scholarly journals Some enumerative studies on malarial fever

Prefatory Note by R. Ross .—Towards the end of last year the Advisory Committee for the Tropical Diseases Research Fund (Colonial Office) allotted considerable funds to the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine for researches to be carried out in Liverpool. This enabled us to commence, under my direction, a number of minute co-ordinated studies on cases admitted into the Tropical Ward of the Royal Southern Hospital—material which, though it offered pecuilar facilities for research, had long remained neglected owing to want of funds. The cases (occurring in the clinics of Dr. Macalister, Dr. Lloyd Roberts, and myself) were placed in charge of Dr. David Thomson; the chemical studies in charge of Dr. G. C. E. Simpson; the parasitological studies in charge Dr. H. B. Fantham. Parallel researches on animals were also assigned to Dr. John Thomson who is working under Sir Edward Durning-Lawrence’s fund the investigation of the effect of temperature on disease; Dr. V. T. Korke (Research Fellow) has studied coagulation times and other details; the literature was in charge of Mr. W. R. Drawz, the Malaria Bibliographer (Advisory Committee’s Fund); and much valuable help has been given by the staffs of the University, the School of Tropical Medicine, and the Royal Southern Hospital of Liverpool, and by Sister Linaker of the Tropical Ward. The researches were commenced on January 1, 1910. A paper by Dr. David Thomson and myself, describing a regular periodical increase of the trypanosomes in a case of Sleeping Sickness, was published; and we now present to the Society brief accounts of our results regarding malaria, blackwater fever, trypanosomiasis, and various therapeutical agencies, obtained (mostly by new methods) up to the end of July, 1910. Further details will be published, if necessary, in the ‘Annals of Tropical Medicine,’ Liverpool.

As already stated in a report to the Advisory Committee for the Tropical Diseases Research Fund, dated May 9, 1910, I noticed early in February, 1910, while examining in class work a stained specimen of rat’s blood infected with what was supposed to be T. gambiense , a marked peculiarity in the morphology. This peculiarity was so striking that I doubted whether the trypanosome with which I was dealing was really T. gambiense . On making enquiries I was told that the strain was derived from a case of Sleeping Sickness then in Prof. Ross’s clinic in the Royal Southern Hospital, Liverpool. To make certain that there was no error in this statement I myself infected a rat from the patient’s blood. The same forms were, however, again encountered. After convincing myself that these forms were constantly present in infected rats, and that they were not shown by the rats infected with the old laboratory strain of T. gambiense maintained at the Runcorn Laboratory, I decided through pressure of work to ask Dr. Fantham (now working in the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, under funds allotted by the Advisory Committee for the Tropical Diseases Research Fund) to be so good as to assist me in the description of the morphology of this trypanosome. The following paper is the outcome of our joint work.—[J. W. W. Stephens.] History of the Strain . The trypanosomes used during this investigation were obtained from W. A., male, aged 26, a native of Northumberland, who was infected in North-East Rhodesia in September, 1909. It is necessary to set forth the itinerary of W. A. while in Africa, as he was never actually in an area infested with Glossina palpalis , so far as records are available, and indeed was never nearer (Kasama) than some 86 miles from such an area.


The researches recorded in this paper were undertaken at the suggestion of Major Ross, who wished me to investigate the parasitological aspect of the numerical cyclical development discovered by him and Dr. D. Thomson (1910) in the trypanosome occurring in a patient suffering from Sleeping Sickness contracted in Rhodesia, particularly as regards the possible connection of the latent bodies of Salvin-Moore and Breinl (1907) with that cycle. The investigations have been conducted in the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, under a grant from the Tropical Diseases Research Fund. A complete and generally accepted life cycle of Trypanosoma gambiense has yet to be written. The following paper is offered as a contribution to the solution of this difficult problem, and deals with that portion of the life history of the parasite which takes place in a Vertebrate host.


1944 ◽  
Vol 4 (13) ◽  
pp. 523-545 ◽  

Warrington Yorke, who died on 24 April 1943, at the age of sixty, had been connected with the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine for thirty-six years, and at the time of his death was one of the most outstanding figures in this field of medicine. During the years following his first appointment in 1907, he took an active part in the work and development of the School, and created for himself a reputation as a teacher and research worker of the first order. His influence was world-wide, and was never greater than at the time of his untimely death, which deprived tropical medicine of one of its most resolute and distinguished leaders. Born at Lancaster on 11 April 1883, Warrington Yorke was the eldest of four brothers and two sisters. His father was a Wesleyan minister—the Rev. Henry Lefroy Yorke, M.A., B.D. He received his early education at University School, Southport, where he was a pupil for ten years. Following this he spent three years at Epworth College, Rhyl. In 1900 he entered the University of Liverpool as a medical student, and there had a distinguished career, being awarded the Senior Lyon Jones Scholarship and the Derby Exhibition in Clinical Medicine. He obtained the degrees of M.B., Ch.B. in 1905 at the age of twenty-two, and was for six months house physician to Sir James Barr at the Royal Infirmary. Following this he was house surgeon at the same institution. In 1906 he was elected to the Holt Fellowship in Physiology, and studied under Sir Charles Sherrington, at whose suggestion he joined in 1907, the year in which he obtained the degree of M.D., the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, then in the ninth year of its history, and commenced his study of tropical diseases and parasitology which was to occupy his attention for the rest of his life. The enthusiasm with which he threw himself into the career he had chosen was well illustrated by his immediate acceptance of the invitation to accompany Wakelin Barratt to Nyasaland to study black-water fever. This was the nineteenth expedition of the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine to the tropics for the purpose of investigating tropical diseases.


2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (03) ◽  
pp. 195-208
Author(s):  
Silvia Mei

Brevity in experimental Italian theatre is not merely an expressive dimension of scenic creation, but a forma mentis, a conceptual vocation of young companies. The 2000s produced a minor theatre in Italy – first because of the reduced stage size, and second because of the brevity of works such as installation pieces. Moving from the linguistic disintegration of the historical avant-gardes of the twentieth century, this theatre is especially inspired by the visual arts, even though its historical roots remain fragmented and art is still seen in the synthetic language of modern dance and Futurist variety. Short forms actually become a tool for crossing artistic genres and languages. Starting from Deleuze’s and Guattari’s philosophical concept of minor literature, in this article Silvia Mei explores and analyzes work by such Italian contemporary companies as gruppo nanou, Città di Ebla, Anagoor, Opera, ErosAntEros, and Teatro Sotterraneo – all representative of what can be called installation theatre, a new theatrical wave that crosses the boundaries and specificities of artistic language, leading to the deterritorialization of theatre itself, a rethinking of the artistic work as well as its relationship with the audience. Silvia Mei is Adjunct Professor of the History of Theatre Directing and Theatre Iconography at the University of Bologna, having been a Research Fellow at the University of Turin. Her recent publications include ‘La terza avanguardia: ortografie dell’ultima scena italiana’, in Culture Teatrali, No. 14 (2015), and Displace Altofest (Valletta: Malta 2018 Foundation).


It is my pleasant duty to welcome you all most warmly to this meeting, which is one of the many events stimulated by the advisory committee of the William and Mary Trust on Science and Technology and Medicine, under the Chairmanship of Sir Arnold Burgen, the immediate past Foreign Secretary of the Royal Society. This is a joint meeting of the Royal Society and the British Academy, whose President, Sir Randolph Quirk, will be Chairman this afternoon, and it covers Science and Civilization under William and Mary, presumably with the intention that the Society would cover Science if the Academy would cover Civilization. The meeting has been organized by Professor Rupert Hall, a Fellow of the Academy and also well known to the Society, who is now Emeritus Professor of the History of Science and Technology at Imperial College in the University of London; and Mr Norman Robinson, who retired in 1988 as Librarian to the Royal Society after 40 years service to the Society.


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