Sphingomicrobium marinum sp. nov. and Sphingomicrobium flavum sp. nov., isolated from surface seawater, and emended description of the genus Sphingomicrobium

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_12) ◽  
pp. 4469-4476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariyam Shahina ◽  
Asif Hameed ◽  
Shih-Yao Lin ◽  
Yi-Han Hsu ◽  
You-Cheng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Surface Seawater ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Emended Description

Two Gram-staining-negative, yellow-pigmented, rod-shaped, strictly aerobic, non-flagellated and non-spore-forming amylolytic marine bacterial strains, designated CC-AMZ-30MT and CC-AMZ-30NT, were isolated from coastal surface seawater in Taiwan. Strain CC-AMZ-30MT shared pairwise 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 95.8, 95.0 and <94.0 % to Sphingomicrobium lutaoense CC-TBT-3T, Sphingomicrobium astaxanthinifaciens CC-AMO-30BT and other sphingomonads, respectively. Strain CC-AMZ-30NT shared 97.0, 96.7, 95.0 and <95.1 % similarities to strain CC-AMZ-30MT, Sphingomicrobium lutaoense CC-TBT-3T, Sphingomicrobium astaxanthinifaciens CC-AMO-30BT and other sphingomonads, respectively. The common polar lipids of the two strains include a signature glycolipid (GL2), diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and sphingoglycolipid in major amounts besides moderate-to-trace amounts of an unidentified aminolipid and several unidentified glycolipids. Both strains contained C18 : 1ω7c/C18 : 1ω6c, C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1 2-OH as major (>5 % of the total) fatty acids. Strains CC-AMZ-30MT and CC-AMZ-30NT had DNA G+C contents of 64.2 and 65.2 mol%, respectively. The major polyamine was spermidine in strain CC-AMZ-30MT and triamine sym-homospermidine in strain CC-AMZ-30NT. Both strains contained ubiquinone Q-10 as the predominant respiratory quinone. Differential phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic evidence including the presence of characteristic GL2, C18 : 1 2-OH and several other phenotypic features supported the classification of strains CC-AMZ-30MT and CC-AMZ-30NT as two novel species of the genus Sphingomicrobium , for which we propose the names Sphingomicrobium marinum sp. nov. and Sphingomicrobium flavum sp. nov., respectively; corresponding type strains are Sphingomicrobium marinum CC-AMZ-30MT ( = JCM 18554T = BCRC 80466T) and Sphingomicrobium flavum CC-AMZ-30NT ( = JCM 18555T = BCRC 80467T). An emended description of the genus Sphingomicrobium is also proposed.

Kordia aquimaris sp. nov., a zeaxanthin-producing member of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from surface seawater, and emended description of the genus Kordia

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_12) ◽  
pp. 4790-4796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asif Hameed ◽  
Mariyam Shahina ◽  
Shih-Yao Lin ◽  
Jang-Cheon Cho ◽  
Wei-An Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Surface Seawater ◽  
Unidentified Phospholipid ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Emended Description

A Gram-staining-negative, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped, non-flagellated, non-spore-forming and gliding marine bacterium designated strain CC-AMZ-301T was isolated from coastal surface seawater near Taichung harbour, Taiwan. Strain CC-AMZ-301T predominantly synthesized zeaxanthin and thus formed yellow colonies on marine agar. The novel strain showed high pairwise 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Kordia periserrulae IMCC1412T (95.0 %), K. algicida KCTC 8814PT (94.4 %) and K. antarctica IMCC3317T (94.2 %), and formed a phylogenetic lineage tightly associated with species of the genus Kordia . The polar lipid profile of strain CC-AMZ-301T consisted of three unidentified lipids, three unidentified aminolipids and one unidentified phospholipid. The major fatty acids (>5 % of total) were iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) and summed feature 9 (iso-C17 : 1ω9c and/or 10-methyl C16 : 0). The DNA G+C content was 36.4 mol%. Menaquinone 6 (MK-6) was the predominant respiratory quinone. The major polyamine was the triamine sym-homospermidine. Based on evidence from the present polyphasic study, strain CC-AMZ-301T is proposed to represent a novel species of the genus Kordia , for which the name Kordia aquimaris sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is CC-AMZ-301T ( = JCM 18556T = BCRC 80464T). An emended description of the genus Kordia is also proposed.

scholarly journals Alloactinosynnema iranicum sp. nov., a rare actinomycete isolated from a hypersaline wetland, and emended description of the genus Alloactinosynnema

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_4) ◽  
pp. 1173-1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Moshtaghi Nikou ◽  
Mohaddaseh Ramezani ◽  
Mohammad Ali Amoozegar ◽  
Seyed Abolhassan Shahzadeh Fazeli ◽  
Peter Schumann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Diaminopimelic Acid ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Emended Description

A Gram-staining-positive actinobacterial strain, Chem10T, was isolated from soil around Inche-Broun hypersaline wetland in the north of Iran. Strain Chem10T was strictly aerobic, and catalase- and oxidase-positive. The isolate grew with 0–3 % NaCl, at 20–40 °C and at pH 6.0–8.0. The optimum temperature and pH for growth were 30 °C and pH 7.0, respectively. The cell wall of strain Chem10T contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as diamino acid and galactose, ribose and arabinose as whole-cell sugars. The polar lipid pattern contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. Strain Chem10T synthesized cellular fatty acids of the straight-chain saturated and mono-unsaturated, and iso- and anteiso-branched types C14 : 0, C16 : 0, iso-C16 : 1, anteiso-C17 : 0, iso-C16 : 0, iso-C14 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0, and the major respiratory quinone was MK-9(H4). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 70.7 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain Chem10T belonged to the family Pseudonocardiaceae and showed the closest phylogenetic similarity to Alloactinosynnema album KCTC 19294T (98.3 %) and Actinokineospora cibodasensis DSM 45658T (97.9 %). DNA–DNA relatedness values between the novel strain and strains Alloactinosynnema album KCTC 19294T and Actinokineospora cibodasensis DSM 45658T were only 52 % and 23 %, respectively. On the basis of phylogenetic analysis, phenotypic characteristics and DNA–DNA hybridization data, a novel species of the genus Alloactinosynnema is proposed, Alloactinosynnema iranicum sp. nov. The type strain is Chem10T ( = IBRC-M 10403T = CECT 8209T). In addition, an emended description of the genus Alloactinosynnema is proposed.

Luteibaculum oceani gen. nov., sp. nov., a carotenoid-producing, lipolytic bacterium isolated from surface seawater, and emended description of the genus Owenweeksia Lau et al. 2005

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_12) ◽  
pp. 4765-4770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariyam Shahina ◽  
Asif Hameed ◽  
Shih-Yao Lin ◽  
Wei-An Lai ◽  
You-Cheng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Surface Seawater ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
Emended Description

A yellow-pigmented, Gram-staining-negative, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped, non-flagellated, non-spore-forming, lipolytic and gliding marine bacterium designated strain CC-AMWY-103BT was isolated from surface seawater collected at Kending, Taiwan. The strain shared the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 89.4 % with Owenweeksia hongkongensis JCM 12287T and Brumimicrobium mesophilum YH207T, and established a distinct phyletic lineage associated with the members of the family Cryomorphaceae . The polar lipid profile of strain CC-AMWY-103BT consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, ten unidentified lipids and four unidentified aminolipids. The major fatty acids (>5 % of the total) were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 G, C15 : 1ω5c, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and C15 : 1ω8c. The DNA G+C content was 44.2±0.3 mol%. The predominant respiratory quinone was menaquinone-6 (MK-6) and the major polyamine was spermidine. Based on its genetic, phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic distinctiveness, strain CC-AMWY-103BT is proposed to represent a distinct member of the family Cryomorphaceae , for which the name Luteibaculum oceani gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain of Luteibaculum oceani is CC-AMWY-103BT ( = JCM 18817T = BCRC 80551T). An emended description of the genus Owenweeksia is also proposed.

Shimia biformata sp. nov., isolated from surface seawater, and emended description of the genus Shimia Choi and Cho 2006

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_12) ◽  
pp. 4533-4539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asif Hameed ◽  
Mariyam Shahina ◽  
Shih-Yao Lin ◽  
Wei-An Lai ◽  
Yi-Han Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Surface Seawater ◽  
Unidentified Phospholipid ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Polar Lipid Profile ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Emended Description

A novel, Gram-staining-negative, non-flagellated, oval or short-rod-shaped, strictly aerobic and non-spore-forming marine bacterium, designated strain CC-AMW-CT, was isolated from coastal surface seawater in Kending County, Taiwan. Cells of strain CC-AMW-CT displayed unusual morphology and formed colourless or beige colonies on marine agar. The isolate shared pairwise 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 97.2 and 97.1 % with Shimia marina BCRC 80068T and Shimia isoporae BCRC 80085T, respectively, and established a discrete phyletic lineage closely associated with the members of the genus Shimia . DNA–DNA hybridization values indicated <18.2 % genomic relatedness with species of the genus Shimia . The polar lipid profile of strain CC-AMW-CT comprised diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, two unidentified aminolipids, four unidentified lipids and an unidentified phospholipid. The predominant fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c (summed feature 8; 75.5 %). The DNA G+C content was 61.2 mol%. The predominant respiratory quinone was ubiquinone Q-10 and the major polyamine was cadaverine. The chemotaxonomic evidence, including extraordinary amounts of C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c, major polar lipids, polyamine, quinone and DNA G+C contents of CC-AMW-CT, was in line with that of the members of the genus Shimia . Thus, strain CC-AMW-CT should be classified as a novel species of the genus Shimia , for which the name Shimia biformata sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CC-AMW-CT ( = JCM 18818T = BCRC 80548T). An emended description of the genus Shimia is also proposed.

Mucilaginibacter aquatilis sp. nov., Mucilaginibacter arboris sp. nov., and Mucilaginibacter ginkgonis sp. nov., novel bacteria isolated from freshwater and tree bark

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heeyoung Kang ◽  
Haneul Kim ◽  
Seokhyeon Bae ◽  
Kiseong Joh
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Tree Bark ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type

Three Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, non-motile and rod-shaped bacterial strains, designated as HME9299T, HMF7410T and HMF7856T, were isolated from freshwater and tree bark collected in Yong-in, Republic of Korea. Strains HME9299T, HMF7410T and HMF7856T exhibited the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 97.2, 94.4 and 96.4 % to Mucilaginibacter daejeonensis Jip 10T, Mucilaginibacter terrae CCM 8645T and Mucilaginibacter phyllosphaerae PP-F2F-G21T, respectively. Among themselves, the values were 94.1–95.7 %. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences of the three isolates revealed that they belonged to the genus Mucilaginibacter within the family Sphingobacteriaceae . The predominant fatty acids of three strains were summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1  ω7c and/or C16 : 1  ω6c) and iso-C15 : 0. Strain HME9299T contained a relatively large amount of C16 : 1  ω5c. The predominant respiratory quinone was menaquinone-7. The genome sizes of strains HME9299T, HMF7410T and HMF7856T were 4.33, 4.16 and 3.68 Mbp, respectively, and their DNA G+C contents were 41.6, 38.4 and 43.9 mol%, respectively. Based on the results of the phenotypic, genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic investigation, three novel species, Mucilaginibacter aquatilis sp. nov, Mucilaginibacter arboris sp. nov. and Mucilaginibacter ginkgonis sp. nov., are proposed. The type strains are HME9299T (=KCTC 42122T=DSM 29146T), HMF7410T (=KCTC 62464T=NBRC 113227T) and HMF7856T (=KCTC 72782T=NBRC 114275T), respectively.

scholarly journals Sneathiella chungangensis sp. nov., isolated from a marine sand, and emended description of the genus Sneathiella

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_5) ◽  
pp. 1468-1472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chatuphon Siamphan ◽  
Hyungjin Kim ◽  
Jung-Sook Lee ◽  
Wonyong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sand Sample ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Marine Sand ◽  
Emended Description

A Gram-stain-negative, non-spore-forming, motile, strictly aerobic bacterial strain, designated CAU 1294T, was isolated from a sand sample and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach. The strain grew optimally at pH 6.5 and 30 °C and in the presence of 2 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain CAU 1294T formed a lineage with member of the genus Sneathiella and exhibited similarity to Sneathiella glossodoripedis MKT133T (96.3 % similarity) and Sneathiella chinensis LMG 23452T (95.1 % similarity). Strain CAU 1294T contained Q-10 as the predominant respiratory quinone. C18 : 1ω7c, C16 : 0 and cyclo-C19 : 0ω8c were the major cellular fatty acids. The polar lipids were composed of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine and two unidentified phospholipids. The DNA G+C content was 56.6 mol%. On the basis of these results, strain CAU 1294T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Sneathiella , for which the name Sneathiella chungangensis is proposed. The type strain is CAU 1294T ( = KCTC 32476T = CECT 8513T). An emended description of the genus Sneathiella is also proposed.

scholarly journals Cribrihabitans neustonicus sp. nov., isolated from coastal surface seawater, and emended description of the genus Cribrihabitans Chen et al. 2014

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_11) ◽  
pp. 3897-3903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asif Hameed ◽  
Mariyam Shahina ◽  
Shih-Yao Lin ◽  
Wei-An Lai ◽  
You-Cheng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Surface Seawater ◽  
Unidentified Phospholipid ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Unidentified Lipid ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Emended Description

A Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, rod- or oval-shaped, motile, non-spore-forming bacterium, designated strain CC-AMHB-3T, was isolated from coastal surface seawater off Hualien, Taiwan. The novel strain showed high pairwise 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to Ruegeria mobilis NBRC 101030T (96.5 %), Ruegeria scottomollicae LMG 24367T (96.4 %), Phaeobacter aquaemixtae SSK6-1T (96.2 %), Phaeobacter daeponensis TF-218T (96.2 %), Cribrihabitans marinus CZ-AM5T (96.1 %) and other species of the family Rhodobacteraceae (≤95.9 %). However, strain CC-AMHB-3T formed a distinct phyletic lineage associated with C. marinus CZ-AM5T during phylogenetic analyses. The polar lipid profile of strain CC-AMHB-3T included major amounts of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine; moderate amounts of phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified aminolipid, an unidentified phospholipid and an unidentified lipid; and trace amounts of an unidentified lipid and an unidentified phospholipid, which was qualitatively almost in line with that of C. marinus CZ-AM5T but remarkably distinct as compared with the type species of the genera Ruegeria ( Ruegeria atlantica JCM 21234T) and Phaeobacter ( Phaeobacter gallaeciensis JCM 21319T). In line with the fatty acid profile of C. marinus CZ-AM5T, the major (>5 % of total) fatty acids of strain CC-AMHB-3T were C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c (summed feature 8), 11-methyl C18 : 1ω7c and C16 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 66.7 mol%. Ubiquinone-10 (Q-10) was the sole respiratory quinone. Thus, based on the results of the polyphasic study presented here, strain CC-AMHB-3T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Cribrihabitans , for which the name Cribrihabitans neustonicus sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is CC-AMHB-3T ( = JCM 19537T = BCRC 80695T). In addition, an emended description of the genus Cribrihabitans is also proposed.

Algoriphagus taeanensis sp. nov., isolated from a tidal flat, and emended description of Algoriphagus hitonicola

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_1) ◽  
pp. 21-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haneul Kim ◽  
Yochan Joung ◽  
Kiseong Joh
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Flat ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Polar Lipids ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Emended Description

A Gram-staining-negative, aerobic and rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated HMC4223T, was isolated from a tidal flat in Taean, Republic of Korea. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain HMC4223T formed a lineage within the genus Algoriphagus and exhibited highest sequence similarity to Algoriphagus hitonicola 7-UAHT (96.3 %). The major fatty acids of strain HMC4223T were iso-C15 : 0 and summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c). The major respiratory quinone was MK-7. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine and five unidentified polar lipids. The DNA G+C content of strain HMC4223T was 48.4 mol%. On the basis of the evidence presented in this study, strain HMC4223T represents a novel species of the genus Algoriphagus , for which the name Algoriphagus taeanensis sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain HMC4223T ( = KCTC 22709T = NBRC 105728T). An emended description of Algoriphagus hitonicola is also presented.

Robertkochia marina gen. nov., sp. nov., of the family Flavobacteriaceae, isolated from surface seawater, and emended descriptions of the genera Joostella and Galbibacter

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_2) ◽  
pp. 533-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asif Hameed ◽  
Mariyam Shahina ◽  
Shih-Yao Lin ◽  
Wei-An Lai ◽  
You-Cheng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Surface Seawater ◽  
Unidentified Phospholipid ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family

A Gram-staining-negative, orange-pigmented, strictly aerobic, carotenoid-producing, rod-shaped, non-flagellated, non-spore-forming bacterium, motile by gliding, designated strain CC-AMO-30DT, was isolated from surface seawater collected near Taichung harbour, Taiwan. Strain CC-AMO-30DT shared pairwise 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 94.8, 93.7 and 92.5 % with the type strains of the type species of the genera Joostella , Pustulibacterium and Galbibacter , respectively, and formed a distinct monophyletic lineage in phylogenetic trees. The major fatty acids (≥5 % of total) were iso-C15 : 1 G, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, iso-C15 : 0 3-OH, iso-C16 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0. The polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, four unidentified lipids, two unidentified aminolipids and an unidentified phospholipid. The major polyamine was the triamine sym-homospermidine. The DNA G+C content was 47.1 mol% and the predominant respiratory quinone was menaquinone-6 (MK-6). Based on the phylogenetic distinctiveness and distinguishing phenotypic characteristics, strain CC-AMO-30DT represents a novel genus and species of the family Flavobacteriaceae , for which the name Robertkochia marina gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain of the type species Robertkochia marina is CC-AMO-30DT ( = JCM 18552T = BCRC 80469T). Emended descriptions of the genera Joostella and Galbibacter are also proposed.

Gramella aestuarii sp. nov., isolated from a tidal flat, and emended description of Gramella echinicola

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_8) ◽  
pp. 2872-2878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Hyeon Jeong ◽  
Hyun Mi Jin ◽  
Che Ok Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Flat ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Strictly Aerobic ◽  
Respiratory Quinone ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Emended Description

A Gram-staining-negative, yellow-pigmented, strictly aerobic bacterial strain motile by gliding, designated BS12T, was isolated from a tidal flat at Boseong, Korea. Cells were moderately halotolerant, catalase- and oxidase-positive rods. Growth was observed at 5–40 °C (optimum, 25 °C), at pH 5.5–9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0–7.5) and in the presence of 1–11 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2–4 %). The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, iso-C17 : 1ω9c and anteiso-C15 : 0. The polar lipid pattern comprised phosphatidylethanolamine, four unidentified aminolipids and three unidentified lipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 42.3 mol% and the only respiratory quinone was menaquinone 6. Phylogenetic inference based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain BS12T formed a tight phyletic lineage with members of the genus Gramella . Strain BS12T was most closely related to ‘ Gramella jeungdoensis’ HMD3159 with sequence similarity of 97.5 %, but the DNA–DNA relatedness value between the two strains was only 22.1±2.2 %. On the basis of phenotypic and molecular features, strain BS12T was shown to represent a novel species of the genus Gramella , for which the name Gramella aestuarii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BS12T ( = KACC 16188T = JCM 17790T). An emended description of Gramella echinicola is also proposed.

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