scholarly journals Zebrafish embryonic development is induced by carp sperm

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 20160628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Delomas ◽  
Konrad Dabrowski
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Linkage Analysis ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Genetic Screens ◽  
Characteristic Set ◽  
Zebrafish Development ◽  
Functional Development ◽  
Forward Genetic Screens

Haploid gynogenetic screens increase the efficiency of forward genetic screens and linkage analysis in fish. Typically, UV-irradiated zebrafish sperm is used to activate zebrafish oocytes for haploid screens. We describe the use of UV-irradiated common carp sperm to activate haploid gynogenetic zebrafish development. Carp × zebrafish hybrids are shown to have a characteristic set of features during embryonic development and exhibit functional development of several tissues (muscle, heart and nervous system). Hybrids become inviable past the embryonic stages. This technique eliminates the possibility of incompletely irradiated zebrafish spermatozoa contaminating haploid progenies. While developing this protocol, one unique zebrafish female was identified which, upon insemination with UV-irradiated carp spermatozoa, repeatedly displayed spontaneous diploidization of the maternal chromosomes in her offspring.

scholarly journals A transgenic system for targeted ablation of reproductive and maternal-effect genes

Development ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 148 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvain Bertho ◽  
Odelya Kaufman ◽  
KathyAnn Lee ◽  
Adrian Santos-Ledo ◽  
Daniel Dellal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Maternal Effect ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Reverse Genetic ◽  
Genetic Screens ◽  
Maternal Effect Genes ◽  
Forward Genetic Screens ◽  
Embryonic Life ◽  
Bucky Ball

ABSTRACT Maternally provided gene products regulate the earliest events of embryonic life, including formation of the oocyte that will develop into an egg, and eventually into an embryo. Forward genetic screens have provided invaluable insights into the molecular regulation of embryonic development, including the essential contributions of some genes whose products must be provided to the transcriptionally silent early embryo for normal embryogenesis, called maternal-effect genes. However, other maternal-effect genes are not accessible due to their essential zygotic functions during embryonic development. Identifying these regulators is essential to fill the large gaps in our understanding of the mechanisms and molecular pathways contributing to fertility and to maternally regulated developmental processes. To identify these maternal factors, it is necessary to bypass the earlier requirement for these genes so that their potential later functions can be investigated. Here, we report reverse genetic systems to identify genes with essential roles in zebrafish reproductive and maternal-effect processes. As proof of principle and to assess the efficiency and robustness of mutagenesis, we used these transgenic systems to disrupt two genes with known maternal-effect functions: kif5ba and bucky ball.

scholarly journals A Transgenic System for Targeted Ablation of Reproductive and Maternal-Effect genes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvain Bertho ◽  
Odelya Kaufman ◽  
KathyAnn Lee ◽  
Adrian Santos-Ledo ◽  
Daniel Dellal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Maternal Effect ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Reverse Genetic ◽  
Genetic Screens ◽  
Maternal Effect Genes ◽  
Genetic Systems ◽  
Forward Genetic Screens ◽  
Embryonic Life ◽  
Summary Statement

AbstractMaternally provided gene products regulate the earliest events of embryonic life, including formation of the oocyte that will develop into an egg, and eventually an embryo. Forward genetic screens have provided invaluable insights into the molecular regulation of embryonic development, including essential contributions of some genes whose products must be provided to the transcriptionally silent early embryo for normal embryogenesis, maternal-effect genes. However, other maternal-effect genes are not accessible due to their essential zygotic functions during embryonic development. Identifying these regulators is essential to fill the large gaps in our understanding of the mechanisms and molecular pathways contributing to fertility and maternally regulated developmental processes. To identify these maternal factors, it is necessary to bypass the earlier requirement for these genes so that their potential later functions can be investigated. Here we report reverse genetic systems to identify genes with essential roles in reproductive and maternal-effect processes, as proof of principal and to assess the efficiency and robustness of mutagenesis we used these transgenic systems to disrupt two genes with known maternal-effect functions, kif5Ba and bucky ball.Summary StatementWe report reverse genetic systems to identify essential regulators of reproductive and maternal-effect processes, as proof of principal we used these transgenic systems to disrupt genes with known maternal-effect functions.

Virtual ultrasound embryo autopsy – myth or reality? Part 1

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.Yu. Blinov
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Prenatal Diagnosis ◽  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Human Embryos ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Embryonic Period ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Central Nervous System Defects

A review of literature data on the study of human embryos using new methods of medical imaging is given. The possibility of prenatal diagnosis of severe central nervous system defects has been demonstrated already in the embryonic period at 8–10 weeks of gestation or at the age of 16 to 23 stages of the embryonic development period

scholarly journals Identification of plant stress-responsive determinants in arabidopsis by large-scale forward genetic screens

2006 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 1119-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisashi Koiwa ◽  
Ray A. Bressan ◽  
Paul M. Hasegawa
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Genetic Screens ◽  
Forward Genetic Screens

scholarly journals Dendrites with specialized glial attachments develop by retrograde extension using SAX-7 and GRDN-1

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth R. Cebul ◽  
Ian G. McLachlan ◽  
Maxwell G. Heiman
Keyword(s):  
Glial Cell ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Mammalian Brain ◽  
Cytoplasmic Protein ◽  
Genetic Screens ◽  
Sense Organs ◽  
Adhesion Protein ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Dendrite Development ◽  
Forward Genetic Screens

ABSTRACTDendrites develop elaborate morphologies in concert with surrounding glia, but the molecules that coordinate dendrite and glial morphogenesis are mostly unknown.C. elegansoffers a powerful model for identifying such factors. Previous work in this system examined dendrites and glia that develop within epithelia, similar to mammalian sense organs. Here, we focus on the neurons BAG and URX, which are not part of an epithelium but instead form membranous attachments to a single glial cell at the nose, reminiscent of dendrite-glia contacts in the mammalian brain. We show that these dendrites develop by retrograde extension, in which the nascent dendrite endings anchor to the presumptive nose and then extend by stretch during embryo elongation. Using forward genetic screens, we find that dendrite development requires the adhesion protein SAX-7/L1CAM and the cytoplasmic protein GRDN-1/CCDC88C to anchor dendrite endings at the nose. SAX-7 acts in neurons and glia, while GRDN-1 acts in glia to non-autonomously promote dendrite extension. Thus, this work shows how glial factors can help to shape dendrites, and identifies a novel molecular mechanism for dendrite growth by retrograde extension.

scholarly journals Fluorescence-Based Phenotypic Selection Allows Forward Genetic Screens in Haploid Human Cells

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. e39651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidia M. Duncan ◽  
Richard T. Timms ◽  
Eszter Zavodszky ◽  
Florencia Cano ◽  
Gordon Dougan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Selection ◽  
Human Cells ◽  
Genetic Screens ◽  
Forward Genetic Screens
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