scholarly journals ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Ovaliviridae

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Huang ◽  
Haina Wang ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Genome ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Virus Taxonomy ◽  
Enveloped Viruses ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
Virus Progeny ◽  
Linear Dsdna ◽  
Infected Cells

Ovaliviridae is a family of enveloped viruses with a linear dsDNA genome. The virions are ellipsoidal, and contain a multi-layered spool-like capsid. The viral genome is presumably replicated through protein priming by a putative DNA polymerase encoded by the virus. Progeny virions are released through hexagonal openings resulting from the rupture of virus-associated pyramids formed on the surface of infected cells. The only known host is a hyperthermophilic archaeon of the genus Sulfolobus . This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Ovaliviridae, which is available at ictv.global/report/ovaliviridae.

scholarly journals ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Hepadnaviridae

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 571-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Magnius ◽  
William S. Mason ◽  
John Taylor ◽  
Michael Kann ◽  
Dieter Glebe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Family Members ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Virus Taxonomy ◽  
Enveloped Viruses ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
The Family

The family Hepadnaviridae comprises small enveloped viruses with a partially double-stranded DNA genome of 3.0–3.4 kb. All family members express three sets of proteins (preC/C, polymerase and preS/S) and replication involves reverse transcription within nucleocapsids in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. Hepadnaviruses are hepatotropic and infections may be transient or persistent. There are five genera: Parahepadnavirus, Metahepadnavirus, Herpetohepadnavirus, Avihepadnavirus and Orthohepadnavirus. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Hepadnaviridae, which is available at ictv.global/report/hepadnaviridae.

scholarly journals ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Marnaviridae 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew S. Lang ◽  
Marli Vlok ◽  
Alexander I. Culley ◽  
Curtis A. Suttle ◽  
Yoshitake Takao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Committee ◽  
Virus Taxonomy ◽  
Enveloped Viruses ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
Positive Sense ◽  
Freshwater Environments

The family Marnaviridae comprises small non-enveloped viruses with positive-sense RNA genomes of 8.6–9.6 kb. Isolates infect marine single-celled eukaryotes (protists) that come from diverse lineages. Some members are known from metagenomic studies of ocean virioplankton, with additional unclassified viruses described from metagenomic datasets derived from marine and freshwater environments. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Marnaviridae, which is available at ictv.global/report/marnaviridae.

scholarly journals ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Portogloboviridae

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Prangishvili ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Mart Krupovic ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Committee ◽  
Hyperthermophilic Archaea ◽  
Virus Taxonomy ◽  
Lipid Layer ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
The Family ◽  
Protein Shell

Portogloboviridae is a family of viruses with circular, double-stranded DNA genomes of about 20 kbp. Their icosahedral virions have a diameter of 87 nm, and consist of an outer protein shell, an inner lipid layer and a nucleoprotein core wound up into a spherical coil. Portogloboviruses infect hyperthermophilic archaea of the genus Saccharolobus , order Sulfolobales and are presumably nonlytic. Portogloboviruses encode mini-CRISPR arrays which they use to compete against other co-infecting viruses. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Portogloboviridae, which is available at ictv.global/report/portogloboviridae.

scholarly journals ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Thaspiviridae 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Geol Kim ◽  
Khaled S. Gazi ◽  
Mart Krupovic ◽  
Sung-Keun Rhee ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Virus Replication ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Virus Taxonomy ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Archaea ◽  
The Family ◽  
Linear Dsdna

Members of the family Thaspiviridae have linear dsDNA genomes of 27 to 29 kbp and are the first viruses known to infect mesophilic ammonia-oxidizing archaea of the phylum Thaumarchaeota. The spindle-shaped virions of Nitrosopumilus spindle-shaped virus 1 possess short tails at one pole and measure 64±3 nm in diameter and 112±6 nm in length. This morphology is similar to that of members of the families Fuselloviridae and Halspiviridae. Virus replication is not lytic but leads to growth inhibition of the host. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Thaspiviridae, which is available at ictv.global/report/thaspiviridae.

scholarly journals ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Retroviridae 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Coffin ◽  
Jonas Blomberg ◽  
Hung Fan ◽  
Robert Gifford ◽  
Theodora Hatziioannou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Cell ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Viral Genome ◽  
Inner Core ◽  
Endogenous Retrovirus ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Virus Taxonomy ◽  
The Family ◽  
Vertebrate Hosts ◽  
Provirus Integration

Viruses in the family Retroviridae are found in a wide variety of vertebrate hosts. Enveloped virions are 80–100 nm in diameter with an inner core containing the viral genome and replicative enzymes. Core morphology is often characteristic for viruses within the same genus. Replication involves reverse transcription and integration into host cell DNA, resulting in a provirus. Integration into germline cells can result in a heritable provirus known as an endogenous retrovirus. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Retroviridae, which is available at ictv.global/report/retroviridae.

scholarly journals ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Bornaviridae

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis Rubbenstroth ◽  
Thomas Briese ◽  
Ralf Dürrwald ◽  
Masayuki Horie (堀江真行) ◽  
Timothy H. Hyndman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Virus Taxonomy ◽  
Borna Disease Virus ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rna Genome ◽  
Negative Sense ◽  
Borna Disease

Members of the family Bornaviridae produce enveloped virions containing a linear negative-sense non-segmented RNA genome of about 9 kb. Bornaviruses are found in mammals, birds, reptiles and fish. The most-studied viruses with public health and veterinary impact are Borna disease virus 1 and variegated squirrel bornavirus 1, both of which cause fatal encephalitis in humans. Several orthobornaviruses cause neurological and intestinal disorders in birds, mostly parrots. Endogenous bornavirus-like sequences occur in the genomes of various animals. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Bornaviridae, which is available at ictv.global/report/bornaviridae.

ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Nyamiviridae 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf G. Dietzgen ◽  
Andrew E. Firth ◽  
Dàohóng Jiāng ◽  
Sandra Junglen ◽  
Hideki Kondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Genome Organisation ◽  
Virus Taxonomy ◽  
Link Type ◽  
A Genome ◽  
The Family ◽  
Negative Sense

Nyamiviridae is a family of viruses in the order Mononegavirales, with unsegmented (except for members of the genus Tapwovirus), negative-sense RNA genomes of 10–13 kb. Nyamviruses have a genome organisation and content similar to that of other mononegaviruses. Nyamiviridae includes several genera that form monophyletic clades on phylogenetic analysis of the RNA polymerase. Nyamiviruses have been found associated with diverse invertebrates as well as land- and seabirds. Members of the genera Nyavirus and Socyvirus produce enveloped, spherical virions. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Nyamiviridae, which is available at ictv.global/report/nyamiviridae.

scholarly journals ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Metaviridae

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (11) ◽  
pp. 1131-1132
Author(s):  
Carlos Llorens ◽  
Beatriz Soriano ◽  
Mart Krupovic ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Virus Taxonomy ◽  
Long Terminal Repeats ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
Terminal Repeats

Metaviridae is a family of retrotransposons and reverse-transcribing viruses with long terminal repeats belonging to the order Ortervirales. Members of the genera Errantivirus and Metavirus include, respectively, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ty3 virus and its Gypsy-like relatives in drosophilids. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Metaviridae, which is available at ictv.global/report/metaviridae.

scholarly journals ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Geminiviridae 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvira Fiallo-Olivé ◽  
Jean-Michel Lett ◽  
Darren P. Martin ◽  
Philippe Roumagnac ◽  
Arvind Varsani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Committee ◽  
Insect Vectors ◽  
Virus Taxonomy ◽  
Circular Dna ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World

The family Geminiviridae includes viruses with mono- or bipartite single-stranded, circular DNA genomes of 2.5–5.2 kb. They cause economically important diseases in most tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Geminiviruses infect dicot and monocot plants and are transmitted by insect vectors. DNA satellites are associated with some geminiviruses. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Geminiviridae which is available at ictv.global/report/geminiviridae.

scholarly journals ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Plectroviridae

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petar Knezevic ◽  
Evelien M. Adriaenssens ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
International Committee ◽  
Virus Taxonomy ◽  
Single Stranded Dna ◽  
Rolling Circle ◽  
Bacterial Surface ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Rigid Rods ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rolling Circle Mechanism

Members of the family Plectroviridae produce particles that are non-enveloped rigid rods (70–280×10–16 nm). The supercoiled, circular, single-stranded DNA genome of about 4.5–8.3 kb, encodes 4–13 proteins. Viruses of this family infect cell wall-less bacteria, adsorbing to the bacterial surface, replicating their DNA by a rolling-circle mechanism or transposition, and releasing progeny from cells by extrusion, without killing the host. This is a summary of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) Report on the family Plectroviridae which is available at ictv.global/report/plectroviridae.

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