scholarly journals X. Note on the lunar-diurnal variation of magnetic declination

1868 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 59-60
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Diurnal Variations ◽  
Magnetic Equator ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Magnetic Declination ◽  
Royal Society Of London

I received late last night No. 91 of the Proceedings of the Royal Society, and desire to offer the following remarks on the abstract of a paper by Mr. Neumayer which I find therein (vol. xv. p. 414). Mr. Neumayer is evidently unacquainted with the Note by me, read to the Royal Society of London in 1861 (Proc. Roy. Soc. vol. x. p. 475), in which I stated as result of the discussions of five years’ observations at Trevandrum (near the magnetic equator) that the lunar-diurnal variation of magnetic declination became inverted, like the solar-diurnal variation, when the sun passed from one hemisphere to the other, both the solar- and lunar-diurnal variations depending on the position of the sun.

3. On the Lunar Diurnal Variation of Magnetic Declination at Trevandrum, near the Magnetic Equator

1872 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 756-758
Author(s):  
J. A. Broun
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Diurnal Variations ◽  
Magnetic Equator ◽  
Magnetic Declination ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Times

The author gives the results derived from different discussions of nearly eighty thousand observations, made hourly during the eleven years 1854 to 1864. They are as follows:—1. That the lunar diurnal variation consists of a double maximum and minimum in each month of the year.2. That in December and January the maxima occur near the times of the moon's upper and lower passages of the meridian; while in June and July they occur six hours later, the minima then occurring near the times of the two passages.3. The change of the law for December and January to that for June and July does not happen, as in the case of the solar diurnal variations, by leaps in the course of a month (those of March and October), but more or less gradually for the different maxima and minima.

scholarly journals II. On the lunar diurnal variation of magnetic declination at the magnetic equator

1860 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 475-484
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Magnetic Equator ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Magnetic Declination ◽  
The Law

This variation, first obtained by M. Kreil, next by myself, and afterwards by General Sabine, presents several anomalies which require careful consideration, and especially a careful examination of the methods employed to obtain the results. The law obtained seems to vary from place to place even in the same hemisphere and in the same latitude, and this to such an extent, that, for example, when the moon is on the inferior meridian at Toronto it produces a minimum of westerly declination; while for the moon on the inferior meridian of Prague and Makerstoun in Scotland it produces a maximum of westerly declination. No two places have as yet given exactly the same result; though the result for each place has been confirmed by the discussion of different periods. In order to obtain the lunar diurnal action, it has been usual to consider the magnetic declination at any time as depending on the sun’s and moon’s hour-angles and on irregular causes. Thus, if at conjunction, H 0 be the variation due to the sun on the meridian, and h 0 be that due to the moon on the meridian, H, the variation for the sun at 1 h , h 1 for the moon on the meridian of 1 h , and so on; it is supposed that we may represent the variations for a series of days by the following expressions, where the nearest values of h to the whole hour-angles are given:-

scholarly journals On the diurnal variation of the magnetic declination of St. Helena

1851 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 664-664
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Diurnal Variations ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Magnetic Declination ◽  
St Helena ◽  
Magnetic Needle

It has long been known that the diurnal variation of the magnetic needle is in an opposite direction in the southern, to what it is in the northern hemisphere; and it was therefore proposed as a pro­blem by Arago, Humboldt and others, to determine whether there exists any intermediate line of stations on the earth where those diurnal variations disappear. The results recorded in the present paper are founded on observations made at St. Helena during the five consecutive years, from 1841 to 1845 inclusive; and also on similar observations made at Singapore, in the years 1841 and 1842; and show that at these stations, which are intermediate between the northern and southern magnetic hemispheres, the diurnal variations still take place; but those peculiar to each hemisphere prevail at opposite seasons of the year, apparently in accordance with the position of the sun with relation to the earth’s equator.

scholarly journals II. On the evidence of the existence of the decennial inequality in the solar-diurnal variations, and its non-existence in the lunar-diurnal variation of the magnetic declination at Hobarton

1857 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 314-315
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Diurnal Variations ◽  
Horizontal Component ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Magnetic Declination ◽  
Magnetic Variation ◽  
Imperial Academy ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

In a communication made to the Royal Society in the last Session, “On the Lunar-diurnal Magnetic Variation at Toronto,” the author had stated that he could discover no trace of the lunar influence of the decennial inequality which constitutes so marked a feature in the solar magnetic variations. He has since read, in a memoir communicated to the Imperial Academy of Sciences at Vienna, entitled “On the Influence of the Moon on the horizontal component of the Mag­netic Force,” that M. Kreil is of opinion that the observations of different years at Milan and Prague, when combined, would rather favour the contrary inference, viz. that the decennial inequality exists in the lunar as well as in the solar variations.

I. On the lunar variations of magnetic declination at Bombay

1872 ◽  
Vol 20 (130-138) ◽  
pp. 135-136
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Relative Position ◽  
Diurnal Variations ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Feature Correspondence ◽  
Magnetic Declination ◽  
Variation Curve ◽  
Ordinary Character ◽  
The Mean

This paper is in continuation of that “On the Solar Variations of Magnetic Declination at Bombay,” published in the Philosophical Transactions for 1869; but the discussion is confined to the observations of the years 1861 to 1863, which alone have as yet been reduced. The point of principal interest brought out in the discussion is that whilst the mean lunar-diurnal variation is of the ordinary character, having as its principal feature a double oscillation in the lunar day, its range is very small as compared with the several ranges of the lunar-diurnal variations when the sun and moon have several specific varieties of relative position; and moreover, although in those latter variations the double oscillation is generally preserved as a main feature, correspondence of phase in the representative curves is as generally absent; and in some cases the curves are, whilst systematic, altogether different in character from the mean lunar-diurnal variation curve. The semiannual inequality in the lunar-diurnal variation, whilst it is as definitely systematic, has twice the range of the mean lunar, diurnal variation; and it is also subject to remarkable modifications which accompany changes of phase of the moon.

scholarly journals I.—Secular Earth-Creep

1909 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 145-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H. L. Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Special Design ◽  
Important Paper ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Gravitational Pull ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Horizontal Pendulum

Dr. J. R. Sutton has recently read a most important paper to the Royal Society of South Africa on the diurnal variation of level at Kimberley. The paper gave the preliminary results of observations made during the course of three years upon the variation of the level of the ground as recorded by a large horizontal pendulum of a special design made for the author by the Cambridge Instrument Company. It appeared from the results that the movements in the surface of the ground, which set up corresponding movements in the pendulum, were very great. The maximum westerly elongation of the extremity of the pendulum occurred about 5.30 a.m., the maximum easterly about 4.15 p.m., the medium positions a little before 11 a.m. and 9.30 p.m. Geometrically these movements may be represented on the hypothesis that the hemisphere facing the sun bulges out, forming a sort of meniscus to the geosphere. The rise and fall of the surface of the ground which such a supposition would postulate is enormous, and the very magnitude has led Dr. Sutton to hesitate in giving the figures. There can, however, be very little doubt that some rise and fall in the earth's surface is occasioned by the sun's gravitational pull, although the present figures may have to be lessened by taking into consideration other causes which contribute to the disturbance of the pendulum.

scholarly journals Diurnal Variations of CO2 Mixing Ratio in the Lower Atmosphere by Three Wavelength DIAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 237 ◽  
pp. 03011
Author(s):  
Yasukuni Shibata ◽  
Chikao Nagasawa ◽  
Makoto Abo
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Diurnal Variations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Atmosphere ◽  
Temperature Profiles ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Other Hand

We have conducted the measurement of high accurate CO2 mixing ratio profiles by measuring the temperature profiles simultaneously using the three wavelength CO2 DIAL. The measurements of CO2 diurnal variation in the lower atmosphere were carried out on sunny and cloudy days respectively. We find out that increasing of the CO2 mixing ratio occurs over the altitude of about 2 km from the surface during nighttime. On the other hand, the CO2 mixing ratio decreases over the lower atmosphere during daytime. In particular, the CO2 mixing ratio decreases earlier on sunny days than on cloudy days after sunrise. This result suggests that CO2 absorption by photosynthesis greatly contributes to the strength of the solar radiation.

scholarly journals II. The diurnal variations of the wind and barometric pressure

1877 ◽  
Vol 25 (171-178) ◽  
pp. 402-411
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Barometric Pressure ◽  
Diurnal Variations ◽  
The Self ◽  
Diurnal Wind ◽  
Wind Currents ◽  
Remarkable Manner

In a paper which was read before the Royal Society in 1873, and which was honoured with a place in the 'Philosophical Transactions' of that year, I discussed the diurnal variations of the wind and barometric pressure at Bombay, and deduced therefrom the fact that a system of diurnal wind-currents moves synchronally with the diurnal variation of barometric pressure. Reasons, were given for believing that that system of diurnal wind-currents is a universal phenomenon; and on that hypothesis I showed how the diurnal variations of the barometer could be explained as a result of those currents. I have lately examined closely the “Discussion of the Anemometrical Results furnished by the self-recording Anemometer at Bermuda,” which forms Appendix II. of the ‘Quarterly Weather-Report of the Meteorological Office, London,’ July to September 1872. Those results support the conclusions arrived at in my former paper in such a remarkable manner as to justify the readvancement of some of them in a form which will prominently exhibit their relation to the diurnal variation of the barometer.

XIV. On the meteorological observations made at the apartments of Royal Society during the years 1827, 1828, and 1829

1831 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 223-230
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Diurnal Variations ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Meteorological Observations

The phenomena which principally deserve attention connected with the science of meteorology, are: 1. The annual and diurnal variations of the barometer and thermometer, due to the action of the sun.

scholarly journals Remarks on M. De la Rive’s theory for the physical explanation of the causes which produce the diurnal variation of the magnetic declination. In a letter to S. Hunter Christie, Esq., Sec. R. S., from Lieut.-Col. Sabine, For. Sec. R. S. Communicated by S. Hunter Christie, Esq

1851 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 821-825
Keyword(s):  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Exact Methods ◽  
Physical Explanation ◽  
Cape Of Good Hope ◽  
Magnetic Declination ◽  
St Helena ◽  
Physical Principles ◽  
Magnetic Observatories ◽  
Recent Establishment

My dear Sir, The Annales de Chimie et de Physique for March last contains a letter from M. De la Rive to M. Arago, in which a theory is proposed, professing to explain on physical principles the general phenomena of the diurnal variation of the magnetic declination, and, in particular, the phenomena observed at St. Helena and at the Cape of Good Hope, described in a paper communicated by me to the Royal Society in 1847, and which has been honoured with a place in the Philosophical Transactions. Although I doubt not that the inadequacy of the theory proposed by M. De la Rive for the solution of this interesting problem will be at once recognised by those who have carefully studied the facts which have become known to us by means of the exact methods of investigation adopted in the magnetic observatories of recent establishment, yet there is danger that the names of De la Rive and Arago, held in high and deserved estimation as authorities on such subjects, attached to a theory, which moreover claims reception on the ground of its accordance with “well-ascertained facts” and “with principles of physics positively established,” may operate prejudicially in checking the inquiries which may be in progress in other quarters into the causes which really occasion the phenomena in question; I have thought it desirable therefore to point out, in a very brief communication, some of the important particulars in which M. De la Rive’s theory fails to represent correctly the facts which it professes to explain, and others which appear to me to be altogether at variance with, and opposed to it.

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