Global status of Toxoplasma gondii infection and associated risk factors in people living with HIV

Background. Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite and is a major opportunistic pathogen in immune-compromised hosts. This study assessed the prevalence of T. gondii and associated risk factors among people living with HIV. Methods and Materials. A cross-sectional study was carried out among people living with HIV attending Gondar University Hospital. A structured and pretested questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic factors, and 10mL of venous blood was collected for anti-Toxoplasma antibody test and determination of CD4 levels. Serum was tested in duplicate for anti-Toxoplasma antibody using rapid slide agglutination test. Results. A total of 170 study subjects were enrolled in the study. Seroprevalence of T. gondii among the study participants was 76.5% (95% CI: 69.0–82.8). High proportions of seropositive individuals (64.7%) were found under the child bearing age groups. The mean CD4+ lymphocyte count of HIV monoinfected participants was cells/mm3 while coinfected study participants had mean CD4+ lymphocyte count of cells/mm3 with value of 0.01. Conclusion. The seroprevalence of T. gondii among people living with HIV was high. Cautious followup of HIV-positive patients is needed to prevent development of toxoplasmic encephalitis and other related complications.

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Latent tuberculosis infection and associated risk factors among people living with HIV and apparently healthy blood donors at the University of Gondar referral hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/s13104-019-4548-x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mekdes Tilahun ◽

Agumas Shibabaw ◽

Amare Kiflie ◽

Gezahegn Bewket ◽

Ebba Abate ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Blood Donors ◽

Latent Tuberculosis Infection ◽

Latent Tuberculosis ◽

Northwest Ethiopia ◽

People Living With Hiv ◽

Associated Risk Factors ◽

The University ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Apparently Healthy

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Sero-prevalence and associated risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women attending Omdurman friendship hospital, Omdurman

Mental Health and Addiction Research ◽

10.15761/mhar.1000153 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Wahaj M. Mohammed ◽

Abdalla HS ◽

Satti AB ◽

Tagwa B Mustafa

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Friendship Hospital ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽

Associated Risk Factors

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Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in a representative Australian human population: The Busselton health study

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health ◽

10.1016/j.cegh.2020.02.005 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 808-814

Author(s):

Aus Molan ◽

Kazunori Nosaka ◽

Michael Hunter ◽

Wei Wang

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Human Population ◽

Health Study ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽

Associated Risk Factors

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Seroprevalence and the associated risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in the middle belt of Ghana

10.21203/rs.2.12162/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

DERRICK ADU MENSAH ◽

Linda Batsa Debrah ◽

Clement Evans Aryee ◽

ALEXANDER YAW YAW DEBRAH

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Study Participant ◽

Antibody Concentration ◽

Ashanti Region ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Background Exposure to Toxoplasma gondii infection is prevalent in up to 90% of the world’s population. Severe infections can be fatal and deforming in neonates. Cats serve as reservoirs for T. gondii infections. Even though many Ghanaians have cats as pets in their homes only few studies have been undertaken to assess the prevalence of the disease in Ghana. The objective of the study was to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection and its associated risk factors among pregnant women seeking antenatal care at the Goaso Municipal Hospital, in Asunafo North District of the Ahafo Region and the St. Michael’s Catholic Mission Hospital in the Bosomtwe District in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Methods A cross-sectional study involving 266 (146 from Asunafo North District and 120 from Bosomtwe District) pregnant women who consented to participate in the study was undertaken. To gather information on associated risk factors, structured questionnaire was administered to the participants. In addition, 3 mls of venous blood was collected from each participant for anti-T. gondii IgG and anti-T. gondii IgM antibody analyses using ELISA. Results A total of 64.3% (171/266) of the study participant were positive for anti-T. gondii IgG and 26.3% (70/266) were positive for anti-T. gondii IgM antibodies. This signifies that 64.3% of the study population have been exposed to the infection and 26.3% were actively infected. There were no differences (P=0.383) between the overall T. gondii seroprevalences in the two Districts. There was a significant difference between antibody concentration levels and age in the Bosomtwe District in Ashanti Region. No association (OR<1) was found between the seroprevalences and the suspected risk factors assessed in this study. Conclusion The study showed that the seroprevalence of T. gondii among pregnant women visiting the two health facilities in the two Regions was higher compared to the 30%-65% reported as the global population infection status. This study provides baseline data for future studies in the other Districts and Regions in the country to ascertain the overall seroprevalence in Ghana.

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