Daytime Orthokeratology Associated With Infectious Keratitis by Multiple Gram-Negative Bacilli: Burkholderia cepacia, Pseudomonas putida, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Features of 378 clinical isolates of saccharolytic, nonfermentative Gram-negative rods and 20 reference strains were examined. All but four of the clinical strains were assigned to recognized taxa, namely Acinetobacter, Chromobacterium, Flavobacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas maltophilia, Pseudomonas multivorans, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas stutzeri, and Xanthomonas.

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First Countrywide Survey of Acquired Metallo-β-Lactamases in Gram-Negative Pathogens in Italy

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.00707-08 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 52 (11) ◽

pp. 4023-4029 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Gian Maria Rossolini ◽

Francesco Luzzaro ◽

Roberta Migliavacca ◽

Claudia Mugnaioli ◽

Beatrice Pini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Pseudomonas Putida ◽

European Country ◽

Enterobacter Cloacae ◽

Nationwide Survey ◽

Clinical Isolates ◽

Geographical Differences ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Gene Cassettes ◽

Low Prevalence

ABSTRACT Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) can confer resistance to most β-lactams, including carbapenems. Their emergence in gram-negative pathogens is a matter of major concern. Italy was the first European country to report the presence of acquired MBLs in gram-negative pathogens and is one of the countries where MBL producers have been detected repeatedly. Here, we present the results of the first Italian nationwide survey of acquired MBLs in gram-negative pathogens. Of 14,812 consecutive nonreplicate clinical isolates (12,245 Enterobacteriaceae isolates and 2,567 gram-negative nonfermenters) screened for reduced carbapenem susceptibility during a 4-month period (September to December 2004), 30 isolates (28 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, 1 Pseudomonas putida isolate, and 1 Enterobacter cloacae isolate) carried acquired MBL determinants. MBL producers were detected in 10 of 12 cities, with a predominance of VIM-type enzymes over IMP-type enzymes (4:1). Although having an overall low prevalence (1.3%) and significant geographical differences, MBL-producing P. aeruginosa strains appeared to be widespread in Italy, with a notable diversity of clones, enzymes, and integrons carrying MBL gene cassettes.

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Potency and Spectrum of Activity of AN3365, a Novel Boron-Containing Protein Synthesis Inhibitor, Tested against Clinical Isolates of Enterobacteriaceae and Nonfermentative Gram-Negative Bacilli

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.00160-13 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 57 (6) ◽

pp. 2849-2857 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Rodrigo E. Mendes ◽

M. R. K. Alley ◽

Helio S. Sader ◽

Douglas J. Biedenbach ◽

Ronald N. Jones

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Burkholderia Cepacia ◽

Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Protein Synthesis Inhibitor ◽

Wild Type ◽

Synthesis Inhibitor ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Content Type ◽

Carbapenem Resistant

ABSTRACTAN3365 (MIC50/90, 0.5/1 μg/ml) was active againstEnterobacteriaceae, including a subset ofKlebsiella pneumoniaecarbapenemase (KPC)-producingK. pneumoniaestrains (MIC50/90, 1/2 μg/ml). AN3365 inhibited 98.0 and 92.2% of wild-type (MIC50/90, 2/8 μg/ml) and carbapenem-resistant (MIC50/90, 4/8 μg/ml)Pseudomonas aeruginosastrains, respectively, at ≤8 μg/ml. AN3365 also demonstrated activity against wild-typeAcinetobacter baumannii(MIC50/90, 2/8 μg/ml) andStenotrophomonas maltophilia(MIC50/90, 2/4 μg/ml), while it was less active against multidrug-resistantA. baumannii(MIC50/90, 8/16 μg/ml) andBurkholderia cepacia(MIC50/90, 8/32 μg/ml).

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Susceptibilities of non-Pseudomonas aeruginosa gram-negative nonfermentative rods to ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, D-ofloxacin, sparfloxacin, ceftazidime, piperacillin, piperacillin-tazobactam, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and imipenem.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.40.3.772 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 772-775 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

S K Spangler ◽

M A Visalli ◽

M R Jacobs ◽

P C Appelbaum

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Burkholderia Cepacia ◽

Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽

Alcaligenes Faecalis ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Agar Dilution ◽

Time Kill

Agar dilution MICs of 10 agents against 410 non-Pseudomonas aeruginosa gram-negative nonfermentative rods were determined. MICs at which 50 and 90% of the isolates were inhibited, respectively, were as follows (in micrograms per milliliter): sparfloxacin, 0.5 and 8.0; levofloxacin, 1.0 and 8.0; ciprofloxacin, 2.0 and 32.0; ofloxacin, 2.0 and 32.0; D-ofloxacin, 32.0 and > 64.0; ceftazidime, 8.0 and 64.0; piperacillin with or without tazobactam, 16.0 and > 64.0; trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 0.5 and > 64.0; imipenem, 2.0 and > 64.0. With the exception of those for Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Burkholderia cepacia, and Alcaligenes faecalis-A. odorans, agar dilution MICs for all strains tested were within 1 dilution of inhibitory (bacteriostatic) levels as determined by time-kill methodology.

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Vulnerability of Pathogenic Biofilms to Micavibrio aeruginosavorus

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.01893-06 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 73 (2) ◽

pp. 605-614 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Daniel Kadouri ◽

Nel C. Venzon ◽

George A. O'Toole

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Burkholderia Cepacia ◽

Flow Cell ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Fold Reduction ◽

Biofilm Structure ◽

Pathogenic Biofilms ◽

Scanning Electron

ABSTRACT The host specificity of the gram-negative exoparasitic predatory bacterium Micavibrio aeruginosavorus was examined. M. aeruginosavorus preyed on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as previously reported, as well as Burkholderia cepacia, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and numerous clinical isolates of these species. In a static assay, a reduction in biofilm biomass was observed as early as 3 hours after exposure to M. aeruginosavorus, and an ∼100-fold reduction in biofilm cell viability was detected following a 24-h exposure to the predator. We observed that an initial titer of Micavibrio as low as 10 PFU/well or a time of exposure to the predator as short as 30 min was sufficient to reduce a P. aeruginosa biofilm. The ability of Micavibrio to reduce an existing biofilm was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. In static and flow cell experiments, M. aeruginosavorus was able to modify the overall P. aeruginosa biofilm structure and markedly decreased the viability of P. aeruginosa. The altered biofilm structure was likely caused by an increase in cell-cell interactions brought about by the presence of the predator or active predation. We also conducted a screen to identify genes important for P. aeruginosa-Micavibrio interaction, but no candidates were isolated among the ∼10,000 mutants tested.

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Comparative characteristics and clinical presentation of cystic fibrosis in adults with chronic lower respiratory tract infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other non-fermenting gram-negative bacilli

Russian Medical Inquiry ◽

10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-4-186-191 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 186-191

Author(s):

V.R. Makhmutova ◽

◽

T.E. Gembitskaya ◽

A.G. Chermenskiy ◽

O.N. Titova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Respiratory Tract ◽

Burkholderia Cepacia ◽

Lower Respiratory Tract ◽

Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Lower Respiratory Tract Infections ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Pseudomonas Infection ◽

Tract Infections

Background: in Russia, the life expectancy of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients increased by 10 years in 2011–2017 being 55.49 years in 2017. However, the number of patients with the chronic infection caused by non-fermenting gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB), e.g., Burkholderia cepacia, Achromobacter spp. etc., increased as well. Aim: to evaluate the differences in the nutritional and functional status and the severity of mutations in CF patients with chronic Pseudomonas infection or NFGNB infection and to assess the sensitivity of P. aeruginosa to tobramycin in CF patients in the Northwest region of Russia. Patients and Methods: 31 patients with CF aged 18–43 years (18 men and 13 women) were examined. The duration of the study was 12 months. Spirometry, anthropometry, and sputum culture were performed. Results: P. aeruginosa alone was isolated in 18 patients (58%), Achromobacter spp. in 9 patients (29%), and Burkholderia spp. in 4 patients (13%). The patients were divided into two groups, i.e., patients with chronic Pseudomonas infection (group 1, n=18, 10 out of 18 patients with mucoid strains of P. aeruginosa) or chronic NFGNB infection (group 2, n=13). The median age and the mode age were 27 years and 27 years, respectively, in group 1 and 24 years and 22 years, respectively, in group 2. It was demonstrated that CF patients with chronic NFGNB infection are characterized by poorer nutritional status (p<0.05) but similar functional status and the severity of CFTR gene mutation compared to CF patients with chronic Pseudomonas infection. It was also shown that Р. aeruginosa is highly sensitive to tobramycin (94.4%). Conclusions: in CF patients, chronic lower respiratory tract infections with Burkholderia cepacia and Achromobacter spp. account for 41.9% of gram-negative rod infections. Further studies and drug sensitivity monitoring are needed. KEYWORDS: cystic fibrosis, DNA test, chronic infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Burkholderia cepacia, Achromobacter spp, non-fermenting gram-negative bacilli, CFTR mutation, nutritional status, pulmonary function tests, inhaled antibiotic therapy. FOR CITATION: Makhmutova V.R., Gembitskaya T.E., Chermenskiy A.G. et al. Comparative characteristics and clinical presentation of cystic fibrosis in adults with chronic lower respiratory tract infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other non-fermenting gram-negative bacilli. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2020;4(4):186–191. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-4-186-191.

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In Vitro Activity of Doripenem (S-4661) against Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli Isolated from Patients with Cystic Fibrosis

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.49.6.2510-2511.2005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 49 (6) ◽

pp. 2510-2511 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Yunhua Chen ◽

Elizabeth Garber ◽

Qiuqu Zhao ◽

Yigong Ge ◽

Matthew A. Wikler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Burkholderia Cepacia ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Vitro Activity ◽

In Vitro Activity ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Resistant Strains

ABSTRACT Doripenem 50% inhibitory concentrations (MIC50) and 90% inhibitory concentrations (MIC90) for multidrug-resistant strains of mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 200 strains), nonmucoid P. aeruginosa (n = 200), and Burkholderia cepacia complex (n = 200) isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis were 8 and 32, 8 and 64, and 8 and 32 μg/ml, respectively. Doripenem had somewhat better activity than established antimicrobial agents.

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Carbapenem Resistance in Non-Fermentative Gram-Negative Bacilli Isolated from Intensive Care Unit Patients of a Referral Hospital

Journal of Nepal Health Research Council ◽

10.33314/jnhrc.v19i1.3240 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 55-61

Author(s):

Santosh Kumar Yadav ◽

Rajshree Bhujel ◽

Shyam Kumar Mishra ◽

Sangita Sharma ◽

Jeevan Bahadur Sherchand

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Burkholderia Cepacia ◽

Carbapenem Resistance ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Burkholderia Cepacia Complex ◽

Acinetobacter Species ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Carbapenem Resistant

Background: Non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli or non-fermenters are opportunistic pathogens associated with serious infections in intensive care unit patients. Although carbapenems were considered as a backbone of treatment for life-threatening infections, these bacteria are increasingly acquiring resistance to carbapenems. Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are prioritized as critical pathogens by the World Health Organization. The objective of the study was to document the status of carbapenem-resistant and carbapenemase-producing non-fermenters isolated from intensive care unit patients.Methods: This study was conducted at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. The clinical specimens collected from intensive care unit patients were processed for isolation and identification of non-fermenters and antibiotic susceptibility profile of bacterial isolates was determined. The multidrug-resistant isolates were identified and carbapenemase enzyme was detected in the carbapenem-resistant isolates.Results: A total of 157 non-fermenters were isolated from 1063 samples which included Acinetobacter species (n=85), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=55), Burkholderia cepacia complex (n=15), and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (n=2). Carbapenem resistance was reported in 85.9%, 72.7%, and 33.3% of Acinetobacter species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Burkholderia cepacia complex, respectively. Among total non-fermenters, 91.1% isolates were multidrug-resistant and 60.8% carbapenem-resistant isolates were carbapenemase producers. The carbapenem-resistant isolates demonstrated an extremely high degree of resistance than carbapenem-susceptible isolates towards other antimicrobial classes.Conclusions: This study reported high rates of carbapenem-resistant, carbapenemase-producing, and multidrug-resistant non-fermenters isolates. Therefore, preventing the spread of these superbugs among the critically ill patients in intensive care units should be a major initiative in hospitals.Keywords: Carbapenem-resistant; carbapenemase; intensive care unit; non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli

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