scholarly journals The potential of electricity transmission corridors in forested areas as bumblebee habitat

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 160525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Hill ◽  
Ignasi Bartomeus
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Current Management ◽  
Electricity Transmission ◽  
Main Determinant ◽  
Pollinator Abundance ◽  
Management Regime ◽  
Natural Grasslands ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

Declines in pollinator abundance and diversity are not only a conservation issue, but also a threat to crop pollination. Maintained infrastructure corridors, such as those containing electricity transmission lines, are potentially important wild pollinator habitat. However, there is a lack of evidence comparing the abundance and diversity of wild pollinators in transmission corridors with other important pollinator habitats. We compared the diversity of a key pollinator group, bumblebees ( Bombus spp.), between transmission corridors and the surrounding semi-natural and managed habitat types at 10 sites across Sweden's Uppland region. Our results show that transmission corridors have no impact on bumblebee diversity in the surrounding area. However, transmission corridors and other maintained habitats such as roadsides have a level of bumblebee abundance and diversity comparable to semi-natural grasslands and host species that are important for conservation and ecosystem service provision. Under the current management regime, transmission corridors already provide valuable bumblebee habitat, but given that host plant density is the main determinant of bumblebee abundance, these areas could potentially be enhanced by establishing and maintaining key host plants. We show that in northern temperate regions the maintenance of transmission corridors has the potential to contribute to bumblebee conservation and the ecosystem services they provide.

scholarly journals The potential of electricity transmission corridors in forested areas as bumble bee habitat

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Hill ◽  
Ignasi Bartomeus
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Bumble Bees ◽  
Bumble Bee ◽  
Electricity Transmission ◽  
Pollinator Abundance ◽  
Management Regime ◽  
Natural Grasslands ◽  
Bee Conservation ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

AbstractDeclines in pollinator abundance and diversity are not only a conservation issue but also a threat to crop pollination. Maintained infrastructure corridors, such as those containing electricity transmission lines, are potentially important wild pollinator habitat. However, there is a lack of evidence comparing the abundance and diversity of wild pollinators in transmission corridors with other important pollinator habitats. We compared the diversity of a key pollinator group, bumble bees (Bombus spp.), between transmission corridors and the surrounding semi-natural and managed habitat types at ten sites across Sweden’s Uppland region. Our results show that transmission corridors have no impact on bumble bee diversity in the surrounding area. However, transmission corridors and other maintained habitats have a level of bumble bees abundance and diversity comparable to semi-natural grasslands and host species that are important for conservation and ecosystem service provision. Under the current management regime, transmission corridors already provide valuable bumble bee habitat, but given that host plant density is the main determinant of bumble bee abundance, these areas could potentially be enhanced by establishing and maintaining key host plants. We show that in northern temperate regions the maintenance of transmission corridors has the potential to contribute to bumble bee conservation and the ecosystem services they provide.

scholarly journals Stratigraphy, mammalian paleontology, paleoecology, and age correlation of the Wasatch Formation, Fossil Butte National Monument, Wyoming

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 981-1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregg F. Gunnell ◽  
John-Paul Zonneveld ◽  
William S. Bartels
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Green River Formation ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Green River ◽  
National Monument ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
Water Courses ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

AbstractFieldwork conducted in the Wasatch Formation in and around Fossil Butte has yielded a diverse assemblage of early Eocene vertebrates. Fossil vertebrates are distributed through three discrete stratigraphic intervals within the uppermost 180 m of the main body of the Wasatch Formation underlying the Green River Formation. These assemblages were derived primarily from fluvial overbank mudstone units overprinted with variably well-developed paleosols. The lowest (20 m) and highest (60 m) sections are characterized by less mature and more hydromorphic paleosols, whereas the middle section (100 m) is typified by more mature paleosols and more abundant channel sandstones.The combined assemblages contain at least 46 species of mammals. Faunal characteristics include high abundances of equid perissodactyls and a relatively high abundance and diversity of notharctines primates, an apparent absence of omomyid primates, relatively high rodent diversity, and relatively diverse and abundant artiodactyls. One new genus (Eoictopsnew genus) and three new species (Eoictops novacekinew species,Palaeosinopa lacusnew species, and ?Notoparamys blochinew species) are included in the Fossil Butte assemblage. Also recorded are late occurrences of two hyopsodontid condylarths and an early occurrence of a rare phenacodontid condylarth. The relatively high abundances of equids and notharctines suggest that vertebrate samples were derived from relatively open paleohabitats that included forested areas along water courses.All three assemblages contain characteristic Lysitean (Wasatchian biochron Wa-6) elements, but the occurrence of the palaeotheriid perissodactylLambdotheriumin the uppermost horizon indicates a Lostcabinian (Wa-7) age for at least the top of the Wasatch Formation. The overlying predominantly fish-bearing Fossil Butte Member of the Green River Formation also containsLambdotheriumand is therefore Wa-7 in age as well.

scholarly journals The best wildflowers for wild bees

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 819-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel N. Nichols ◽  
Dave Goulson ◽  
John M. Holland
Keyword(s):  
Native Bees ◽  
Convolvulus Arvensis ◽  
Wild Bees ◽  
Pollinator Abundance ◽  
Wild Bee ◽  
Anthyllis Vulneraria ◽  
Important Food Source ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Species Being

Abstract Governmental agri-environment schemes (AES) aim to improve pollinator abundance and diversity on farmland by sowing wildflower seed mixes. These often contain high proportions of Fabaceae, particularly Trifolium (clovers), which are attractive to some bumblebee species, but not to most of the ~ 240 solitary bee species in the UK. Here we identify wildflowers that are attractive to a greater range of wild bee species. Forty-five wildflower species being farmed for commercial seed production on a single farm were surveyed for native bees. Bee walks were conducted through discrete wildflower areas from April until August in 2018. The results indicate that including a range of Apiaceae, Asteraceae, and Geraniaceae in seed mixes would cater for a wide diversity of bee species. A total of 14 wildflower species across nine families attracted 37 out of the 40 bee species recorded on the farm, and accounted for 99.7% of all visitations. Only two of these 14 species are included in current AES pollinator mixes. Unexpectedly, few visits were made by bumblebees to Trifolium spp. (0.5%), despite their being considered an important food source for bumblebees, while Anthyllis vulneraria and Geranium pratense were highly attractive. For solitary bees, Crepis capillaris, Sinapsis arvensis, Convolvulus arvensis and Chaerophyllum temulum were amongst the best performing species, none of which are usually included in sown flower mixes. We suggest that the standard ‘pollinator’ mixes used in AES might be updated to include some of these wildflower species, and trialled as seed mixes on farmland.

scholarly journals “Farming with Alternative Pollinators” approach increases pollinator abundance and diversity in faba bean fields

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahlam Sentil ◽  
Patrick Lhomme ◽  
Denis Michez ◽  
Sara Reverté ◽  
Pierre Rasmont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Faba Bean ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Pollinator Decline ◽  
Flower Visitor ◽  
North West ◽  
Pollinator Abundance ◽  
Main Crop ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Habitat Enhancement ◽  
The Impact

AbstractPollinators are threatened worldwide and strategies and measures to support their conservation are proliferating. Among them, the approach “Farming with Alternative Pollinators” (FAP) aims to support pollinators by seeding strips of pollinator-attracting cultivated plants surrounding the crops, and simultaneously providing income to the farmer. In this study we assessed whether this approach supports pollinator diversity in agro-ecosystems and increases flower visitor diversity and abundance in faba bean fields in north-west Morocco. We tested the impact of FAP using a variety of marketable habitat enhancement plants (MHEP): flax, coriander, arugula, chia and canola. A total of 62 pollinator species were recorded, among which almost half of them are new records for the region. Most wild pollinators recorded in faba bean were digger bees (genus Anthophora) and long-horn bees (genus Eucera). MHEP shared diverse flower visitors with faba bean and hosted diverse pollinator groups that did not meet their food requirements from the main crop. The FAP approach highly increased flower visitor abundance and diversity in the whole FAP fields, however it did not generate significant pollinator spillover towards the main crop. Implications for insect conservation: our results show that the FAP approach is an effective approach to mitigate pollinator decline in agro-ecosystems.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF TRANSIENT PROCESSES IN HIGH-VOLTAGE TRANSMISSION LINES 6–10 KV AND DEVELOPMENT OF MICROELECTRONIC SPECIAL PROCESSOR OF RELAY PROTECTION, INVARIANT TO CHANGE IN AMPLITUDES OF PHASE CURRENTS

2018 ◽  
pp. 57-83
Author(s):  
О. P. Liura ◽  
N. Ya. Vozna ◽  
Ya. M. Nykolaichuk
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Relay Protection ◽  
Electricity Transmission ◽  
Short Circuits ◽  
Special Processor ◽  
The Given ◽  
Structural Solutions ◽  
Fast Acting

The fast-acting algorithms of exposure and invariant authentication of transients in the lines of electricity transmission as load surge, short circuits and start of powerful electric engines were developed; based on that, the functions of relay defense device of high-voltage lines of electricity transmission were determined. The given structure of small, microelectronic fast-acting device of relay defense is with the extended functional possibilities of recognition of load surge and defense of high-voltage lines of electricity transmission from short circuits, the syntax of his functions was presented. This device can be used for load surge recognition and short circuits, invariant to the size of increase currents in the separate phases of electric lines. It allowed successful application of the developed method and device for simultaneous recognition of load surge, short circuits and starting of powerful electric engines. The information technology of designing structural solutions of relay protection special processor for high-voltage electricity transmission lines was presented.

scholarly journals Is soil management system really important? comparison of microbial community diversity and structure in soils managed under organic and conventional regimes with some view on soil properties

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0256969
Author(s):  
Kamila Rachwał ◽  
Klaudia Gustaw ◽  
Waldemar Kazimierczak ◽  
Adam Waśko
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Management Regime ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The fertility and productive value of soil are closely related to the physical and chemical properties of the soil as well as its biological activity. This activity is related to the intensity of microbially catalysed processes of transformation of organic and mineral substances contained in the soil. These processes are closely correlated with the abundance and biodiversity of soil microorganisms, especially bacteria, and the activity of enzymes produced by them. In this article we have compared some physicochemical properties of soil derived from conventional and organic farms and microbial communities inhabiting these ecosystems. We aim to investigate whether the soil management regime affects the abundance and diversity of these environments in terms of bacteria. Some differences in microbial communities were observed, but the rhizosphere of plants from organic and conventional soils does not harbour separate microbiomes. Albeit, the method of fertilization influences the diversity of soil microorganisms. A greater diversity of bacteria was observed in soils from farms where organic fertilizers were applied. Soil pH and activity of some soil enzymes were also shown to differ between organic and conventional soil cropping systems.

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