Molecular identification of Vibrio harveyi-related isolates associated with diseased aquatic organisms

Microbiology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 150 (6) ◽  
pp. 1769-1777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Gomez-Gil ◽  
Sonia Soto-Rodríguez ◽  
Alejandra García-Gasca ◽  
Ana Roque ◽  
Ricardo Vazquez-Juarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Vibrio Harveyi ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Genomic Fingerprinting ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Vibrio Campbellii ◽  
Experimental Strains ◽  
Reference Strains

Fifty strains belonging to Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio campbellii, and the recently described Vibrio rotiferianus, were analysed using phenotypic and genomic techniques with the aim of analysing the usefulness of the different techniques for the identification of V. harveyi-related species. The species V. harveyi and V. campbellii were phenotypically indistinguishable by more than 100 phenotypic features. Thirty-nine experimental strains were phenotypically identified as V. harveyi, but FAFLP, REP-PCR, IGS-PCR and DNA–DNA hybridization proved that they in fact belong to the species V. campbellii. Similar groupings were found among all fingerprinting methodologies (except IGS-PCR). Thirty-two experimental strains clustered with the V. campbellii type and one reference strain; seven strains clustered with the V. harveyi type and three reference strains; and the type and four reference strains of V. rotiferianus grouped together. The correlations between DNA–DNA hybridization and the genomic fingerprinting by FAFLP and (GTG)5-PCR were found to be above 0·68 and statistically significant, suggesting the value of the latter techniques for the reliable identification of V. harveyi-related species. The results presented indicate that strains phenotypically identified as V. harveyi are in fact V. campbellii; these findings position V. campbellii as an important species involved in diseases of reared aquatic organisms.

Differentiation of closely related species by DNA hybridization

Meat Science ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten F. Ebbehøj ◽  
Preben D. Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Closely Related Species

Monepantel: the most studied new anthelmintic drug of recent years

Parasitology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 141 (13) ◽  
pp. 1686-1698 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. LECOVÁ ◽  
L. STUCHLÍKOVÁ ◽  
L. PRCHAL ◽  
L. SKÁLOVÁ
Keyword(s):  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Similar Efficacy ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Soil Microflora ◽  
Parent Molecule ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Anthelmintic Drug ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Molecular Mode

SUMMARYMonepantel (MOP), a new anthelmintic drug from a group of amino-acetonitrile derivatives, has been intensively studied during last years. Many authors examined this new drug from different perspectives, e.g. efficacy against different species and stages of parasites, mode of action, metabolism, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, resistance, ecotoxicity, etc. MOP is an anthelmintic for livestock (currently only sheep and goats), with molecular mode of action which is different to all other anthelmintics. MOP has a broad-spectrum of activity against gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep, including adults and L4 larvae of the most important species. The key feature of MOP is its full effectiveness against strains of nematodes resistant to benzimidazoles, levamisole, macrocyclic lactones and closantel. After oral administration, MOP is quickly absorbed into the bloodstream and quickly metabolized to MOP sulfone that has a similar efficacy as the parent molecule. Several other MOP metabolites formed in ovine hepatocytes were described. MOP and its metabolites are considered to be non-toxic to environment and its components, such as soil microflora, aquatic organisms, dung organisms, vegetation, etc. The aim of the presented review was not to collect all reported data but to bring an overview of various approaches in the study of MOP and to evaluate their principal results.

scholarly journals Novel Class A β-Lactamase Sed-1 fromCitrobacter sedlakii: Genetic Diversity of β-Lactamases within the Citrobacter Genus

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 2287-2298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Petrella ◽  
Dominique Clermont ◽  
Isabelle Casin ◽  
Vincent Jarlier ◽  
Wladimir Sougakoff
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽  
Transcriptional Regulator ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Clinical Strain ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Class A ◽  
Gene Coding ◽  
Quinolone Antibiotics ◽  
Reference Strains

ABSTRACT Citrobacter sedlakii 2596, a clinical strain resistant to aminopenicillins, carboxypenicillins, and early cephalosporins such as cephalothin, but remaining susceptible to acylureidopenicillins, carbapenems, and later cephalosporins such as cefotaxime, was isolated from the bile of a patient treated with β-lactam and quinolone antibiotics. The isolate produced an inducible class A β-lactamase of pI 8.6, named Sed-1, which was purified. Characterized by a molecular mass of 30 kDa, Sed-1 preferentially hydrolyzed benzylpenicillin, cephalothin, and cloxacillin. The corresponding gene,bla Sed-1, was cloned and sequenced. Its deduced amino acid sequence shared more than 60% identity with the chromosome-encoded β-lactamases from Citrobacter koseri(formerly C. diversus) (84%), Klebsiella oxytoca (74%), Serratia fonticola (67%), andProteus vulgaris (63%) and 71% identity with the plasmid-mediated enzyme MEN-1. A gene coding for a LysR transcriptional regulator was found upstream from bla Sed-1. This regulator, named SedR, displayed 90% identity with the AmpR sequence of the chromosomal β-lactamase from C. koseriand 63 and 50% identity with the AmpR sequences of P. vulgaris and Enterobacter cloacae, respectively. By using DNA-DNA hybridization, a bla Sed-1-like gene was identified in two reference strains, C. sedlakii(CIP-105037) and Citrobacter rodentium (CIP-104675), but not in the 18 strains of C. koseri studied. Two DNA fragments were amplified and sequenced from the reference strains ofC. sedlakii CIP-105037 and C. rodentiumCIP-104675 using two primers specific forbla Sed-1. They shared 98 and 80% identity withbla Sed-1, respectively, confirming the diversity of the chromosomally encoded class A β-lactamases found inCitrobacter.

scholarly journals Stenotrophomonas africana Drancourt et al. 1997 is a later synonym of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (Hugh 1981) Palleroni and Bradbury 1993

2004 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 1235-1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Coenye ◽  
Elke Vanlaere ◽  
Enevold Falsen ◽  
Peter Vandamme
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Protein Patterns ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Binding Level ◽  
Reference Strains ◽  
Type Strains

Type and reference strains of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Stenotrophomonas africana were compared with each other and with the type strains of other Stenotrophomonas species, using SDS-PAGE of whole-cell proteins, DNA–DNA hybridization and extensive biochemical characterization. S. maltophilia LMG 958T and S. africana LMG 22072T had very similar whole-cell-protein patterns and were also biochemically very similar. A DNA–DNA binding level of 70 % between both type strains confirmed that S. africana and S. maltophilia represent the same taxon. It is concluded that S. africana is a later synonym of S. maltophilia.

scholarly journals Bacillus thuringiensis isolates entomopathogenic for Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) and Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 1039-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Gobatto ◽  
SG. Giani ◽  
M. Camassola ◽  
AJP. Dillon ◽  
A. Specht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Anticarsia Gemmatalis ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Reference Strains ◽  
Cry1 Gene

Samples of the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) were collected from soil and insects. Eight isolates were selected from rural soil, 15 from urban soil and 11 from insects. These were evaluated for entomopathogenicity against larvae of Anticarsia gemmatalis and Culex quinquefasciatus. The pathogenicity tests showed that a higher percentage of isolates were active against A. gemmatalis (60%) compared to C. quinquefasciatus (31%). Probit analysis (LC50) indicated that against A. gemmatalis four of the isolates presented values similar to the reference strain against A. gemmatalis, while against C. quinquefasciatus one isolate showed an LC50 similar to the reference strain (IPS-82). SDS-PAGE characterisation of two isolates showed a 27 kDa protein fraction related to the Bt subspecies israelensis cytolytic toxin (cyt) gene. One 130 kDa protein, possibly related to the Bt crystal inclusions (cry1) gene, was identified in the other two isolates, which were more toxic for lepidoptera; another isolate presented a protein of 100 kDa. Some new local Bt isolates had similar LC50 probit values to the reference strains.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of stolbur phytoplasmas in pepper and tomato from Bulgaria

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 00025
Author(s):  
Dimitriyka Sakalieva
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Natural Plant ◽  
Conserved Genes ◽  
Reference Strains

Tomato and pepper are the main vegetable crops cultivated in Bulgaria. Phytoplasma diseases, mainly stolbur, are important plant diseases for these crops in Bulgaria. The goal of the present paper was to verify association of phytoplasmas with the observed disease symptoms in tomato and pepper and to identify the phytoplasmas detected using RFLP analysis of conserved genes and other uncharacterised phytoplasma chromosomal regions. The presence of phytoplasmas was confirmed in all the samples of tomato and pepper showing typical stolbur symptoms. A phytoplasm sample, which caused severe symptoms, showed the same pattern as the reference strain Mol, while all other phytoplasmic reference strains showed different polymorphisms. RFLP profiles were found useful in distinguishing phytoplasmas in stolbur subgroup (16SrXII-A) in natural plant hosts.

scholarly journals Halomonas ventosae sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, denitrifying, exopolysaccharide-producing bacterium

2004 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 733-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. José Martínez-Cánovas ◽  
Emilia Quesada ◽  
Inmaculada Llamas ◽  
Victoria Béjar
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Sequence Comparison ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Saline Soils ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Sea Salts ◽  
Terminal Electron Acceptor ◽  
Moderately Halophilic ◽  
Reference Strains

Halomonas ventosae sp, nov. includes three moderately halophilic, exopolysaccharide-producing strains isolated from saline soils in Jaén (south-eastern Spain). These strains can grow anaerobically using either nitrate or nitrite as terminal electron acceptor and hydrolyse both tyrosine and phenylalanine. Their G+C content varies between 72·6 and 74·3 mol%. The affiliation of the isolates with the genus Halomonas was confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison. DNA–DNA hybridization shows 70·4–82·7 % relatedness among the three strains. Nevertheless, their relatedness is less than 43 % compared to related reference strains. The proposed type strain for Halomonas ventosae is strain Al12T (=CECT 5797T=DSM 15911T). It grows best at 8 % (w/v) sea salts and requires the presence of Na+. Its major fatty acids are 18 : 1 ω7c, 16 : 0, 16 : 1 ω7c, and 15 : 0 iso 2-OH. The predominant respiratory lipoquinone found in strain Al12T is ubiquinone with nine isoprene units (Q-9).

scholarly journals Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of Xanthomonas campestris strains isolated from cabbage, kale and broccoli

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 585-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjana Popovic ◽  
Dragana Josic ◽  
Mira Starovic ◽  
P. Milovanovic ◽  
N. Dolovac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rdna ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Genotypic Characterization ◽  
Hypodermic Syringe ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris Pv Campestris ◽  
Reference Strains ◽  
Phenotypic And Genotypic Characterization

Thirty-six strains of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) isolated from cabbage, kale and broccoli were identified according to their pathogenicity, phenotypic and genotypic characterization. Pathogenicity was confirmed by the injection method with a hypodermic syringe into the mesophilic tissue of cabbage leaves. All strains were Gramnegative, aerobic, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, grew at 35?C, produced levan, H2S and indole, did not reduce nitrate, hydrolyzed Tween 80, starch, gelatin and esculin and did not show tolerance to 0.1 and 0.02% TTC. The strains produced acid from d-arabinose, arginine, dulcitol, galactose, d-glucose, maltose, mannose, sorbitol, sucrose and xylose. The genetic characterization was based on the sequence analyses of 16S rDNA and ERIC and BOX PCR. Strains of different pathovars were also used to compare PCR resulting patterns. BOX-PCR of the strains from kale and broccoli, obtained using (GTG)5 primer, yielded patterns with a high similarity level to pathovar reference strain Xcc. The strains from cabbage yielded BOX and ERIC product patterns, distinguishing them from the other tested strains and reference strains. 16S rDNA of the representative strains was closely related to Xcc strain ATCC 33913. ERIC PCR and BOX using (GTG)5 primer generated different Xcc patterns and were effective in distinguishing strains from different plant hosts.

Identification of soil bacteria expressing a symbiotic plasmid from Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trofolii

1997 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sivakumaran ◽  
B. D. W. Jarvis ◽  
P. J. Lockhart
Keyword(s):  
Dna Hybridization ◽  
Sinorhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Root Nodule ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Rhizobium Tropici ◽  
Rhizobium Loti ◽  
Rrna Sequencing ◽  
Reference Strains ◽  
Good Agreement

A hundred strains of non-nodulating, Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria were isolated from clover–ryegrass pastures on three different soil types and from a sandy loam under lupins. When crossed with Escherichia coli PN200 containing the cointegrate plasmid pPN1, 11 transconjugants gained the ability to form nodules on the roots of white clover (Trifolium repens cv. Grasslands Huia). A nodA probe indicated that they had gained nodulation genes. The identities of these 11 strains and 4 others derived from earlier work on non-nodulating root nodule bacteria, were determined by ribotyping, DNA – DNA hybridization, and partial 16S rRNA sequencing. Good agreement was obtained between the three methods, and 11 of the strains were identified as Rhizobium leguminosarum (6), Rhizobium loti (2), Rhizobium etli (1), Rhizobium tropici (1), and Sinorhizobium meliloti (1). DNA –DNA hybridization indicated that the remaining four strains were related to the Rhizobium leguminosarum reference strains. The existence of several species of non-nodulating rhizobia in pasture soil, including species for which the normal host plant was absent, is discussed in relation to the fate of symbiotic plasmids from Rhizobium seed inoculants. It is also suggested that new species should be named for the geographical region from which they are first isolated rather than the host plant.Key words: Rhizobium, non-nodulating, nonsymbiotic, isolation, identification.

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