Some industrial problems of aerosol polution

1968 ◽  
Vol 307 (1489) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sulphur Dioxide ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
Fine Dust ◽  
Intensive Research ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Considerable Success ◽  
Fuel Burning ◽  
Industrial Group ◽  
Exact Figure

Industry deals with vast quantities of materials, many of which are in a finely divided state and can give rise to dust problems. If we include in our industrial group the large fuel-burning complexes, such as power stations and refineries, we find that nearly a million tons of fine dust is discharged annually into the atmosphere over Britain, as well as over 6 million tons of sulphur dioxide. A good deal of intensive research has been undertaken to investigate the problems of control of the inevitable emissions, and considerable success has been achieved. While it is difficult to give an exact figure for the amount of dust recovered because of the wide variation in the standards adopted by the different industries, it is probable that over 98% of the dust produced by industry is extracted from the effluent gases before discharge.

scholarly journals Nanocatalysts in Olefins and Dienes Polymerization Processes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Fuzuli A Nasirov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Critical Points ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Catalytic Reactions ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Homogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Intensive Research ◽  
Considerable Success ◽  
Published Research

Sustainable development, the design of green and economically feasible processes to produce synthetic polymers is one of the major needs and biggest challenges. Catalysis of polymerization processes is among the most important applications within the field of nanoscience. Intensive research is being conducted and considerable success has been achieved in the heterogenization of various homogeneous catalysts on nano supports for polymerization of olefins and dienes. The large surface area of various nanomaterials qualifies them quite naturally to act either as a heterogeneous promoter for catalytic reactions or as a support for the heterogenization of homogeneous catalysts. To the polymerization of olefins and dienes by using nanocatalysts are devoted significant numbers of published papers, but to elucidate the possible effect of both the type and properties of nano supports and their sizes and amounts on the activity and stereoselectivity of heterogenized catalysts and the properties of the obtained polymers are needed more detailed studies. This review attempted to collect some published research materials in the field of the nanocatalysis of olefins and dienes polymerization processes and our main aim is to assess the critical points and to indicate the future perspectives and possible strategies in this area of research. We are confident that this review will be a helpful companion and deliver key hints to those, in academia and in the industry, who decide to move their research interest in this direction

scholarly journals Factors of enterprise value - the privatization of ‘Sidex Galati’ Romania (case study)

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 466-475
Author(s):  
Madalina Viorica Ion
Keyword(s):  
Steel Industry ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
Bank Loans ◽  
Enterprise Value ◽  
High Profile ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Exact Figure ◽  
International Transactions ◽  
Steel Market

Abstract The enterprise value is central in business transactions (i.e. mergers and acquisitions, entrance of new shareholders or exit, bank loans), privatization of state-owned companies, etc., when the seller and the buyer confront each other’s business valuations trying to identify as many weaknesses as possible on the other side. Such important value as the enterprise’ is not an exact figure that can be calculated with precision at a certain date for a certain company, but an approximation that both buyer and seller may consider in each other’s attempt to close a good deal for himself/ herself. The valuation approach in this paper is a market method for business investments and comparable sales. This retrospective analysis of a major privatization in the Romanian steel industry - when the industry’s 'giant' was sold by the Romanian State - aims to identify key factors of the enterprise value in the context of international transactions. This was a high-profile privatization of great significance for the European steel industry and this analysis aims to understand enterprise value in order to model it. For this purpose, the article takes into consideration the information available regarding the privatization of Sidex Galați, the relevant literature and the author’s experience, supplemented by the information from the post-privatization evolution of the Romanian steel enterprise. As a result, the article draws lessons and concludes on determining factors of enterprise value, such as assets, solvency, company's history, cash flow, taxation etc., while the price transaction in the case of the privatization of Romanian steel enterprises was also influenced by exogenous factors, such as the steel market, the State's need for revenues, the controlling package of the company sold, etc.

scholarly journals Quantifying South Africa’s sulphur dioxide emission efficiency in coal-powered electricity generation by fitting the three-parameter log-logistic distribution

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maseapei Elizabeth Girmay ◽  
Delson Chikobvu
Keyword(s):  
Sulphur Dioxide ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Method ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Logistic Distribution ◽  
So2 Emissions ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
Anderson Darling ◽  
Sulphur Dioxide Emission

This paper fits the three-parameter log-logistic (3LL) distribution to sulphur dioxide (SO2) monthly emissions in kilograms per gigawatt hour (kg/GWh) and in milligrams per cubic nano metre (mg/Nm3), at 13 of Eskom’s coal fired power-generating stations in South Africa. The aim is to quantify and describe the emission of sulphur dioxide at these stations using a statistical distribution, and to also estimate the probabilities of extreme emissions and exceedances (emissions above a certain threshold). Using the 3LL distribution is proposed as such a distribution. The log-logistic distribution is a special form of a Burr-type distribution. Various goodness-of-fit measures, including the Kolmogorov Smirnov, the Anderson Darling and some graphical tests, are employed to test if the 3LL distribution is a good fit to the data. The maximum likelihood method is used to estimate the parameters. The distribution fit is important as it then becomes possible to quantify and manage the SO2 emissions effectively. The 3LL distribution, which is compared with three other distributions, gave the best overall fit to most of the power stations.  Keywords: emission, Eskom, log logistic distribution, goodness of fit, sulphur dioxide, Burr-type distributionHighlightsQuantification of SO2 emissions in terms of a statistical distributionCalculating the probability of SO2 emissions exceeding certain specified limitsRanking power stations in terms of SO2 emissions efficiency

The Research Branch of the Industrial Group of the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority

1959 ◽  
Vol 249 (1256) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Atomic Energy ◽  
Energy Industry ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Atomic Energy Authority ◽  
Industrial Group ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Many

The atomic energy industry of this country has become a large and complex undertaking, comprising the Research, Industrial and Weapons Groups of the Atomic Energy Authority itself; the industrial consortia which have been set up to design and build nuclear power stations; the many industrial concerns associated with the Atomic Energy Authority in the development or supply of materials or equipment, and finally the electricity supply undertakings. Some research and development activities are carried on by all these bodies, either in collaboration with the Atomic Energy Authority or individually, and in total a significant part of the research effort of the country is applied to the development of atomic energy. It is important, therefore, that what is done should be well known and as far as possible open to inspection so that there can be a reasonable general assurance that the work is well conducted.

Triple Fixation For Electron Microscopy

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 90-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Hayat
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Myelin Sheath ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
Granular Structure ◽  
Oxidizing Agent ◽  
Fixation Technique ◽  
Large Clusters

Potassium permanganate has been successfully employed to study membranous structures such as endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi, plastids, plasma membrane and myelin sheath. Since KMnO4 is a strong oxidizing agent, deposition of manganese or its oxides account for some of the observed contrast in the lipoprotein membranes, but a good deal of it is due to the removal of background proteins either by dehydration agents or by volatalization under the electron beam. Tissues fixed with KMnO4 exhibit somewhat granular structure because of the deposition of large clusters of stain molecules. The gross arrangement of membranes can also be modified. Since the aim of a good fixation technique is to preserve satisfactorily the cell as a whole and not the best preservation of only a small part of it, a combination of a mixture of glutaraldehyde and acrolein to obtain general preservation and KMnO4 to enhance contrast was employed to fix plant embryos, green algae and fungi.

An evaluation of the equipment tagging process in nuclear power stations

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Doyle ◽  
Lothar Schroeder ◽  
Stephen Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Stations
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