scholarly journals Jack of all trades, master of each: the diversity of fibroblast growth factor signalling in eye development

Open Biology ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neoklis Makrides ◽  
Qian Wang ◽  
Chenqi Tao ◽  
Samuel Schwartz ◽  
Xin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Ocular Tissues ◽  
Ocular Development ◽  
Growth Factor Signalling ◽  
Fgf Signalling ◽  
Multicellular Organisms

A central question in development biology is how a limited set of signalling pathways can instruct unlimited diversity of multicellular organisms. In this review, we use three ocular tissues as models of increasing complexity to present the astounding versatility of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signalling. In the lacrimal gland, we highlight the specificity of FGF signalling in a one-dimensional model of budding morphogenesis. In the lens, we showcase the dynamics of FGF signalling in altering functional outcomes in a two-dimensional space. In the retina, we present the prolific utilization of FGF signalling from three-dimensional development to homeostasis. These examples not only shed light on the cellular basis for the perfection and complexity of ocular development, but also serve as paradigms for the diversity of FGF signalling.

scholarly journals The interplay of matrix metalloproteinases, morphogens and growth factors is necessary for branching of mammary epithelial cells

Development ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 128 (16) ◽  
pp. 3117-3131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Simian ◽  
Yohei Hirai ◽  
Marc Navre ◽  
Zena Werb ◽  
Andre Lochter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Mammary Epithelial Cell ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Branching Morphogenesis ◽  
Mammary Epithelial ◽  
Fibroblast Growth

The mammary gland develops its adult form by a process referred to as branching morphogenesis. Many factors have been reported to affect this process. We have used cultured primary mammary epithelial organoids and mammary epithelial cell lines in three-dimensional collagen gels to elucidate which growth factors, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and mammary morphogens interact in branching morphogenesis. Branching stimulated by stromal fibroblasts, epidermal growth factor, fibroblast growth factor 7, fibroblast growth factor 2 and hepatocyte growth factor was strongly reduced by inhibitors of MMPs, indicating the requirement of MMPs for three-dimensional growth involved in morphogenesis. Recombinant stromelysin 1/MMP3 alone was sufficient to drive branching in the absence of growth factors in the organoids. Plasmin also stimulated branching; however, plasmin-dependent branching was abolished by both inhibitors of plasmin and MMPs, suggesting that plasmin activates MMPs. To differentiate between signals for proliferation and morphogenesis, we used a cloned mammary epithelial cell line that lacks epimorphin, an essential mammary morphogen. Both epimorphin and MMPs were required for morphogenesis, but neither was required for epithelial cell proliferation. These results provide direct evidence for a crucial role of MMPs in branching in mammary epithelium and suggest that, in addition to epimorphin, MMP activity is a minimum requirement for branching morphogenesis in the mammary gland.

scholarly journals Fibroblast growth factor signalling induces loss of progesterone receptor in breast cancer cells

Oncotarget ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (52) ◽  
pp. 86011-86025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominika Piasecka ◽  
Kamila Kitowska ◽  
Dominika Czaplinska ◽  
Kamil Mieczkowski ◽  
Magdalena Mieszkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Progesterone Receptor ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Growth Factor Signalling

Fibroblast growth factor signalling in osteoarthritis and cartilage repair

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 547-564
Author(s):  
Yangli Xie ◽  
Allen Zinkle ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
Moosa Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Cartilage Repair ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Growth Factor Signalling ◽  
And Cartilage
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