scholarly journals XLVIII. A proposal for measuring the attraction of some hill in this kingdom by astronomical observations

1775 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 495-499 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sir Isaac Newton ◽  
Heavy Body ◽  
Astronomical Observations ◽  
Isaac Newton ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Universe

If the attraction of gravity be exerted, as Sir Isaac Newton supposes, not only between the large bodies of the universe, but between the minutest particles of which these bodies are composed, or into which the mind can imagine them to be divided, acting universally according to that law, by which the force which carries on the celestial motions is regulated; namely, that the accelerative force of each particle of matter towards every other particle decreases as the squares of the distances increase, it will necessarily follow, that every hill must, by its attraction, alter the direction of gravitation in heavy bodies in its neighbourhood from what it would have been from the attraction of the earth alone, considered as bounded by a smooth and even surface. For, as the tendency of heavy bodies downwards perpendicular to the earth's surface is owning to the combined attraction of all the parts of the earth upon it, so a neighbouring mountain ought, though in a far less degree, to attract the heavy body towards its centre of attraction, which cannot be placed far from the middle of the mountain.

scholarly journals "THE EXPRESSION OF COLORS IN THE MURALS OF VARANASI"

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (3SE) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Ishwar Chand Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Human Mind ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Sir Isaac Newton ◽  
Isaac Newton ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Color Scheme ◽  
Color Psychology ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Rainy Days

Color is the soul of the picture, human attachment to colors has been there since time immemorial. The prevalence of colors is very old in Indian civilization and culture. Colors indicate our happiness in life, our companions. Their sixth is scattered around on social festivals. Rangoli is made at the entrance on the occasion of auspicious work or guest arrival. Colors fill our life with happiness and energy. Indian spirituality is also drenched with different colors. Many colors are present in the universe. The basis of Indian color psychology is nature. In nature, we see many colors in the sky, some of which appear to be anti-nature. Human attraction to colors has never diminished, from primitive cavities to modern humans took the support of colors (varnas) in the development of beauty. The human mind has always been eager to know the secret of colors. In 1670, a scientist named 'Sir Isaac Newton' first removed the mystery of the origin of colors. He believes that the color (color) originates from light. 1 All the colors that appear in nature are different parts of light. Realization comes from sunlight, that is, sunlight is considered to be the origin of colors. It is well known that there are seven colors in sunlight, but these seven colors are not visible to us because the earth revolves around the sun. And because of this rotation, these seven colors are not visible, all these colors are grouped in seven colors, which are not visible, but appear in the form of light (sunshine), seven colors of the rainbow in the sky in the rainy days. can be seen. The color scheme continues to develop along with the development of culture. Man seems to be absorbed in the color scheme from time immemorial. He enjoys developing his colors with culture, civilization. From the early twentieth century, artists began to use colors in a more developed form. रंग चित्र की आत्मा है, रंगों के प्रति मनुष्य आसक्ति आदिम समय से ही रहा है। भारतीय सभ्यता एवं संस्कृति में रंगों का प्रचलन बहुत पुराना है रंग हमारे जीवन के साथी, ये हमारे सुखों को इंगित करते हैं। सामाजिक उत्सवांे-पर्वों पर इनकी छठा चारों ओर बिखरी होती है। शुभ कार्य हो या अतिथि आगमन पर प्रवेश द्वार पर रंगोली बनाई जाती है रंग हमारे जीवन में खुशी एवं ऊर्जा भर देते हैं भारतीय आध्यात्म भी विभिन्न रंगों से सराबोर है। सृष्टि में अनेक रंग मौजूद हैं भारतीय रंग मनोविज्ञान का आधार प्रकृति है प्रकृति में अनेक रंगों को आकाश में देखते हैं जिनमें से कुछ विरोधी प्रकृति के दिखते हैं। रंगों के प्रति मानव का आकर्षण कभी कम नहीं हुआ, आदिम गुहावासियों से लेकर आधुनिक मानव ने सौन्दर्य के विकास में रंगों (वर्णों) का सहारा लिया। रंगों के प्रति रहस्य जानने के लिए मनुष्य का मन सदैव उत्सुक रहा है। सन् 1670 में ‘सर आइजक न्यूटन’ नामक वैज्ञानिक ने सर्वप्रथम रंगों के उत्पत्ति का रहस्य हटाया उनका मानना है कि वर्ण (कलर) की उत्पत्ति प्रकाश से होती है।1 प्रकृति में जितने भी रंग दिखाई देते हैं वे प्रकाश के विभिन्न अंग हैं प्रकाश की प्राप्ति सूर्य की रोशनी से होती है अर्थात् सूर्य की रोशनी ही रंगों का उद्गम माना गया है यह सर्वविदित है कि सूर्य की रोशनी में सात रंग होते हैं, किन्तु यह सात रंग इसलिए हमें नहीं दिखाई देते हैं कि पृथ्वी सूर्य के चारों ओर चक्कर लगाती है और इसी घूमने के कारण यह सातों रंग दिखाई नहीं पड़ते हैं इन सब रंगों का समूह सात रंग की पट्टीयाॅ होती हैं जो दिखाई नहीं पड़ते हैं, बल्कि प्रकाश (धूप) के रूप में दिखाई देते हैं इन्द्रधनुष के सात रंग वर्षा के दिनों में आकाश में दिखाई देते हैं। संस्कृति के विकास के साथ-साथ रंग योजना भी विकसित होती रहती है। मनुष्य अनादि काल से रंग योजना में लीन दिखाई देता है। उसे अपने रंगों को संस्कृति, सभ्यता के साथ विकास देने में आनन्द आता है। बीसवीं शताब्दी के आरंभ से ही कलाकारों ने रंगों का उपयोग अधिक विकसित रूप में करना शुरू किया।

scholarly journals XXIV. A discourse concerning the menstrual parallax, arising from the mutual gravitation of the Earth and Moon; it's influence on the observations of the Sun and Planets; with a method of observing it: By J. Smeaton, F. R. S

1768 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 156-169 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Center Of Gravity ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Sir Isaac Newton ◽  
Isaac Newton ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Common Center

It is demonstrated by Sir Isaac Newton in the Principia , that it is not the Earth's center, but the common center of gravity of the Earth and Moon, that describes the ecliptic; and that the Earth and Moon revolve in similar ellipses, about their common center of gravity.

James Bradley, Sailing on the Thames

Lightspeed ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 49-57
Author(s):  
John C. H. Spence
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Speed Of Light ◽  
Astronomical Observations ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Independent Estimate ◽  
The Universe ◽  
At Home

The story of the astronomical observations of James Bradley in the eighteenth century, whose measurements of the small movements of a star throughout the year provided an independent estimate of the speed of the Earth around the Sun relative to the speed of light. His work provided the first experimental evidence in support of Copernicus’s theory that the earth is in motion, and against the idea that it is stationary at the center of the universe. His simple telescope at home, his brilliant idea and perseverance, and his life’s work and influence. The importance of his result for the development of Einstein’s theory of relativity and for theories of the Aether in the following centuries.

Geological Time Versus Astronomical Time: Are Scientific Theories Falsifiable?

1989 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norriss Hetherington
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Homogeneous Model ◽  
Scientific Theories ◽  
Geological Time ◽  
Astronomical Observations ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Geological Age ◽  
Astronomical Time ◽  
Edwin Hubble ◽  
The Universe

During the 1930s when a relativistic, expanding, homogeneous model of the universe lead to an age for the universe embarrassingly less than the geological age of the earth, the astronomer Edwin Hubble, influenced by philosophical values, persisted in his support for a theory in conflict with observation and prediction. Notwithstanding well attested and unrefutable evidence of geological time, and various astronomical observations as well, the theory of a homogeneous, expanding universe of general relativity proved, in practice, not falsifiable.

scholarly journals The Inverse Precise Placement of Numbers Based at Pythagoras 1:3 and the Precise Configuration of Numbers as the Basis of a Unified Theorem That Binds the Physics of Mass, Space, Energy and the Torque Power (Inertia) That Sustains the Finite Universe.

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 369-371
Author(s):  
Vinoo Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Physical Science ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Theory Of Relativity ◽  
Sir Isaac Newton ◽  
Curved Space ◽  
Fixed Angle ◽  
Isaac Newton ◽  
Linear Composite ◽  
Bounded Space ◽  
The Universe

This paper is based on the precise inverse cone of Pythagoras 1:3. As in section 1 of this paper, all mathematics presented in this paper is by precise  mathematics equations and the author has maintained by proof that the base numbers constant from which all physics constants can be derived are -1 to 19 ( the value 6 is  as per this paper is the constant for expansion of  all bounded space and 19 is the patent “end value” of the base constant numbers as shown in section 1 and  referenced in this section11). Numbers as created and as placed at the cone of Pythagoras 1:3 are precise manifestation of the numbers of linear composite. However, this paper shows that the invention of designated angles (Trigonometry) is an approximate arbitrary arrangement invented by man, based on the created fixed angle of 90 degrees and is certainly flawed as shown here in this paper. Likewise, any attempts to measure curvature by linear numbers is fraught with much error. The author maintains that “If the atomic density and structure of  meteorites from far space have the same configuration as those found on this earth, then by all created logic , these numbers configuration presented in  these two papers and the book (The God of Papa Einstein and Sir Isaac Newton) are a constant unified theorem of  all the space and mass (  Quantum mechanics) in the universe”. Einstein’s Theory of relativity and all other interstellar phenomena are not addressed in the context of this paper because all this is observed science phenomena and not a physical science, and this paper deals with precise numbers configuration as in the section 1 of the paper. Einstein’s relativity is a real observed natural phenomenon, not science by itself, it is a natural aberration of the fact that observed relativity is due to inherent curvature and linear relationship between any two points in the universe and because of the spiral progression of curved space. Neither does light bend it appears to bend, nor does time really dilate in real terms even though it is a real observed phenomenon, neither numbers or distances dilate by any continuum, unfortunately, that is why Einstein’s misconception about time dilation is a Theory and will always be Theory.

scholarly journals On the precession of the equinoxes

1832 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 253-254
Keyword(s):  
The Sun ◽  
Sir Isaac Newton ◽  
Isaac Newton ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Figure Of The Earth ◽  
The Subject

The Professor observes, that Sir Isaac Newton was the first mathematician who endeavoured to estimate the quantity of the precession from the attractive influence of the sun and moon on the spheroidal figure of the earth. His investigations relating to this subject evince the same transcendent abilities that are displayed in other parts of his Principia; but it is admitted, that, from a mistake in his process, his conclusion is erroneous. The investigations of other mathematicians in attempting the solu­tion of the same problem are arranged by the author under three general heads. The first arrive at wrong conclusions, in consequence of mistake in some part of their proceedings; the second obtain just conclusions, but rendered so by balance of opposite errors; the third approach as near the truth as the nature of the subject will admit, but, in the author’s estimation, are liable to the charge of obscurity and perplexity.

I. On the grounds of the method which laplace has given in the second chapter of the third book of his mémcanique céleste for computing the attractions of spheroids of every description

1812 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 1-45 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Joint Effect ◽  
Uniform Density ◽  
Sir Isaac Newton ◽  
Isaac Newton ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Celestial Bodies ◽  
Primitive Condition ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Rotatory Motion ◽  
Complicated Nature

In every physical inquiry the fundamental conditions should be such as are supplied by observation. Were it possible to observe this rule in every case, theory would always comprehend in its determinations a true account of the phenomena of nature. Applying the maxim we have just mentioned to the question concerning the figure of the planets, the mathematician would have to investigate the figure which a fluid, covering a solid body of any given shape, and composed of parts that vary in their densities according to a given law, would assume by the joint effect of the attraction on every particle and a centrifugal force produced by a rotatory motion about an axis. The circumstances here enumerated are all that observation fully warrants us to adopt as the foundation of this inquiry: for, with regard to the earth we know little more than that it consists of a solid nucleus, or central part, covered with the sea; and with regard to the other planets, all our knowledge is derived from analogy which leads us to think that they are bodies resembling the earth. There is one consideration, however, by which the general research may be modified without hurting the strictest rules of philosophizing; and that is, the near approach to the spherical figure which is observed in all the celestial bodies : and it is fortunate that this circumstance contributes much to lessen the great difficulties that occur in the investigation. But, even with the advantage derived from this limitation, the inquiry is extremely difficult, and leads to calculations of the most abstruse and complicated nature; and, when viewed in the general manner we have mentioned, it far surpassed the power of the mathematical and mechanical sciences as they were known in the days of Sir Isaac Newton, who first considered the physical causes of the figure of the planets. That great man was therefore forced to take a more confined view of the subject and to admit such suppositions as seemed best adapted to simplify the investigation. He supposed in effect that the earth and planets at their creation were entirely fluid, and that they now preserve the same figures which they assumed in their primitive condition; a hypothesis by which the inquiry was reduced to determine the figure necessary for the equilibrium of a fluid mass. The mathematicians, who have followed in the same tract of inquiry, have seldom ventured to go beyond the limited supposition proposed by Newton. They have succeeded in shewing that a mass revolving about an axis, and composed of one fluid of a uniform density, or of different fluids of different densities, will be in equilibrium, and will for ever preserve its figure when it has the form of an elliptical spheroid of revolution oblate at the poles. It has likewise been proved that the same form is the only one capable of fulfilling the required conditions ; which completes the solution of the problem in so far as it regards a mass entirely fluid.

scholarly journals The Study Of Theological Sin And The Meaning Of Transformation Based On Romans 12:1-2

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-76
Author(s):  
Tony Andrean ◽  
David Ming
Keyword(s):  
Human Mind ◽  
Additional Insight ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Real Change ◽  
Genesis 1 ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Further Development ◽  
The Universe

"In the beginning He created the heavens and the earth, the earth was formless and empty; pitch darkness covered the great oceans, and the Spirit of God drifted over the surface of the earth '(Genesis 1: 1). chaotic "or" irregular. "(Warren Baker, Study OId Testament. AMG publisher, 1994: 2-3G.). Then in the process of creating humans for maintain the universe, but man falls into sin so that his mind or intellect is dominated by sin. What is produced by the mind ruled by sin? The Scriptures state the following: first, the human character is in vain (Romans 1:21). Second, it is not fair for anyone to be wise (Romans 3.11). Third, the human mind becomes evil (Ephesians 5: 4, the human mind is hostile to God and results in evil deeds 1.21) In further development, the universe is not getting better, it's actually getting more and more damaged. Natural disasters occur everywhere, economic conditions are chaotic, laws are violated by the leaders themselves, society is socially hostile to each other, crime is everywhere. With the chaotic event, humans crave a real change and share of activities carried out to realize these desires, among others, with the current plasticity, the transformation movement. The author conducted this research and the results are expected to provide information and additional insight for parties related to the problem of understanding the doctrine of existence and the meaning of sin, thus understanding the meaning of transformation based on the Bible to be changed to not sin anymore. The expected benefit is to provide correct knowledge to the congregation and God's servants regarding the effects of sin in their lives. Especially in service, how they anticipate sin and experience transformation changes in their lives. Thus it can remind every believer to remain faithful and abstain from every action that brings sin

Herbert Spencer

1904 ◽  
Vol 50 (208) ◽  
pp. 99-101
Author(s):  
C. M.
Keyword(s):  
Isle Of Wight ◽  
Sir Isaac Newton ◽  
Isaac Newton ◽  
Herbert Spencer ◽  
Queen Victoria ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Victorian Age

Herbert Spencer is dead. The last and greatest of the giants of the Victorian age has passed away; and, in the tumult and clamour of evanescent political strife, the country of his birth is strangely indifferent to the portentous loss that it has suffered. From the uttermost parts of the earth—from the length and breadth of the great continent of America; from France, Germany, and Italy; even from far-off Japan—come messages of condolence and appreciation of the mighty dead; but here his loss is scarcely noticed. Truly, a prophet is not without honour, save in his own country and among his own people. Queen Victoria was a great queen, and worthily ruled a great nation; but to distant generations the name of Queen Victoria will mean as little as the name of Semiramis means to us, while the name of Herbert Spencer will loom as large as to us does that of Aristotle. In a future which may be distant, or may be nearer than we expect, when England, after occupying for a time the position of Holland, has become a sort of Isle of Wight for honeymooning Americans, Golders Hill will share with Stratford-on-Avon the honours of a place of pilgrimage for those who desire to honour the greatest of their race. What Sir Isaac Newton achieved in co-ordinating phenomena in space, Herbert Spencer achieved in co-ordinating phenomena in time. His task was almost superhuman, yet through ridicule and neglect at first, and at last in spite of the affectation of prigs, who feigned that his teaching was obsolete, he kept steadily to his task; devoting his life with wonderful purity of purpose to the completion of his great system of philosophy. He began in spite of scorn and ridicule; he lived to see his philosophy well-nigh universally accepted; and he lived to see it sneered at as antiquated by writers with less than a tithe of his knowledge, and with not a twentieth part the tithe of his intellect. He heaved Germany out of the slough of Hegelianism, only to see his own countrymen plunge and wallow in the same mire—to see them, as they struggled against asphyxiation, affect a sublime superiority over those who stood dry upon the bank, with limbs unhampered and breathing unobstructed.

scholarly journals X. A new method of deducing a first approximation to the orbit of a comet from three geocentric observations

1814 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 121-186
Keyword(s):  
The Sun ◽  
Conic Sections ◽  
Sir Isaac Newton ◽  
Isaac Newton ◽  
Common Principle ◽  
The Common ◽  
Infinite Variety ◽  
Short Time ◽  
General Fact ◽  
The Universe

Comets are distinguished from the planets not only by the peculiarities that immediately strike the eye, but likewise by the circumstances attending their motion in the heavens. All the planets move round the sun in orbits nearly circular; they never deviate far from the ecliptic on either side; and they move in a manner not extremely irregular, and in one direction, according to the order of the signs in the zodiac. Comets, on the contrary, when they first come into view, assume gradually greater degrees of brightness, which they again lose by like gradations, and then disappear; thus seeming to visit the neighbourhood of the sun for a short time only, after which they retire into the immensity of space: they are seen in all quarters of the heavens: and their motion is exceedingly various and irregular; confined to no direction; sometimes greatly curved, and often hardly distinguishable from a rectilineal course. If, to phenomena so dissimilar, we add the prejudice which almost universally prevailed, that comets have only a temporary existence, and are produced by occasional causes, we shall not perhaps have much reason to be surprised that the true account of those bodies, which represents them as forming a part of the same system with the planets, eluded the sagacity of Kepler, to whom we are indebted for the first accurate knowledge of the laws of the planetary motions. This step in our knowledge of the universe was reserved for Sir Isaac Newton. The principal and leading discovery of that great philosopher consisted in generalizing the laws of Kepler; in proving that they are necessary consequences of a more general fact, namely, that all the planets are continually deflected from a rectilineal motion towards the sun in the inverse proportion of the squares of their distances from that body. He demonstrated that the motions of such a system of bodies must be performed in the conic sections, having the sun in the focus, the species of the curve depending upon the proportion of the rectilineal velocity to the quantity of the deflection towards the common centre. This theory comprehends an infinite variety of motions, all flowing from one common principle; and the ellipse alone, by the changes of form which it undergoes according to the degrees of its eccentricity, seems, at one extreme, when it is greatly elongated, as well adapted to account for the phenomena of the comets, as it is, at the other extreme, when it differs little from a circle, to represent the motions of the planets.

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