scholarly journals On the peculiar morphology of a trypanosome from a case of sleeping sickness and the possibility of its being a new species ( T. rhodesiense )

1910 ◽  
Vol 83 (561) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Advisory Committee ◽  
Laboratory Strain ◽  
Sleeping Sickness ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
Research Fund ◽  
Joint Work ◽  
North East ◽  
History Of ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Glossina Palpalis

As already stated in a report to the Advisory Committee for the Tropical Diseases Research Fund, dated May 9, 1910, I noticed early in February, 1910, while examining in class work a stained specimen of rat’s blood infected with what was supposed to be T. gambiense , a marked peculiarity in the morphology. This peculiarity was so striking that I doubted whether the trypanosome with which I was dealing was really T. gambiense . On making enquiries I was told that the strain was derived from a case of Sleeping Sickness then in Prof. Ross’s clinic in the Royal Southern Hospital, Liverpool. To make certain that there was no error in this statement I myself infected a rat from the patient’s blood. The same forms were, however, again encountered. After convincing myself that these forms were constantly present in infected rats, and that they were not shown by the rats infected with the old laboratory strain of T. gambiense maintained at the Runcorn Laboratory, I decided through pressure of work to ask Dr. Fantham (now working in the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, under funds allotted by the Advisory Committee for the Tropical Diseases Research Fund) to be so good as to assist me in the description of the morphology of this trypanosome. The following paper is the outcome of our joint work.—[J. W. W. Stephens.] History of the Strain . The trypanosomes used during this investigation were obtained from W. A., male, aged 26, a native of Northumberland, who was infected in North-East Rhodesia in September, 1909. It is necessary to set forth the itinerary of W. A. while in Africa, as he was never actually in an area infested with Glossina palpalis , so far as records are available, and indeed was never nearer (Kasama) than some 86 miles from such an area.

scholarly journals The pathogenic agent is a case of human trypanosomiasis in Nyasaland

1911 ◽  
Vol 84 (570) ◽  
pp. 156-160 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Headache ◽  
Sleeping Sickness ◽  
Case Patient ◽  
Pathogenic Agent ◽  
North East ◽  
Short Summary ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Experienced Pain ◽  
History Of ◽  
Glossina Palpalis

Up to the time of writing, nearly 40 cases of trypanosomiasis have been discovered in Nyasaland, whereas Glossina palpalis , notwithstanding much careful searching, has not, as yet, been found in the Protectorate. In view of this fact and also of the observation that the trypanosome derived from a case of Sleeping Sickness contracted in North-East Rhodesia has been shown to present certain peculiarities both morphological and also regarding its pathogenicity in experimental animals, it appeared to us desirable to examine in some detail the parasite derived from a case to human trypanosomiasis infected in Nyasaland. The trypanosome to which this paper refers was obtained from the blood of Mr. R., Case 12 in the Nyasaland Sleeping Sickness Diary. The following is a short summary of the history of this case:—Patient entered the Protectorate viâ Chinde and Blantyre. Left Blantyre for Angoniland on June 27, 1910. July 1, arrived at Mlanda where he remained four days. July 6, travelled to Mpatso viâ Mpungi, and Dedza, thence to Mt. Dzobwe, 40 miles west, and back. July 19, left Mpatso for Diampwi, where he remained until the 23rd. On the 24th he arrived at Mkoma. July 28, reaches Mvera, where he remained for about a fortnight. During his stay here he saw a case of trypanosomiasis. The patient was lying in the open air and Mr. R. did not approach within several yards. August 13, left Mvera on a shooting trip and spent the next day at Maganga’s village on the lake shore. On August 15 he went to Patsamjoka, where he remained for two days. August 17, arrived at Nsarula on the Lintipe river. Here he was severely bitten by tsetse (species not recognised). August 18, returned to Mvera. August 19, arrived at Kongwe and complained that the bites in the neck were painful; the next day he felt ill. August 23, neck examined by one of his companions, and a “lump” about the size of a shilling, rather light in colour and surrounded by a dark purple ring, was found in the sub-occipital region, where he had been bitten by fly and where he had experienced pain ever since. During the next few days patient complained of severe headache. Temperature 102·5—104° F. Neck, swollen and painful; face, puffy. August 31, blood examined and trypanosomes found in large numbers.

scholarly journals Glasgow encounters with tropical diseases

Parasitology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 144 (12) ◽  
pp. 1561-1566
Author(s):  
FRANCIS E. G. COX
Keyword(s):  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Sleeping Sickness ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
African Sleeping Sickness ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
The Tropics

SUMMARYThe period 1875–1925 was remarkable in the history of parasitology mainly for the elucidation of the life cycles of parasites causing important parasitic diseases and the incrimination of vectors in their transmission. These discoveries were made by a small number of scientists working in the tropics a number of whom were Scots. Sir Patrick Manson, the discoverer of the mosquito transmission of filarial worms, was instrumental in directly or indirectly encouraging other Scots including Douglas Argyll-Robertson, David Blacklock, David Bruce, David Cunningham, Robert Leiper, William Leishman, George Low, Muriel Robertson and Ronald Ross, who all made significant discoveries across a wide spectrum of tropical diseases. Among these, William Leishman, Robert Leiper and Muriel Robertson were all graduates of the University of Glasgow and their achievements in the fields of leishmaniasis, schistosomiasis, dracunculiasis and African sleeping sickness, together with subsequent developments in these fields, are the subjects of the ten papers in this Special Issue of Parasitology.

The life-history of Trypanosoma gambiense and Trypanosoma rhodesiense as seen in rats and guinea-pigs

1911 ◽  
Vol 83 (563) ◽  
pp. 212-227 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Difficult Problem ◽  
Tropical Medicine ◽  
Vertebrate Host ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
Research Fund ◽  
History Of ◽  
Trypanosoma Gambiense

The researches recorded in this paper were undertaken at the suggestion of Major Ross, who wished me to investigate the parasitological aspect of the numerical cyclical development discovered by him and Dr. D. Thomson (1910) in the trypanosome occurring in a patient suffering from Sleeping Sickness contracted in Rhodesia, particularly as regards the possible connection of the latent bodies of Salvin-Moore and Breinl (1907) with that cycle. The investigations have been conducted in the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, under a grant from the Tropical Diseases Research Fund. A complete and generally accepted life cycle of Trypanosoma gambiense has yet to be written. The following paper is offered as a contribution to the solution of this difficult problem, and deals with that portion of the life history of the parasite which takes place in a Vertebrate host.

scholarly journals Some enumerative studies on malarial fever

1910 ◽  
Vol 83 (562) ◽  
pp. 159-173 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Advisory Committee ◽  
Tropical Medicine ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
Research Fund ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Research Fellow ◽  
Blackwater Fever ◽  
Chemical Studies ◽  
The University

Prefatory Note by R. Ross .—Towards the end of last year the Advisory Committee for the Tropical Diseases Research Fund (Colonial Office) allotted considerable funds to the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine for researches to be carried out in Liverpool. This enabled us to commence, under my direction, a number of minute co-ordinated studies on cases admitted into the Tropical Ward of the Royal Southern Hospital—material which, though it offered pecuilar facilities for research, had long remained neglected owing to want of funds. The cases (occurring in the clinics of Dr. Macalister, Dr. Lloyd Roberts, and myself) were placed in charge of Dr. David Thomson; the chemical studies in charge of Dr. G. C. E. Simpson; the parasitological studies in charge Dr. H. B. Fantham. Parallel researches on animals were also assigned to Dr. John Thomson who is working under Sir Edward Durning-Lawrence’s fund the investigation of the effect of temperature on disease; Dr. V. T. Korke (Research Fellow) has studied coagulation times and other details; the literature was in charge of Mr. W. R. Drawz, the Malaria Bibliographer (Advisory Committee’s Fund); and much valuable help has been given by the staffs of the University, the School of Tropical Medicine, and the Royal Southern Hospital of Liverpool, and by Sister Linaker of the Tropical Ward. The researches were commenced on January 1, 1910. A paper by Dr. David Thomson and myself, describing a regular periodical increase of the trypanosomes in a case of Sleeping Sickness, was published; and we now present to the Society brief accounts of our results regarding malaria, blackwater fever, trypanosomiasis, and various therapeutical agencies, obtained (mostly by new methods) up to the end of July, 1910. Further details will be published, if necessary, in the ‘Annals of Tropical Medicine,’ Liverpool.

Ras al Khaimah: further archaeological discoveries

Antiquity ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 50 (200) ◽  
pp. 216-222
Author(s):  
Beatrice De Cardi
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
The State ◽  
Focused Attention ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

Ras a1 Khaimah is the most northerly of the seven states comprising the United Arab Emirates and its Ruler, H. H. Sheikh Saqr bin Mohammad al-Qasimi, is keenly interested in the history of the state and its people. Survey carried out there jointly with Dr D. B. Doe in 1968 had focused attention on the site of JuIfar which lies just north of the present town of Ras a1 Khaimah (de Cardi, 1971, 230-2). Julfar was in existence in Abbasid times and its importance as an entrep6t during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries-the Portuguese Period-is reflected by the quantity and variety of imported wares to be found among the ruins of the city. Most of the sites discovered during the survey dated from that period but a group of cairns near Ghalilah and some long gabled graves in the Shimal area to the north-east of the date-groves behind Ras a1 Khaimah (map, FIG. I) clearly represented a more distant past.

The Subaltern Speak- A Study On The Culture Of The Arunachalis With Special Reference To Mamang Dai’s The Legends Of Pensam

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Ms. Cheryl Antonette Dumenil ◽  
Dr. Cheryl Davis
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Small World ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Arunachal Pradesh ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East ◽  
Shared History ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Insight Into

North- East India is an under veiled region with an awe-inspiring landscape, different groups of ethnic people, their culture and heritage. Contemporary writers from this region aspire towards a vision outside the tapered ethnic channel, and they represent a shared history. In their writings, the cultural memory is showcased, and the intensity of feeling overflows the labour of technique and craft. Mamang Dai presents a rare glimpse into the ecology, culture, life of the tribal people and history of the land of the dawn-lit mountains, Arunachal Pradesh, through her novel The Legends of Pensam. The word ‘Pensam’ in the title means ‘in-between’,  but it may also be interpreted as ‘the hidden spaces of the heart’. This is a small world where anything can happen. Being adherents of the animistic faith, the tribes here believe in co-existence with the natural world along with the presence of spirits in their forests and rivers. This paper attempts to draw an insight into the culture and gender of the Arunachalis with special reference to The Legends of Pensam by Mamang Dai.

RUSSIAN-BELARUSIAN TUTORIAL "HISTORY OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR. ESSAYS ON THE SHARED HISTORY"

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-88
Author(s):  
Elena A. Kosovan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Joint Work ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
Shared History ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
History Of ◽  
Independent States ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Integration Project ◽  
Second World

The paper provides a review on the joint Russian-Belarusian tutorial “History of the Great Patriotic War. Essays on the Shared History” published for the 75th anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War. The tutorial was prepared within the project “Belarus and Russia. Essays on the Shared History”, implemented since 2018 and aimed at publishing a series of tutorials, which authors are major Russian and Belarusian historians, archivists, teachers, and other specialists in human sciences. From the author’s point of view, the joint work of specialists from the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus in such a format not only contributes to the deepening of humanitarian integration within the Union state, but also to the formation of a common educational system on the scale of the Commonwealth of Independent States or the Eurasian integration project (Eurasian Economic Union – EEU). The author emphasises the high research and educational significance of the publication reviewed when noting that the teaching of history in general and the history of the Second World War and the Great Patriotic War in particular in post-Soviet schools and institutes of higher education is complicated by many different issues and challenges (including external ones, which can be regarded as information aggression by various extra-regional actors).

Pregnancy outcomes of women with and without a history of anorexia nervosa

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 2651-2660 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Eagles ◽  
A. J. Lee ◽  
E. Amalraj Raja ◽  
H. R. Millar ◽  
S. Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
North East ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Obstetric Services ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

BackgroundWhen women have a history of anorexia nervosa (AN), the advice given about becoming pregnant, and about the management of pregnancies, has usually been cautious. This study compared the pregnancy outcomes of women with and without a history of AN.MethodWomen with a confirmed diagnosis of AN who had presented to psychiatric services in North East Scotland from 1965 to 2007 were identified. Those women with a pregnancy recorded in the Aberdeen Maternal and Neonatal Databank (AMND) were each matched by age, parity and year of delivery of their first baby with five women with no history of AN. Maternal and foetal outcomes were compared between these two groups of women. Comparisons were also made between the mothers with a history of AN and all other women in the AMND.ResultsA total of 134 women with a history of AN delivered 230 babies and the 670 matched women delivered 1144 babies. Mothers with AN delivered lighter babies but this difference did not persist after adjusting for maternal body mass index (BMI) in early pregnancy. Standardized birthweight (SBW) scores suggested that the AN mothers were more likely to produce babies with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) [relative risk (RR) 1.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11–2.13]. AN mothers were more likely to experience antepartum haemorrhage (RR 1.70, 95% CI 1.09–2.65).ConclusionsMothers with a history of AN are at increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. The magnitude of these risks is relatively small and should be appraised holistically by psychiatric and obstetric services.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document