scholarly journals The Role of Neuroplasticity and Cognitive Reserve in Aging With HIV

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 306-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Vance ◽  
Pariya L. Fazeli ◽  
Joan S. Grant ◽  
Larry Z. Slater ◽  
James L. Raper
Keyword(s):  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. P1197
Author(s):  
Suvarna Alladi ◽  
Shailaja Mekala ◽  
Vani K. Kasyap ◽  
Suneel Kumar Bagadi ◽  
Sireesha Jala ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 1341-1362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arianna Menardi ◽  
Alvaro Pascual-Leone ◽  
Peter J. Fried ◽  
Emiliano Santarnecchi

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1199-1205
Author(s):  
Fanny Vallet ◽  
Nathalie Mella ◽  
Andreas Ihle ◽  
Marine Beaudoin ◽  
Delphine Fagot ◽  
...  

Abstract Objectives Interindividual differences in cognitive aging may be explained by differences in cognitive reserve (CR) that are built up across the life span. A plausible but underresearched mechanism for these differences is that CR helps compensating cognitive decline by enhancing motivation to cope with challenging cognitive situations. Theories of motivation on cognition suggest that perceived capacity and intrinsic motivation may be key mediators in this respect. Method In 506 older adults, we assessed CR proxies (education, occupation, leisure activities), motivation (perceived capacity, intrinsic motivation), and a global measure of cognitive functioning. Results Perceived capacity, but not intrinsic motivation, significantly mediated the relation between CR and cognitive performance. Discussion Complementary with neurobiological and cognitive processes, our results suggest a more comprehensive view of the role of motivational aspects built up across the life span in determining differences in cognitive performance in old age.


2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (03) ◽  
pp. 461-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly E. Zimmerman ◽  
Marcelo E. Bigal ◽  
Mindy J. Katz ◽  
Adam M. Brickman ◽  
Richard B. Lipton

Author(s):  
В. С. Мякотных ◽  
А. П. Сиденкова ◽  
Е. С. Остапчук ◽  
И. А. Кулакова ◽  
Н. А. Белых ◽  
...  

Высокий риск когнитивных расстройств у лиц пожилого и старческого возраста заставляет, с одной стороны, искать их причины, с другой - возможности профилактики. В связи с этим в последние годы получило распространение понятие когнитивного резерва, подразумевающего совокупность количественных параметров головного мозга и его способности сохранять высокую функциональную активность в процессе старения и на фоне связанной с возрастом патологии головного мозга. Представленный в статье материал на основе обзора научной литературы освещает два основных момента, касающихся возможности сохранения когнитивного резерва, - гендерный и образовательный факторы. Указывается на разные возможности женщин и мужчин, связанные со структурными и функциональными особенностями ЦНС у представителей разного пола, и на особую роль поддерживаемого в течение всей жизни образовательного процесса. Обозначена авторская позиция о необходимости разделения понятий образования и образованности, то есть уровня общей культуры и создания удобного инструмента для определения последнего. Это, в свою очередь, помогло бы в разработке модели когнитивного резерва, нацеленной на предотвращение трансформации физиологического когнитивного старения в патологическое. The high risk of cognitive disorders in the elderly and senile age makes, on the one hand, to look for their causes, on the other - the possibility of prevention. In this regard, in recent years, the concept of cognitive reserve has become widespread, implying a set of quantitative parameters of the brain and its ability to maintain high functional activity in the process of aging and against the background of age-related brain pathology. The material presented in the article on the basis of the review of scientific literature highlights two main points concerning the possibility of preserving the cognitive reserve-gender and educational factors. It is pointed to the different opportunities of women and men associated with the structural and functional characteristics of the Central nervous system in representatives of different sexes and the special role of the educational process supported throughout life. The author’s position on the need to separate the concepts of education and the level of General culture, and the creation of a convenient tool for determining the latter is indicated. This, in turn, would help in the development of a cognitive reserve model aimed at preventing the transformation of physiological cognitive aging into pathological aging.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristı̄ne Šneidere ◽  
Sara Mondini ◽  
Ainārs Stepens

2021 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 205-213
Author(s):  
Antonio Canosa ◽  
Francesca Palumbo ◽  
Barbara Iazzolino ◽  
Laura Peotta ◽  
Francesca Di Pede ◽  
...  

2014 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. S157-S158
Author(s):  
Wanping Huang ◽  
Jimmy Lee ◽  
Max Lam ◽  
Attilio Rapisarda ◽  
Michael Kraus ◽  
...  

The Lancet ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 386 ◽  
pp. S25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorina Cadar ◽  
Blossom C M Stephan ◽  
Carol Jagger ◽  
Nikhil Sharma ◽  
Carole Dufouil ◽  
...  

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