Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depression among Pregnant Mothers Who Had Intimate Partner Violence during Pregnancy Attending Antenatal Care at Gondar University Hospital Northwest Ethiopia in 2020

Background. Antenatal depression is the major obstetric problem that led to significant maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in the third world. However, in Ethiopia this prevalence and association were not studied, as result, this study investigated the prevalence and associated factors of antenatal depression among pregnant mothers who had intimate partner violence during pregnancy. Methodology. An institution-based cross-sectional study was done among 409 pregnant mothers who had intimate partner violence during pregnancy from May to July 2019 at Gondar University Hospital. All pregnant mothers who came for ANC follow-up during the study period approached for screening of intimate partner violence during pregnancy using standard and validated screening method and instrument of the WHO multicountry study on women’s health and domestic violence to evaluate intimate partner violence, and we use EPDS for the evaluation of antenatal depression validated in Ethiopia with a cut point of 13. Result. Prevalence of depression among pregnant mothers who had any form of intimate partner violence during pregnancy was 35%: physical abuse ( AOR = 1.8 ; 95% CI: 1.19, 3.30), more than one type of abuse ( AOR = 10.18 ; 95% CI: 7.10, 16.18), poor social support ( AOR = 5.81 ; 95% CI: 1.12, 13.12), and pregnant mothers whose partner drunk for the past twelve months ( AOR = 7.16 ; 95% CI: 183, 8.00) were significantly associated with antenatal depression. Conclusion. High prevalence of antenatal depression among pregnant mothers who had intimate partner violence during pregnancy was highly associated with physical abuse, more than one type of abuse, lack of social support, and partner of pregnant mothers who is a drunk. Hence, this is important to create a screening program and prevention strategy of intimate partner violence during pregnancy at the time of antenatal follow-up to prevent and early identify its morbidity and mortality.

Cause and incidence of Cancellation of elective surgeries at Gondar University hospital, Ethiopia

Background: High rates of cancellation of surgical procedures are common in hospital settings which may subsequently lead to economic loss to hospital besides burden given to patients, their families and medical teams .It is well recognized that cancellation of patients from elective theatre operating lists increases cost, decreases efficiency, duplicates workload and wastes operating room time.Cancellation of elective surgical procedures also causes significantly emotional trauma to the patients as well as their families and the community in general, and its impact on hospital resources is great due to prolonged hospitalization and high cost of health care.The aim of this study was to find the causes and incidence of surgical patient cancellation at Gondar university hospital, North-west Ethiopia.Methods: prospective observational study was conducted from January 10 to April 10, 2019. Information regarding the cancellation of surgeries were collected from various sources including; the operating room daily surgical schedule, preoperative anaesthesia record sheet, primary physicians, the anaesthetist responsible for the preoperative assessment and conducting the case and by communicating patients if required. Data were checked on daily basis for completeness and were entered to Epi info and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20 software.Result: There were 64 causes of case cancellation. The commonest reasons for cancellation were overbooking of elective surgeries (33.13%).Conclusion: Preventable causes of case cancellation were the most prominent.

Prevalence and associated factors of erectile dysfunction among men DM patients in Gondar university hospital, Gondar Ethiopia

Back ground- globally it is likely that 387 million people have DM and this number expected to increase to 592 million by the year 2035. WHO estimated the number of cases of diabetes in Ethiopia to be about 800thausadns in 2011 and expected that it would increase to about 1.8 million by the year 2030. Psychosomatic and sexual dysfunctions are one among different complication that DM patients come across during their disease course. Therefore this study aimed to estimate the prevalence and associated with erectile dysfunction among adult men DM patients in Ethiopia.Method-An institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted among male DM patients at Gondar university referral hospital chronic illness clinic. Single population proportion sampling technique was used. 367 were selected proportionally using systematic random sampling technique. Face to face interview method was employed using a structured questionnaire for data collection. Data were analyzed descriptively and through bi-and multivariate logistic regression model.Result-The prevalence rate is 53.1%. The mean age of the respondents was 54.12(SD+16.5112) years age from 21-90 years. Majority of the respondents 158(43.1%) were Orthodox followers followed by Muslim, 113(30.8%), Protestant 55(15.0%) and Catholic 41(11.2%). the median monthly salary was 2000 Ethiopian Birr. BMI of most respondents was within the range of 18.5-24.9. ED was significantly associated with Age, Duration of DM and Alcohol.Conclusion- Finding of this study indicated that ED is a major public and self issue with its multi-factorial among male DM. The evidence from this study found that being aged, alcoholic and longer duration of DM was significantly associated with ED.Key words- Erectile dysfunction, prevalence, male DM patients, Gondar University Referral Hospital.

Determinants of Under-Five Pneumonia at Gondar University Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: An Unmatched Case-Control Study

Background. Pneumonia causes about two million under-five deaths each year, accounting for nearly one in five child deaths globally. Knowing the determinants of under-five pneumonia is useful for prevention and intervention programs that are aimed to control the disease. Thus, the main aim of this study was to assess the determinants of under-five pneumonia at Gondar University Hospital, Ethiopia. Methods. An institution-based unmatched case-control study was carried out from April 1 to April 30, 2015, taking a sample size of 435 study participants (145 cases and 290 controls). The researchers used a systematic random sampling technique for selecting cases and controls. Data were entered and cleaned using Epi Info version 7 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Bivariable analysis was performed, and variables with a p value less than 0.2 were entered into multivariable logistic regression. Determinant factors were identified based on p value less than 0.05 and adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval (AOR with 95% CI). Results. An increased odds of pneumonia was associated with children who had diarrhea in the past fifteen days of data collection (AOR = 6.183; 95% CI: 3.482, 10.977), children’s mothers who did not hear about how to handle domestic smoking (AOR = 5.814; 95% CI: 2.757, 12.261), and children of mothers who did not follow proper handwashing practice (AOR = 3.469; 95% CI: 1.753, 6.863). Conclusions. Being infected with diarrhea, not knowing how to handle domestic smoking, and poor compliance with proper handwashing practice were identified as determinants of pneumonia. Dedicated, coordinated, and integrated intervention needs to be taken to enhance proper handwashing practice by mothers/caregivers, improve the indoor air quality, and prevent diarrheal diseases at the community level.

In-Hospital Mortality among Ischemic Stroke Patients in Gondar University Hospital: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Introduction. Ischemic stroke is the third leading cause of mortality in low-income countries and the sixth in Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to determine the rate and predictors of in-hospital mortality due to ischemic stroke in Gondar University Hospital. Methods. The study was conducted from April 1, 2017, to May 15, 2017, at Gondar University Hospital. A census using retrospective cohort study design was conducted on medical records of adult patients with the diagnosis of ischemic stroke attending the medical inpatient ward of Gondar University Hospital between November 2012 and September 2016. Cox hazard regression was used to determine the predictors of in-hospital mortality. A two-sided statistical test at 5% level of significance was used. Results. The mean (±SD) duration of hospital stay was 11.55 (10.040) days. Of the total 208 patients, 26 (12.5%) patients died in the hospital. Cox regression revealed that only a decrease in renal function, particularly elevated serum creatinine (AHR=8.848, 95% CI: 1.616-67.437), was associated with a statistically significant increase of in-hospital mortality. The symptom onset-to-admission time varied greatly among patients and ranged from 1 hour to 168 hours. Conclusion. The in-hospital mortality associated with ischemic stroke was found to be high. Mainly, elevation in serum creatinine was highly associated with poorer outcomes in terms of in-hospital mortality. Much work should be done on improving the knowledge and awareness of the community regarding ischemic stroke and stroke in general to encourage early medical seeking behavior and reduce mortality and long-term disability.

Reasons for delay in decision making and reaching health facility among obstetric fistula and pelvic organ prolapse patients in Gondar University Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

Aims: To assess reasons for the delay in getting treatment of women with obstetric fistula and pelvic organ prolapse at Gondar University Hospital. Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted among 384 women. Delay was evaluated by calculating symptom onset and time of arrival to get treatment at University of Gondar Hospital. Regression analysis was conducted to elicit predictors of delay for treatment. Results: Of the total 384 participants 73(19.1%) were fistula cases and 311 (80.9%) were pelvic organ prolapse. The proportion of women who delayed for treatment of pelvic organ prolapse was 82.9%, and that of obstetric fistula was 60.9%. Women who had fear of disclosure due to social stigma (AOR=2; 1.03, 3.9), and financial problem (AOR=1.97; 1.01, 3.86) were associated with delay to seek treatment for pelvic organ prolapse. While increasing age (AOR =1.12; 1.01, 1.24)and divorce (AOR = 16.9; 1.75, 165.5) were associated with delay to seek treatment among obstetric fistula cases, Conclusions: A high proportion of women with pelvic organ prolapse and Obstetric fistula were delayed to seek treatment. Fear of disclosure due to social stigma and financial problem were the major factors that contributed for delay to seek treatment for pelvic organ prolapse. While increasing age and divorce were the predictors for delay to seek treatment for obstetrics fistula patients.