IMPACT OF REDUCTION IN AIRCRAFT NOISE EXPOSURE ON BLOOD PRESSURE AND ARTERIAL STIFFNESS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: CROSS-SECTIONAL AND LONGITUDINAL STUDY

In a cross-sectional analysis of a case-control study in 2015, we revealed the association between increased arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity) and aircraft noise exposure. In June 2020, we evaluated the long-term effects, and the impact of a sudden decline in noise exposure during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown, on blood pressure and pulse wave velocity, comparing 74 participants exposed to long-term day-evening-night aircraft noise level > 60 dB and 75 unexposed individuals. During the 5-year follow-up, the prevalence of hypertension increased in the exposed (42% versus 59%, P =0.048) but not in the unexposed group. The decline in noise exposure since April 2020 was accompanied with a significant decrease of noise annoyance, 24-hour systolic (121.2 versus 117.9 mm Hg; P =0.034) and diastolic (75.1 versus 72.0 mm Hg; P =0.003) blood pressure, and pulse wave velocity (10.2 versus 8.8 m/s; P =0.001) in the exposed group. Less profound decreases of these parameters were noticed in the unexposed group. Significant between group differences were observed for declines in office and night-time diastolic blood pressure and pulse wave velocity. Importantly, the difference in the reduction of pulse wave velocity between exposed and unexposed participants remained significant after adjustment for covariates (−1.49 versus −0.35 m/s; P =0.017). The observed difference in insomnia prevalence between exposed and unexposed individuals at baseline was no more significant at follow-up. Thus, long-term aircraft noise exposure may increase the prevalence of hypertension and accelerate arterial stiffening. However, even short-term noise reduction, as experienced during the COVID-19 lockdown, may reverse those unfavorable effects.

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Relationship among long-term aircraft noise exposure, blood pressure profile, and arterial stiffness

Journal of Hypertension ◽

10.1097/hjh.0000000000002060 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (7) ◽

pp. 1350-1358 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Marta Rojek ◽

Marek W. Rajzer ◽

Wiktoria Wojciechowska ◽

Tomasz Drożdż ◽

Paweł Skalski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Noise Exposure ◽

Pressure Profile ◽

Aircraft Noise ◽

Blood Pressure Profile

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Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index in the Persons with Pre-Diabetes and Diabetes Mellitus in the Population Sample of the Russian Federation

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics11030474 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 474

Author(s):

Alexei N. Sumin ◽

Natalia A. Bezdenezhnykh ◽

Andrey V. Bezdenezhnykh ◽

Galina V. Artamonova

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Population Sample ◽

Visceral Obesity ◽

Cardiovascular Complications ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

Diabetes Patients

The aim of this study was to evaluate Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI) and increased arterial stiffness predictors in patients with carbohydrate metabolism disorders (CMD) in the population sample of Russian Federation. Methods: 1617 patients (age 25–64 years) were enrolled in an observational cross-sectional study Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases and Their Risk Factors in the Regions of the Russian Federation (ESSE-RF). The standard ESSE-RF protocol has been extended to measure the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), a marker of arterial stiffness. Patients were divided into three groups: patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 272), patients with prediabetes (n = 44), and persons without CMD (n = 1301). Results: Median CAVI was higher in diabetes and prediabetes groups compared with group without CMD (p = 0.009 and p < 0.001, respectively). Elevated CAVI (≥9.0) was detected in 16.8% of diabetes patients, in 15.9% of those with prediabetes, and in 9.0% of those without CMD (p < 0.001). The factors affecting on CAVI did not differ in CVD groups. In logistic regression the visceral obesity, increasing systolic blood pressure (SBP) and decreasing glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were associated with a pathological CAVI in CMD patients, and age, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and cholesterol in persons without CMD. Conclusions: the CAVI index values in the prediabetes and diabetes patients were higher than in normoglycemic persons in a population sample of the Russian Federation. Since the identified disorders of arterial stiffness in prediabetes are similar to those in diabetes, their identification is important to prevent further cardiovascular complications.

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Abstract 412: Obesity is an Independent Predictor Of Arterial Stiffness

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hyp.62.suppl_1.a412 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 62 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Mohan Thanikachalam ◽

Shasha Bai ◽

Vijayakumar Harivanzan ◽

Ragavendra R Baliga ◽

William T Abraham ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Multivariate Regression ◽

Independent Predictor ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional

Background Arterial stiffness assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) is an independent predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We aimed to investigate how various measures of obesity affect arterial stiffness. Methods We conducted a population-based cross-sectional survey in 8,042 South Indians above the age of 20 years. Following completion of a detailed medical history questionnaire, all participants underwent haemodynamic screening including brachial and central blood pressure, and PWV measurements using a high-fidelity applanation tonometry. The study included anthropometric measurements and fasting blood for total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and blood glucose (BG) levels. After the exclusion of people with previous history of diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia on drug therapy, 5,841 subjects (mean age 41.6 years; 58% women) constituted the study sample Results In an univariate analysis, PWV correlated positively with age, mean blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR), body fat percent (BF%), TC, TG, LDL and BG levels (P <0.001) and negatively with HDL levels (P=0.005). In a multivariate regression analysis, majority of the PWV variability in the model was accounted for by MAP and age, (cumulative adjusted R2 change of 32.79% as compared to the total adjusted R2 change of 35.25%). However, BMI (β= 0.042; adjusted R2 change=2.83%; p<0.001) independently correlated with PWV and its contribution to the PWV variability was far more significant compared to LDL, BG and TG (cumulative adjusted R2 change=1.08%). Multivariate regression analysis using the WC, WHR, or BF% instead of the BMI continued to demonstrate a significant independent effect of obesity parameters on PWV. Conclusion: In a large a population-based cross-sectional survey the study demonstrates a positive, independent association between obesity parameters and increased arterial stiffness.

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Differential Effects of Combination of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitors on Central Aortic Blood Pressure: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study in Hypertensive Outpatients

Cardiovascular Therapeutics ◽

10.1155/2020/4349612 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Akshyaya Pradhan ◽

Pravesh Vishwakarma ◽

Monika Bhandari ◽

Rishi Sethi ◽

Varun Shankar Narain

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Central Hemodynamics ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Treatment Regimens ◽

Aortic Blood ◽

Vascular Age ◽

Aortic Blood Pressure ◽

The Mean ◽

Central Aortic Blood Pressure

Background. Central aortic blood pressure (CABP) indices, central hemodynamics, and arterial stiffness are better predictors of cardiovascular events as compared with brachial cuff pressure measurements alone. The present study is aimed at assessing the effects of different antihypertensive drug combination regimens involving renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors on CABP indices in Indian patients with hypertension. Methods. This was a cross-sectional, single-center study conducted in patients treated for hypertension for >6 weeks using different treatment regimens involving the combination of RAAS inhibitors with drugs from other classes. CABP indices, vascular age, arterial stiffness, and central hemodynamics were measured in patients using the noninvasive Agedio B900 device (IEM, Stolberg, Germany) and compared between different treatment regimens. Results. A total of 199 patients with a mean age of 54.22±10.15 years were enrolled, where 68.8% had hypertension for over three years and 50.25% had their systolic blood pressure SBP<140 mmHg. Combination treatment with angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) was given to 77.9% and to 20.1% patients, respectively. The mean vascular age was higher than the actual age (58.13±12.43 vs. 54.22±10.15, p=0.001). The SBP and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) levels in patients treated with ACEI-based combinations were lower than those in patients treated with ARB-based combinations (p<0.05). The mean central pulse pressure amplification, augmentation pressure, and augmentation index were lower in patients treated with ACEI-based combinations than those treated with other treatments (p=0.001). In a subgroup analysis, patients given perindopril and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) or diuretics had significantly lower CABP and pulse wave velocity than those given other treatments (p<0.05). A total of 6.5% patients experienced any side effects. Conclusion. The majority of central hemodynamic parameters, including vascular age, were found to improve more effectively in patients treated with ACEIs than with ARBs. Our results indicate a gap between routine clinical practice and evidence-based guidelines in Indian settings and identify a need to reevaluate the current antihypertensive prescription strategy.

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