Disturbances in western Afghanistan, 1839–41

1963 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Yapp

The subject matter of this article is the disturbances which took place in the area under the control of the government of Qandahar. Between 1839 and 1841 Qandahar formed part of the dominions of Shāh Shuj¯ʻ al-Mulk and its government was nominally carried on by two of his sons, Fatḥ Jang (1839–40) and Muḥammad Tīmūr (1840–2). But in practice the day-to-day management of the government, outside the town of Qandahar, was conducted by the Pārsīwān revenue officials, who had been inherited from the Bārakzais, and who were under the control of the British Political Agent, who in turn was subordinate to Sir William Macnaghten, the Envoy and Minister with Shāh Shujāʻ.

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-329
Author(s):  
Kamaluddin Abbas

The government has made many laws and regulations, but corruption issues cannot yet be controlled. Police and Prosecuting Attorney Institutions have not yet functioned effectively and efficiently in eradicating corruption. Therefore, the public hopes Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi (KPK)/the Corruption Eradication Commission eliminates the crime. KPK is considerably appreciated by the public due to Operasi Tangkap Tangan (OTT)/Red-handed Catch Operation to many government officials involved in bribery action, but the subject matter thereof is whether the OTT is in line with the fundamental consideration of KPK founding pursuant to Law Number 30 of 2002 as updated by the Law Number 19 of 2019 in order to increase the eradication of corruption crime causing the state's financial loss with respect to people welfare particularly KPK powers pursuant to the provision of Article 11 thereof, among others, specifying that KPK shall be authorized to conduct inquiry, investigation and prosecution on corruption crime related to the state financial loss of at least Rp 1,000,000,000 but in fact many OTTs performed by KPK have a value of hundred million Rupiah only and even there are any cases below Rp 100,000,000.-, and bribery action control through OTT being more dominant if compared to the state's financial corruption is not in line with the primary consideration of KPK founding, and similarly the OTT below 1 billion Rupiah doesn't conform to the provision of Article 11 thereof.


1984 ◽  
pp. 97-101

This chapter addresses the opening passage of the Vikuaḥ. The Talmudic passage purports to describe how the ‘five disciples of Jesus’ were executed by the Jewish authorities. The whole passage is clearly a piece of fantasy, in questionable taste, intended as a counterblast to Christian propaganda. It is strange, however, that the authenticity of the passage as the opening of the Vikuaḥ has never been questioned. It is omitted from this book’s translation on the ground that it is highly doubtful whether it formed part of the work originally composed by Naḥmanides. The chapter then explains the reasons for this conclusion. Naḥmanides’ account of the Barcelona Disputation was composed at the request of the Bishop of Gerona, Peter of Castellnou. It is highly unlikely, therefore, that Naḥmanides would have introduced into his account highly offensive and inflammatory matter which was extraneous to the subject-matter of the disputation.


2017 ◽  
pp. 275-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Chakrabarti ◽  
Kaushiki Sanyal

The epic journey of the Land Acquisition Act, 2013 is the subject matter of this chapter. The chapter traces the travails of the 1894 Act through the various challenges including the Narmada Bachao agitation and various SEZ acquisitions in the early 2000s till the four separate and more recent agitations that set the stage for work on new legislation—Nandigram and Singur in West Bengal, Maha Mumbai SEZ in Maharashtra and POSCO acquisition in Odisha. The UPA’s 2004 Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R&R) policy was revised in a 2007 Bill, largely as per NAC recommendations, that however lapsed in 2009. During UPA-II, fresh trouble erupted in Bhatta Parsaul in UP and the government elevated Jairam Ramesh to fast pace the passage of the new law. After much contentious negotiation the Act came into being in 2013. The movement reflects a combination of Punctuated Equilibrium Framework and Advocacy Coalition Framework.


2017 ◽  
pp. 248-274
Author(s):  
Rajesh Chakrabarti ◽  
Kaushiki Sanyal

The Lokpal Act, arguably the most dramatic example of recent activism, is the subject matter of this chapter. After summarizing the episodic history and the institutional details of the Lokpal/Lokayukta laws in India since the late 1960s the chapter begins the narrative in late 2010 with a letter from Arvind Kejriwal to Sonia Gandhi protesting the runaway corruption in telecom auctions and CWG. Arvind Kejriwal spearheaded the formation of India Against Corruption (IAC) demanding a pretty radical Jan Lokpal as an independent authority. Support built up steadily till Anna Hazare’s iconic indefinite fast in April 2011 that captured headline and public imagination alike. The government capitulated after a week, and drafting—difficult and contentious—started. After much wrangling and further fasts, a Lokpal Act came into existence in 2013. Touching middle class urban Indians like nothing before it, the movement exemplified punctuated equilibrium and multiple streams approach.


1983 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. J. Wiedemann

The comparative infrequency of references to women in Thucydides' history has often been remarked upon, and explained as due in part to the choice of warfare as his theme, and in part to the success of the Greek republics in excluding women from the political arena. As Pericles says in his funeral speech, women ought to give their menfolk the least possible cause to have to take note of them (2.45.2). But the exclusion of women from the subject-matter of historical discourse is peculiarly Thucydidean. Powell's Lexicon tells us that Thucydides' contemporary Herodotus uses γ⋯νηs 373 times, while the number of references to women/wives, mothers, priestesses etc. in Thucydides is less than fifty. This does not mean of course that Thucydides has no interest in, or sympathy for, women: frequently he mentions them as the passive objects of military circumstances precisely in order to underline the tragic effects of warfare. But some of the references to women are decidedly curious. There is a clear example in the account of the unsuccessful Theban attack on Plataea in 431 B.C., with which active hostilities began. Thucydides tells us that some of the Thebans who were locked into the town escaped by breaking open a deserted gate without being noticed (2.4.4). Why does he gratuitously mention that it was a women – presumably a Plataean – who gave her enemies an axe: γυναικ⋯ς δο⋯σης π⋯λɛκυν Clearly, it is an overimplification to say that Thucydides ignores women.


2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-203
Author(s):  
Stephen Peplow

Prime Minister Robert Peel was forced to resign in 1846 over the Repeal of the Corn Laws. Far from being a relatively unimportant piece of agricultural legislation, the Corn Laws, and their continuance, formed part of the ideology of the Conservative Party of the time. By proposing to Repeal the Corn Laws, Sir Robert was attacking the beliefs on which his party had won victory in the 1841 General Election. The result was a serious split within the Conservative Party over the Corn Laws. The majority of Conservatives voted against their own government, while 114 ‘Peelite’ Conservatives voted with Peel and the government. Why those particular Conservative Members decided to split away from their colleagues has been the subject of a large amount of research, mostly with ‘demand-side’ models which assume that the MP is little more than a mouthpiece for constituency interests. Peel's 1845 motion, a year before Repeal, to increase the yearly grant to the Irish Catholic seminary at Maynooth created very large controversy, and a backbench rebellion in which half of his own party voted against the government. As with Repeal, Maynooth passed only because the Opposition party decided to side with the government. This article uses principal component analysis and a classification tree analysis for the first time to show that while Conservative Members were voting with constituency interests in mind, their previous voting record over Maynooth is an overlooked and important predictor.


2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Sri Lestari

Not all teachers utilize ICT in organizing learning activities although they have understood that such learning strategies which really support or help level the learners mastery of the subject matter. Constraint the use of ICT by teachers are: no access, no adaanya means of ICT, learning does not integrate ICT, teachers have no knowledge of ICT, and no lack of willingness of teachers to utilize ICT. So the solution of problems utilization of ICT are: conducted socialization constantly about the potential, the benefits and importance of ICT in learning activities so that there is policy support, not only from the central government, local government, private agencies but also from the head school, (2) conducted more intensive training with a more lax or inadequate so it is possible for teachers to put into practice the results of training in the classroom, (3) the teachers responded to the advancement of ICT positively by action through the use of ICT in learning activities be a professional duties, and (4) implemented the procurement of ICT tools in schools gradually and berkelajuta, either through the government, the private sector and the community. AbstrakBelum semua guru memanfaatkan TIK dalam menyelenggarakan kegiatan pembelajaran yang diampunya walaupun mereka telah memahami bahwa strategi pembelajaran yang demikian ini sangat menunjang atau membantu tingkat penguasaan peserta didik terhadap materi pelajaran. Kendala pemanfaatan TIK oleh guru adalah: tidak adanya akses, tidak adaanya sarana TIK, pembelajaran tidak mengintegrasikan TIK, guru tidak memiliki pengetahuan tentang TIK, dan tidak adanya kemauan guru untuk memanfaatkan TIK. Sehingga solusi dari kendala pemanfaaatan TIK adalah: dilakukan sosialisasi yang terusmenerus tentang potensi, manfaat, dan pentingnya TIK di dalam kegiatan pembelajaran sehingga ada dukungan kebijakan, tidak hanya dari pemerintah pusat, pemerintah daerah, instansi swasta tetapi juga dari kepala sekolah, dilaksanakan pelatihan yang lebih intensif dengan waktu yang lebih longgar atau memadai sehingga dimungkinkan bagi guru untuk mempraktekkan hasil pelatihan di dalam kelas, para guru merespons kemajuan TIK secara positif dengan tindakan nyata melalui pemanfaatan TIK di dalam kegiatan pembelajaran yang menjadi tugas profesionalnya, dan dilaksanakan pengadaan perangkat TIK di sekolah secara bertahap dan berkelajutan, baik melalui pemerintah, pihak swasta maupun masyarakat.


1991 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 123-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine O'Brien O'Keeffe

Solomon and Saturn II, the second verse dialogue between Solomon and Saturn in Cambridge, Corpus Christi College 422, has long enjoyed a rather dubious reputation as an exotic work. In part, the poem suffers a guilt by association with the two other Solomonic dialogues in the manuscript, both of which are fanciful treatments of the powers of the Pater Noster. Kemble's 1848 edition of Solomon and Saturn II formed part of an ambitious survey of the sources and analogues of the later, Latin Solomon and Marculf dialogues. Although the subject matter of Solomon and Saturn II ranges widely from bizarre monsters to proverbial wisdom, Menner's 1941 edition influenced the modern reception of the work by presenting the poem in a predominantly ‘oriental’ context. Menner's learned introduction to both the Solomon and Saturn verse dialogues focused on the mass of exotic legends associated with Solomon. In his opinion, both Solomon and Saturn poems were ‘dependent on lost Solomonic Christian dialogues in Latin’.


Author(s):  
Elżbieta Kaczmarska

This article presents selected districts of Valencia and the gradual transformation of their image. The formulation of an appropriate strategy of action and the effect of an example that were initiated by the construction of the City of Arts and Sciences have broken through the stagnation in thinking about space. Revitalisation efforts have been initiated in many of the city’s districts, as well as in its suburban zone. The great explosion of ideas and emotions also carried over to expanding the historical traditions of the city and the holistic, multi-directional approach to the subject matter of renewal, providing the city with economic stimulation. The author’s own analyses presented in the article pertain to Ciudad de las Artes y las Ciencias (City of Arts and Sciences), the new development of the Poblats Marítims coastal district, the Ciutat Fallera district and the Orba district of the town of Alfafar, located in Valencia’s metropolitan area. Various proposals for transforming the spatial structure of these districts point to the possibility of conducting an experimental hybrid policy intended to reconcile economic rescaling, entrepreneurship and cultural regionalism in the planned landscape.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Karinina Anggita Farrisqi ◽  
Agus Machfud Fauzi

A law with a concept on the omnibus law in the world of law in the State of Indonesia is a new perspective in the field of law. The point in omnibus law is different from the meaning, nature, and concept of legal norms in existing laws. We can also interpret this concept as a way of settling the forms of regulation in legislation into law and which in the end have consequences for revoking some invalid regulations. With the use of a new perspective like this, of course, people's thinking is also increasingly modern, including following the flow of globalization. In this era of globalization, there are certainly many incidents in the spread of hoax news. This problem is carried out by qualitative research methods and using several theories. The subject matter to be discussed can also be found in the conclusion that the perspective used by the drafters of the law is increasingly modern which will also provide the potential for the spread of hoaxes from people who follow the flow of globalization. Therefore, if the government and the DPR enforce themselves in making laws with the concept of the omnibus law, then the formation process needs to follow the method of prolegnas, has a good academic script, and is not in a hurry by involving stakeholders and the community.


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