scholarly journals Integrating multiple technologies to understand the foraging behaviour of Hawaiian monk seals

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 160703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenady Wilson ◽  
Charles Littnan ◽  
Patrick Halpin ◽  
Andrew Read
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Hawaiian Islands ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Dive Depth ◽  
Body Motion ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Overall Dynamic Body Acceleration ◽  
Bayesian Logistic Regression ◽  
Monk Seals

The objective of this research was to investigate and describe the foraging behaviour of monk seals in the main Hawaiian Islands. Specifically, our goal was to identify a metric to classify foraging behaviour from telemetry instruments. We deployed accelerometers, seal-mounted cameras and GPS tags on six monk seals during 2012–2014 on the islands of Molokai, Kauai and Oahu. We used pitch, calculated from the accelerometer, to identify search events and thus classify foraging dives. A search event and consequent ‘foraging dive’ occurred when the pitch was greater than or equal to 70° at a depth less than or equal to −3 m. By integrating data from the accelerometers with video and GPS, we were able to ground-truth this classification method and identify environmental variables associated with each foraging dive. We used Bayesian logistic regression to identify the variables that influenced search events. Dive depth, body motion (mean overall dynamic body acceleration during the dive) and proximity to the sea floor were the best predictors of search events for these seals. Search events typically occurred on long, deep dives, with more time spent at the bottom (more than 50% bottom time). We can now identify where monk seals are foraging in the main Hawaiian Islands (MHI) and what covariates influence foraging behaviour in this region. This increased understanding will inform management strategies and supplement outreach and recovery efforts.

Foraging patterns of Antarctic minke whales in McMurdo Sound, Ross Sea

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 454-465
Author(s):  
David G. Ainley ◽  
Trevor W. Joyce ◽  
Ben Saenz ◽  
Robert L. Pitman ◽  
John W. Durban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Ross Sea ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Dive Depth ◽  
Remotely Operated Vehicle ◽  
Mcmurdo Sound ◽  
Minke Whales ◽  
Fast Ice ◽  
Antarctic Silverfish ◽  
Ice Edge

AbstractEvidence indicates that Antarctic minke whales (AMWs) in the Ross Sea affect the foraging behaviour, especially diet, of sympatric Adélie penguins (ADPEs) by, we hypothesize, influencing the availability of prey they have in common, mainly crystal krill. To further investigate this interaction, we undertook a study in McMurdo Sound during 2012–2013 and 2014–2015 using telemetry and biologging of whales and penguins, shore-based observations and quantification of the preyscape. The 3D distribution and density of prey were assessed using a remotely operated vehicle deployed along and to the interior of the fast-ice edge where AMWs and ADPEs focused their foraging. Acoustic surveys of prey and foraging behaviour of predators indicate that prey remained abundant under the fast ice, becoming successively available to air-breathing predators only as the fast ice retreated. Over both seasons, the ADPE diet included less krill and more Antarctic silverfish once AMWs became abundant, but the penguins' foraging behaviour (i.e. time spent foraging, dive depth, distance from colony) did not change. In addition, over time, krill abundance decreased in the upper water column near the ice edge, consistent with the hypothesis (and previously gathered information) that AMW and ADPE foraging contributed to an alteration of prey availability.

The sea floor north of the eastern Hawaiian Islands

1966 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Moberly ◽  
F.W. McCoy
Keyword(s):  
Hawaiian Islands ◽  
Sea Floor

scholarly journals Foraging interaction between monk seals and large predatory fish in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 299-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
FA Parrish ◽  
GJ Marshall ◽  
B Buhleier ◽  
GA Antonelis
Keyword(s):  
Hawaiian Islands ◽  
Predatory Fish ◽  
Northwestern Hawaiian Islands ◽  
Monk Seals

scholarly journals Validating a Traffic Conflict Prediction Technique for Motorways Using a Simulation Approach

Sensors ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 566
Author(s):  
Nicolette Formosa ◽  
Mohammed Quddus ◽  
Alkis Papadoulis ◽  
Andrew Timmis
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Prediction Algorithm ◽  
Lane Change ◽  
Prediction Ability ◽  
Integrated Simulation ◽  
Traffic Conflict ◽  
Conflict Prediction

With the ever-increasing advancements in the technology of driver assistant systems, there is a need for a comprehensive way to identify traffic conflicts to avoid collisions. Although significant research efforts have been devoted to traffic conflict techniques applied for junctions, there is dearth of research on these methods for motorways. This paper presents the validation of a traffic conflict prediction algorithm applied to a motorway scenario in a simulated environment. An automatic video analysis system was developed to identify lane change and rear-end conflicts as ground truth. Using these conflicts, the prediction ability of the traffic conflict technique was validated in an integrated simulation framework. This framework consisted of a sub-microscopic simulator, which provided an appropriate testbed to accurately simulate the components of an intelligent vehicle, and a microscopic traffic simulator able to generate the surrounding traffic. Results from this framework show that for a 10% false alarm rate, approximately 80% and 73% of rear-end and lane change conflicts were accurately predicted, respectively. Despite the fact that the algorithm was not trained using the virtual data, the sensitivity was high. This highlights the transferability of the algorithm to similar road networks, providing a benchmark for the identification of traffic conflict and a relevant step for developing safety management strategies for autonomous vehicles.

scholarly journals Long-term memory for a learned behaviour in a wild bird

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 20190912
Author(s):  
Rachael C. Shaw ◽  
Annette Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Food Reward ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
The North ◽  
Term Retention ◽  
Long Term Retention

Long-term memory is a crucial adaptation for long-lived species. However, there have been few tests of the long-term retention of learned behaviours in free living, wild animals. Here, we demonstrate that the North Island robin ( Petroica longipes ; hereafter toutouwai) can recall a learned foraging behaviour for close to 2 years, with no intervening reinforcement. Birds that had been trained to peck open lids to retrieve a concealed food reward spontaneously solved a lid opening task between 10 and 22 months since they had last encountered the lid opening apparatus. By contrast, naive individuals could not solve the task. This long-term retention of a learned skill with no reinforcement, spanning over a quarter of the median age for wild toutouwai in our population, suggests that this threatened species may be an ideal candidate for conservation management strategies aimed at teaching individuals about novel threats and resources.

scholarly journals Population‐level impacts of natural and anthropogenic causes‐of‐death for Hawaiian monk seals in the main Hawaiian Islands

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert L. Harting ◽  
Michelle M. Barbieri ◽  
Jason D. Baker ◽  
Tracy A. Mercer ◽  
Thea C. Johanos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Hawaiian Islands ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Monk Seals

Habitat selection by helmeted honeyeaters

1994 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
JL Pearce ◽  
MA Burgman ◽  
DC Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Habitat Management ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Habitat Models ◽  
State Nature Reserve ◽  
State Nature

The realised niche of the helmeted honeyeater, in terms of the floristic and structural attributes of the vegetation, was determined using logistic discrimination. The vegetation was divided into two communities, Eucalyptus camphora swampland and E. viminalis-dominated riparian forest, based on differences observed in other studies on foraging behaviour within these two communities. The variables describing the realised niche of the helmeted honeyeater in the E. camphora community were a high bark index, a large number of E. camphora stems and the presence of surface water. The results for the E. viminalis community were less conclusive, but suggest that a deep eucalypt canopy may be important. These variables relate to the feeding and breeding biology of the helmeted honeyeater. Habitat models of this form will allow appropriate habitat management strategies for Yellingbo State Nature Reserve to be developed, as well as allow the suitability of potential helmeted honeyeater release or relocation sites to be assessed.

scholarly journals Long-term memory for a learned behaviour in a wild bird

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael Shaw ◽  
A Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Food Reward ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
The North ◽  
Term Retention ◽  
Long Term Retention

© 2020 The Authors. Long-term memory is a crucial adaptation for long-lived species. However, there have been few tests of the long-term retention of learned behaviours in free living, wild animals. Here, we demonstrate that the North Island robin (Petroica longipes; hereafter toutouwai) can recall a learned foraging behaviour for close to 2 years, with no intervening reinforcement. Birds that had been trained to peck open lids to retrieve a concealed food reward spontaneously solved a lid opening task between 10 and 22 months since they had last encountered the lid opening apparatus. By contrast, naive individuals could not solve the task. This long-term retention of a learned skill with no reinforcement, spanning over a quarter of the median age for wild toutouwai in our population, suggests that this threatened species may be an ideal candidate for conservation management strategies aimed at teaching individuals about novel threats and resources.

scholarly journals Long-term memory for a learned behaviour in a wild bird

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael Shaw ◽  
A Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Food Reward ◽  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
The North ◽  
Term Retention ◽  
Long Term Retention

© 2020 The Authors. Long-term memory is a crucial adaptation for long-lived species. However, there have been few tests of the long-term retention of learned behaviours in free living, wild animals. Here, we demonstrate that the North Island robin (Petroica longipes; hereafter toutouwai) can recall a learned foraging behaviour for close to 2 years, with no intervening reinforcement. Birds that had been trained to peck open lids to retrieve a concealed food reward spontaneously solved a lid opening task between 10 and 22 months since they had last encountered the lid opening apparatus. By contrast, naive individuals could not solve the task. This long-term retention of a learned skill with no reinforcement, spanning over a quarter of the median age for wild toutouwai in our population, suggests that this threatened species may be an ideal candidate for conservation management strategies aimed at teaching individuals about novel threats and resources.

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