Risk-Reducing Salpingectomy as Preventative Strategy for Pelvic Serous Cancer

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles K. Anderson ◽  
Shannon Wallace ◽  
Maryam Guiahi ◽  
Jeanelle Sheeder ◽  
Kian Behbakht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Ovarian Surface Epithelium ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Preventative Strategy ◽  
Risk Reducing ◽  
Low Risk Women ◽  
Early Stage Ovarian Cancer

AbstractThe systemic failure to detect early-stage ovarian cancer may be attributed to a significant amount of pelvic serous cancers arising from the fallopian tube rather than the ovarian surface epithelium. This article reviews the possibility of applying risk-reducing salpingectomy as a new paradigm for the prevention of pelvic serous cancer in both high- and low-risk women.

scholarly journals A descriptive study on histopathology of fallopian tube in neoplastic surface epithelial ovarian tumors

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 385
Author(s):  
Ashna C. Manuel ◽  
Radhamani M. V. ◽  
Priya V. ◽  
Deepa S.
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pill ◽  
Ovarian Surface Epithelium ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Early Stage Disease

Background: The incidence of cancer is increasing day by day. Ovarian cancer ranks as the fifth leading cause of cancer related death among women worldwide. The cure rate of early stage disease is high. The accepted view is that ovarian cancer arises from ovarian surface epithelium. Recent evidence suggested that around sixty percentage of women without a genetic predisposition who developed sporadic ovarian cancer also have early tubal lesion and cancer. The present study aims to find out the histopathology of fallopian tube in neoplastic surface epithelial ovarian tumour.Methods: A descriptive study was conducted among hundred women who had undergone surgery for malignant and benign surface epithelial ovarian tumor from Govt. Medical College, Kottayam for one year from January-December 2017.Results: Fifty percent of the patients had malignant surface epithelial ovarian tumors.Conclusions: The risk factors of malignant surface epithelial ovarian tumors include age above fifty years and post-menopausal women. Whereas oral contraceptive pill use is a protective factor against malignant surface epithelial ovarian tumors. The fimbrial end of fallopian tube is the site of origin of malignancy in high grade ovarian epithelial carcinoma. So, prophylactic bilateral salpingectomy should be encouraged in all patients who have completed family and undergoing hysterectomy. This will reduce the morbidity and mortality due to ovarian carcinoma.

scholarly journals UnPAXing the Divergent Roles of PAX2 and PAX8 in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Hardy ◽  
Amrita Salvi ◽  
Joanna Burdette
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Ovarian Surface Epithelium ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Serous Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cell Of Origin ◽  
Pax8 Expression

High-grade serous ovarian cancer is a deadly disease that can originate from the fallopian tube or the ovarian surface epithelium. The PAX (paired box) genes PAX2 and PAX8 are lineage-specific transcription factors required during development of the fallopian tube but not in the development of the ovary. PAX2 expression is lost early in serous cancer progression, while PAX8 is expressed ubiquitously. These proteins are implicated in migration, invasion, proliferation, cell survival, stem cell maintenance, and tumor growth. Hence, targeting PAX2 and PAX8 represents a promising drug strategy that could inhibit these pro-tumorigenic effects. In this review, we examine the implications of PAX2 and PAX8 expression in the cell of origin of serous cancer and their potential efficacy as drug targets by summarizing their role in the molecular pathogenesis of ovarian cancer.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of High-Grade Serous Carcinogenesis in the Fallopian Tube and Ovary: Current Hypotheses, Etiologic Factors, and Molecular Alterations

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 4409
Author(s):  
Isao Otsuka
Keyword(s):  
Homologous Recombination ◽  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Ovarian Surface Epithelium ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Intratumor Heterogeneity ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Tp53 Mutations ◽  
Molecular Alterations ◽  
Brca 1

Ovarian high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSCs) are a heterogeneous group of diseases. They include fallopian-tube-epithelium (FTE)-derived and ovarian-surface-epithelium (OSE)-derived tumors. The risk/protective factors suggest that the etiology of HGSCs is multifactorial. Inflammation caused by ovulation and retrograde bleeding may play a major role. HGSCs are among the most genetically altered cancers, and TP53 mutations are ubiquitous. Key driving events other than TP53 mutations include homologous recombination (HR) deficiency, such as BRCA 1/2 dysfunction, and activation of the CCNE1 pathway. HR deficiency and the CCNE1 amplification appear to be mutually exclusive. Intratumor heterogeneity resulting from genomic instability can be observed at the early stage of tumorigenesis. In this review, I discuss current carcinogenic hypotheses, sites of origin, etiologic factors, and molecular alterations of HGSCs.

Outcome of Preventive Surgery and Screening for Breast and Ovarian Cancer in BRCA Mutation Carriers

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1260-1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Scheuer ◽  
Noah Kauff ◽  
Mark Robson ◽  
Bridget Kelly ◽  
Richard Barakat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Genetic Counseling ◽  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Breast And Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Preventive Surgery ◽  
Counseling And Testing ◽  
Risk Reducing

PURPOSE: To prospectively determine the impact of genetic counseling and testing on risk-reduction strategies and cancer incidence in a cohort of individuals at hereditary risk for breast and ovarian cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two hundred fifty-one individuals with BRCA mutations were identified at a single comprehensive cancer center from May 1, 1995, through October 31, 2000. Uniform recommendations regarding screening and preventive surgery were provided in the context of genetic counseling. Patients were followed for a mean of 24.8 months (range, 1.6 to 66.0 months) using standardized questionnaires, chart reviews, and contact with primary physicians. RESULTS: Frequency of cancer surveillance by physical examinations and imaging studies increased after genetic counseling and testing. Twenty-one breast, ovarian, primary peritoneal, or fallopian tube cancers were detected after receipt of genetic test results. Among 29 individuals choosing risk-reducing mastectomy after testing, two were found to have occult intraductal breast cancers. Among 90 individuals who underwent risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy, one early-stage ovarian neoplasm and one early-stage fallopian tube neoplasm were found. Radiographic or tumor marker–based screening detected six breast cancers, five of which were stage 0/I, one early-stage primary peritoneal cancer, and three stage I or II ovarian cancers. Six additional breast cancers were detected by physical examination between radiographic screening intervals; four of these six tumors were stage I. No stage III or stage IV malignancies were detected after genetic testing. CONCLUSION: This study provides prospective evidence that genetic counseling and testing increased surveillance and led to risk-reducing operations, which resulted in diagnosis of early-stage tumors in patients with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations.

scholarly journals Comparison of the survival outcomes of laparoscopy versus laparotomy in treatment of early-stage ovarian cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingduo Kong ◽  
Hongyi Wei ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Yilin Li ◽  
Yongjun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Survival Outcomes ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Review Manager ◽  
Early Stage Ovarian Cancer

Abstract Background Laparoscopy has been widely used for patients with early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer (eEOC). However, there is limited evidence regarding whether survival outcomes of laparoscopy are equivalent to those of laparotomy among patients with eEOC. The result of survival outcomes of laparoscopy is still controversial. The aim of this meta-analysis is to analyze the survival outcomes of laparoscopy versus laparotomy in the treatment of eEOC. Methods According to the keywords, Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Clinicaltrials.gov were searched for studies from January 1994 to January 2021. Studies comparing the efficacy and safety of laparoscopy versus laparotomy for patients with eEOC were assessed for eligibility. Only studies including outcomes of overall survival (OS) were enrolled. The meta-analysis was performed using Stata software (Version 12.0) and Review Manager (Version 5.2). Results A total of 6 retrospective non-random studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled results indicated that there was no difference between two approaches for patients with eEOC in OS (HR = 0.6, P = 0.446), progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 0.6, P = 0.137) and upstaging rate (OR = 1.18, P = 0.54). But the recurrence rate of laparoscopic surgery was lower than that of laparotomic surgery (OR = 0.48, P = 0.008). Conclusions Laparoscopy and laparotomy appear to provide comparable overall survival and progression-free survival outcomes for patients with eEOC. Further high-quality studies are needed to enhance this statement.

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