scholarly journals IX. On the structure and affinities of heliopora cœrulea, Pallas . With some observations on the structure of Xenia and Heteroxenia

1895 ◽  
Vol 186 ◽  
pp. 455-483 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Great Increase ◽  
Large Collection ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Late Professor ◽  
Original Memoir ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Diego Garcia ◽  
Formed Part

Although the structure of Heliopora has been the subject of a careful memoir by the late Professor H. N. Moseley, a renewed examination of this interesting and isolated Alcyonarian has, for many reasons, seemed to me to be desirable. There are questions relating to the structure and formation of the hard parts which were not conclusively settled by Moseley’s paper, and the great increase of our knowledge of the anatomy of other Alcyonaria has rendered it necessary to overhaul all older work in the light of more arecent researches. Professor Moseley himself was anxious that the genus should be re-examined, and, some time before his death, he pressed me to commence work on some specimens which I had brought back with me from Diego Garcia. The material which I have used in the course of my work consisted of the above-mentioned spirit specimens from Diego Garcia, of the fragments of the specimens which served Professor Moseley for his original memoir, and a well preserved portion of a colony, which Dr. S. J. Hickson brought from Talisse, and gave to Professor Lankester, who kindly handed it over to me for examination. This specimen of Dr. Hickson’s was most useful, because the growing tips of the colony were preserved uninjured, and I was therefore able to make sections illustrating the structure at the point where most active growth takes place. Of dried specimens, I have had a large collection, including my own from Diego Garcia, Dr. Hickson’s from Celebes, and a number of specimens from the collection of the late Mr. George Brook, which Mrs. Brook has been kind enough to hand over to me, together with a rich and varied collection of other Anthozoa. Unfortunately the labels have become detached from most of the specimens, but those that remain show that the corals formed part of the collection made by Professor Haddon in Torres Straits.

VI.—British Geological Photographs

1897 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
W. W. Watts
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
British Association ◽  
Large Collection ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Private Control ◽  
The Subject

A year ago, by the decision of the Council of the British Association, there was sent to the Museum of Practical Geology a large collection of photographs mainly taken with a view of illustrating, in the most permanent and unbiassed way at present possible, the features and phenomena of geological interest in the United Kingdom. The project of forming such a collectionoriginated with Mr. O. W. Jeffs in 1888, when he read a paperon the subject at the British Association at Bath, in which hepointed out the utility of such a collection and the necessity for forming it. When a committee was appointed in the followingyear he undertook the management of the work, and he has carriedit ou for seven years with indefatigable industry and scrupulou scare, only relinquishing it when the size of the collection beganto exceed the capabilities of private control, and when his own lackof leisure no longer permitted him to devote the requisite time andattention to its custody.

Disturbances in western Afghanistan, 1839–41

1963 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Yapp
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Political Agent ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government ◽  
Formed Part ◽  
The Town

The subject matter of this article is the disturbances which took place in the area under the control of the government of Qandahar. Between 1839 and 1841 Qandahar formed part of the dominions of Shāh Shuj¯ʻ al-Mulk and its government was nominally carried on by two of his sons, Fatḥ Jang (1839–40) and Muḥammad Tīmūr (1840–2). But in practice the day-to-day management of the government, outside the town of Qandahar, was conducted by the Pārsīwān revenue officials, who had been inherited from the Bārakzais, and who were under the control of the British Political Agent, who in turn was subordinate to Sir William Macnaghten, the Envoy and Minister with Shāh Shujāʻ.

Introductory Note on the Vikuaḥ

1984 ◽  
pp. 97-101
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Introductory Note ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Formed Part

This chapter addresses the opening passage of the Vikuaḥ. The Talmudic passage purports to describe how the ‘five disciples of Jesus’ were executed by the Jewish authorities. The whole passage is clearly a piece of fantasy, in questionable taste, intended as a counterblast to Christian propaganda. It is strange, however, that the authenticity of the passage as the opening of the Vikuaḥ has never been questioned. It is omitted from this book’s translation on the ground that it is highly doubtful whether it formed part of the work originally composed by Naḥmanides. The chapter then explains the reasons for this conclusion. Naḥmanides’ account of the Barcelona Disputation was composed at the request of the Bishop of Gerona, Peter of Castellnou. It is highly unlikely, therefore, that Naḥmanides would have introduced into his account highly offensive and inflammatory matter which was extraneous to the subject-matter of the disputation.

Presidential Address delivered at the Annual Meeting of the Medico-Psychological Association, July 25, 1889

1889 ◽  
Vol 35 (151) ◽  
pp. 293-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hayes Newington
Keyword(s):  
Annual Meeting ◽  
Great Increase ◽  
Presidential Address ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Present System ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
The Subject

Gentlemen,—I have chosen as the subject of this address a question which, though it is almost as old as the present system of treating the insane, has been revivified with so much vigour as to demand at our hands the close attention which we should feel bound to give to it had it been entirely new. I am about to offer you some remarks on what is called “Hospital treatment for recent and curable cases of insanity.” The reintroduction of this question is undoubtedly due to the necessity for the consideration of the great increase of the insane population; and it is appropriate in point of time; indeed, the time has been determined by the change in the composition of those bodies whose sanction and help are required for any new departure in this direction.

scholarly journals Evidence of a large extinct monotreme ( Echidna Ramsayi , Ow.) from the Wellington Breccia Cave, New South Wales

1883 ◽  
Vol 36 (228-231) ◽  
pp. 4-4
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Formed Part

In this communication the author gives a description of a fossil humerus from the breccia cave of Wellington Valley, which repeats the characters of that bone in the existing monotrematous genus Echidna more closely than those of the same bone in any other known kind of mammal. The fossil, however, greatly exceeds in size that of the existing Australian species, Echidna hystrix , Cuv. The existence of, at least, two other kinds lately discovered living in New Guinea has been made known in memoirs by Professor Gervais and Mr. E. P. Ramsay, E .L .S.; these occupy, in respect of size, the interval between them and the Australian Ech. hystrix , but the subject of the present paper makes known the largest Monotreme hitherto discovered. Figures of the fossil in question, and of the corresponding bone of the smaller existing Australian kind, accompany the text. The fossil formed part of the series of remains obtained from the cave above cited, and was with them submitted to the author, who proposes to indicate the present acquisition by the name Echidna Ramsayi .

scholarly journals MreB Forms Subdiffraction Nanofilaments during Active Growth in Bacillus subtilis

mBio ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e01879-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyrille Billaudeau ◽  
Zhizhong Yao ◽  
Charlène Cornilleau ◽  
Rut Carballido-López ◽  
Arnaud Chastanet
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Cell Envelope ◽  
Side Wall ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Entire Cell ◽  
The Subject ◽  
True Structure

ABSTRACT The actin-like MreB protein is a key player of the machinery controlling the elongation and maintenance of the cell shape of most rod-shaped bacteria. This protein is known to be highly dynamic, moving along the short axis of cells, presumably reflecting the movement of cell wall synthetic machineries during the enzymatic assembly of the peptidoglycan mesh. The ability of MreB proteins to form polymers is not debated, but their structure, length, and conditions of establishment have remained unclear and the subject of conflicting reports. Here we analyze various strains of Bacillus subtilis, the model for Gram-positive bacteria, and we show that MreB forms subdiffraction-limited, less than 200 nm-long nanofilaments on average during active growth, while micron-long filaments are a consequence of artificial overaccumulation of the protein. Our results also show the absence of impact of the size of the filaments on their speed, orientation, and other dynamic properties conferring a large tolerance to B. subtilis toward the levels and consequently the lengths of MreB polymers. Our data indicate that the density of mobile filaments remains constant in various strains regardless of their MreB levels, suggesting that another factor determines this constant. IMPORTANCE The construction of the bacterial cell envelope is a fundamental topic, as it confers its integrity to bacteria and is consequently the target of numerous antibiotics. MreB is an essential protein suspected to regulate the cell wall synthetic machineries. Despite two decades of study, its localization remains the subject of controversies, its description ranging from helical filaments spanning the entire cell to small discrete entities. The true structure of these filaments is important because it impacts the model describing how the machineries building the cell wall are associated, how they are coordinated at the scale of the entire cell, and how MreB mediates this regulation. Our results shed light on this debate, revealing the size of native filaments in B. subtilis during growth. They argue against models where MreB filament size directly affects the speed of synthesis of the cell wall and where MreB would coordinate distant machineries along the side wall.

Robert Persons and an Unknown Political Pamphlet of 1593

1985 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Philip Ii ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Formed Part

In November 1591 a royal proclamation was published denouncing the activities of seminary priests and Jesuits which inspired a surprising number of Catholic authors to undertake its refutation. Robert Persons, Joseph Cresswell, Richard Verstegan, Thomas Stapelton, and Robert Southwell all attacked it in works printed in English or Latin; a short, anonymous tract on the subject survives in manuscript; and two Spanish writers also dealt with the proclamation, which had touched the honour of Philip II. There was perhaps something of a tradition among Catholic authors of writing refutations of royal proclamations, and the edict of 1591 was indeed strongly worded, but it is clear that its appearance was largely a welcome excuse for the authors of these books to publish their views, which ranged wide in their attacks on Elizabethan policy and formed part of a sustained Catholic propaganda campaign which reached its height at around this time. Robert Persons continued to discuss the proclamation, although at much less length, in two tracts published in 1592 and 1593, which deal with other subjects.

scholarly journals III. On the structure and affinities of fossil plants from the palæozoic rocks.— II. On spencerites, a new genus of lycopodiaceous cones from the coal measures, founded on the lepidodendron spenceri of Williamson

1897 ◽  
Vol 189 ◽  
pp. 83-106 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Present Knowledge ◽  
Fossil Plants ◽  
Late Professor ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Coal Measures

The fossils which form the subject of the present paper are Cryptogamic strobili showing evident Lycopodiaceous affinities, but differing in important points from other fructifications of that family, so that it appears necessary to establish a new genus for their reception. The specimens are derived from the Coal-measures of Lancashire and Yorkshire, and are calcified, the internal structure being thus preserved in considerable perfection. As our present knowledge of the forms in question is entirely due to the researches of the late Professor W. C. Williamson, it will be necessary to give a short historical summary of the results which he attained, before going on to my own observations.

scholarly journals XXXIV. Remarks on the Zend Language, and the Zendavesta; in a Letter from the late Professor Emanuel Rask, F.M.R.A.S., &c. &c., to the Honourable Mountstuart Elphinstone, M.R.A.S., then President of the Literary Society at Bombay

1834 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 524-540
Author(s):  
E. Rask
Keyword(s):  
Late Professor ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Points Of View

The foundation for the following remarks, or the text, as it were, on which I shall comment, will be Mr. Erskine's very learned and curious essay “on the sacred books and religion of the Pársís.” My opinion, it is true, differs almost entirely from that of Mr. Erskine; but I feel convinced that neither this truly liberal and amiable scholar, nor the Literary Society, will be displeased at seeing the same object represented in two different points of view. Either of the opposite opinions, or perhaps both of them, may be false, and yet the discussion of the subject may effect a step towards that truth and clearness which are the noble ends of every reasonable inquiry. But should you think my remarks fall too far short of this object, or are otherwise too crude and imperfect, I beg you will pardon the attempt, and purify the pages in the favourite element of the Pársís.

The Wilkins Lecture - The missing link in horological history: a Chinese contribution

1959 ◽  
Vol 250 (1261) ◽  
pp. 147-179 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Philosophy ◽  
Invisible College ◽  
Missing Link ◽  
Infinite Space ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Formed Part ◽  
John Wilkins ◽  
Definitive Form ◽  
The Invisible

It seems that first of all this Lecturer is in private duty bound to celebrate the name of that revolutionary bishop and oecumenical philosopher John Wilkins (1614 to 1672). He was probably the only man who ever became both Warden of Wadham and Master of Trinity—certainly the only one who married the sister of the Lord Protector and yet was raised to the episcopate under King Charles the Second. The first of all our Secretaries, he had been prominent among the members of the Invisible College in 1645, and occupied the chair at that meeting of 1660 which brought the Society towards its definitive form. ‘At Cambridge’, wrote Burnet, ‘he joined with others who studied to propagate better thoughts, to take men off from being in parties or from narrow notions, from supersititious conceits, and fierceness about opinions. He was a great preserver and promoter of experimental philosophy, a lover of mankind, and had a delight in doing good.’ The subject of this afternoon’s discourse would, I believe, have had the interest of John Wilkins, and his blessing. For his first work, published in 1638 and 1640, bore the title : The Discovery of a World in the Moone; or, a Discourse tending to prove that 'tis probable that there may be another Habitable World in that Planet : together with a Discourse concerning the Possibility of a Passage thither . I cite this title not so much for the strange contemporaneity of its econd half, but because the book formed part of that great movement of thought, led by such men as Bruno and Gilbert, which destroyed the solid crystalline spheres of Aristotelian-Ptolemaic tradition, And elsewhere it has been possible to show that one of the influences here at work was the new knowledge of Europeans that the astronomers of China had always believed in the floating of the heavenly bodies in infinite space.

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