Commentary on Article by White and Milano Entitled “Gene Therapy in Cardiovascular Disease: State of the Art”

It is clear, according to the literature, mercury from mining, in its methylmercury form, produces neurotoxicity and decreased IQ in fetuses; However, there are several reviews and studies on the association of mercury with cardiovascular diseases, because these are the cause of greater morbidity and mortality worldwide; it is necessary to clarify their relationship, as the purpose of this state of art. These documents were reviewed, analyzed and synthesized to define said association; within which, a meta-analysis was found that reviews 37 studies and concludes that there is no association of mercury with cardiovascular diseases and that on the contrary; lead, arsenic, cadmium and copper, if they have a strong relationship with cardiovascular disease.

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Serum albumin and cardiovascular disease: State-of-the-art review

Annales de Cardiologie et d Angéiologie ◽

10.1016/j.ancard.2020.07.012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 69 (4) ◽

pp. 192-200

Author(s):

S. Arques

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Serum Albumin ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Disease State

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Chlamydia pneumoniae and Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Disease: State of the Art and Prevention Strategies

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms16010724 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 724-735 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Marisa Di Pietro ◽

Simone Filardo ◽

Fiorenzo De Santis ◽

Paola Mastromarino ◽

Rosa Sessa

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Chlamydia Pneumoniae ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Disease State ◽

Prevention Strategies ◽

And Oxidative Stress

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Harnessing nucleic acid-based therapeutics for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: state of the art

Drug Discovery Today ◽

10.1016/j.drudis.2019.04.007 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (5) ◽

pp. 1116-1131 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Fatemeh Vahdat Lasemi ◽

Maryam Mahjoubin Tehran ◽

Seyed Hamid Aghaee-Bakhtiari ◽

Amin Jalili ◽

Mahmoud Reza Jaafari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Nucleic Acid ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Disease State ◽

Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease

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Future Prospects of Gene Therapy for Friedreich’s Ataxia

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22041815 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 1815 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gabriel Ocana-Santero ◽

Javier Díaz-Nido ◽

Saúl Herranz-Martín

Keyword(s):

Gene Therapy ◽

Viral Vectors ◽

Autosomal Recessive ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Friedreich’S Ataxia ◽

Friedreich's Ataxia ◽

First Intron ◽

Progressive Neurodegeneration ◽

Feasible Solutions ◽

Neurogenetic Disease

Friedreich’s ataxia is an autosomal recessive neurogenetic disease that is mainly associated with atrophy of the spinal cord and progressive neurodegeneration in the cerebellum. The disease is caused by a GAA-expansion in the first intron of the frataxin gene leading to a decreased level of frataxin protein, which results in mitochondrial dysfunction. Currently, there is no effective treatment to delay neurodegeneration in Friedreich’s ataxia. A plausible therapeutic approach is gene therapy. Indeed, Friedreich’s ataxia mouse models have been treated with viral vectors en-coding for either FXN or neurotrophins, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor showing promising results. Thus, gene therapy is increasingly consolidating as one of the most promising therapies. However, several hurdles have to be overcome, including immunotoxicity and pheno-toxicity. We review the state of the art of gene therapy in Friedreich’s ataxia, addressing the main challenges and the most feasible solutions for them.

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Microfluidics in cardiovascular disease research: state of the art and future outlook

Microsystems & Nanoengineering ◽

10.1038/s41378-021-00245-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Qingming Ma ◽

Haixia Ma ◽

Fenglan Xu ◽

Xinyu Wang ◽

Wentao Sun

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Drug Evaluation ◽

Diagnostic Methods ◽

Comprehensive Understanding ◽

Pathogenetic Mechanisms ◽

Disease Research ◽

Delivery Vehicles ◽

Primary Strategy

AbstractDue to extremely severe morbidity and mortality worldwide, it is worth achieving a more in-depth and comprehensive understanding of cardiovascular diseases. Tremendous effort has been made to replicate the cardiovascular system and investigate the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Microfluidics can be used as a versatile primary strategy to achieve a holistic picture of cardiovascular disease. Here, a brief review of the application of microfluidics in comprehensive cardiovascular disease research is presented, with specific discussions of the characteristics of microfluidics for investigating cardiovascular diseases integrally, including the study of pathogenetic mechanisms, the development of accurate diagnostic methods and the establishment of therapeutic treatments. Investigations of critical pathogenetic mechanisms for typical cardiovascular diseases by microfluidic-based organ-on-a-chip are categorized and reviewed, followed by a detailed summary of microfluidic-based accurate diagnostic methods. Microfluidic-assisted cardiovascular drug evaluation and screening as well as the fabrication of novel delivery vehicles are also reviewed. Finally, the challenges with and outlook on further advancing the use of microfluidics technology in cardiovascular disease research are highlighted and discussed.

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