scholarly journals Isolates of cytomegalovirus (CMV) from the black rat Rattus rattus form a distinct group of rat CMV

2004 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 1313-1317 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Smith ◽  
J. N. Tonkin ◽  
M. A. Lawson ◽  
G. R. Shellam
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Distinct Group ◽  
Virus Species ◽  
Black Rat ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Brown Rat ◽  
Prototype Virus

Two different betaherpesviruses, the English and Maastricht species of rat cytomegalovirus (CMV), have previously been isolated from Rattus norvegicus. CMVs were isolated from both the brown rat, R. norvegicus, and the black rat, R. rattus, within Australia. The viruses isolated from R. norvegicus appeared to be genetically related to the English species of rat CMV by PCR, RFLP, and sequencing, but the viruses isolated from R. rattus were distinct from both prototype virus species, although more closely genetically related to the Maastricht virus. This is the first genetic characterization of cytomegaloviruses from R. rattus, and the first isolation of CMVs from Australian rats.

scholarly journals First mtDNA Sequences and Body Measurements for Rattus norvegicus from the Mediterranean Island of Cyprus

Life ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Eleftherios Hadjisterkotis ◽  
George Konstantinou ◽  
Daria Sanna ◽  
Monica Pirastru ◽  
Paolo Mereu
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Mitochondrial Control Region ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Black Rat ◽  
Mediterranean Island ◽  
Brown Rat ◽  
Primary Driver ◽  
Black Rats

Invasive species are the primary driver of island taxa extinctions and, among them, those belonging to the genus Rattus are considered as the most damaging. The presence of black rat (Rattus rattus) on Cyprus has long been established, while that of brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) is dubious. This study is the first to provide molecular and morphological data to document the occurrence of R. norvegicus in the island of Cyprus. A total of 223 black rats and 14 brown rats were collected. Each sample was first taxonomically attributed on the basis of body measurements and cranial observations. Four of the specimens identified as R. norvegicus and one identified as R. rattus were subjected to molecular characterization in order to corroborate species identification. The analyses of the mitochondrial control region were consistent with morphological data, supporting the taxonomic identification of the samples. At least two maternal molecular lineages for R. norvegicus were found in Cyprus. The small number of brown rats collected in the island, as well as the large number of samples of black rats retrieved in the past years might be an indication that the distribution of R. norvegicus is still limited into three out of the six districts of Cyprus.

Genetic characterization of black rat (Rattus rattus) of the Canary Islands: origin and colonization

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2367-2372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes López ◽  
Pilar Foronda ◽  
Carlos Feliu ◽  
Mariano Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Canary Islands ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Black Rat

scholarly journals Ecological aspects of the epidemiology of infection with leptospires of the Ballum serogroup in the black rat (Rattus rattus) and the brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) in New Zealand

1981 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Hathaway ◽  
D. K. Blackmore
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Suitable Host ◽  
Indirect Transmission ◽  
Black Rat ◽  
Brown Rat ◽  
High Level ◽  
Black Rats

SummaryEpidemiological aspects of infection with leptospires of the Ballum serogroup in black rats (Rattus rattus) and brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) are described. Rats inhabiting a variety of habitats were investigated and isolates identified as belonging to the Ballum serogroup were obtained from 21 of 61 black rats (34%) and 63 of 243 brown rats (26%). The high level of endemic Ballum serogroup infection in these species reported here has not been described in other countries.A statistical relationship was shown between the prevalence of infection in brown rat populations and population density but this was not evident for black rats. Epidemiological data indicates that the black rat is a maintenance host for leptospires of the Ballum serogroup in New Zealand. The brown rat does not appear to be an efficient maintenance host for these leptospires, however endemic infection can be maintained in high-density populations inhabiting synanthropic foci.An hypothesis of ‘competitive exclusion’ (preferential maintenance of a particular serovar by a host species) is introduced with regard to leptospiral infection in brown rats. It is concluded that the establishment and maintenance of an endemic focus of leptospirosis is dependant on: introduction of a particular serovar; a suitable host; and a suitable host habitat. Within a maintenance population direct transmission appears to be more important than indirect transmission via the environment.

scholarly journals Genetic Characterization of Thyroglobulin and Leptin Genes in Pasundan Cattle at West Java

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Widya Pintaka Bayu Putra ◽  
Saiful Anwar ◽  
Syahruddin Said ◽  
Romanos Albert Adhitya Indarto ◽  
Putri Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Rare Allele ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Dominant Allele ◽  
West Java ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Molecular Selection ◽  
Lep Gene ◽  
Informative Content

The Thyroglobulin (TG) and Leptin (LEP) genes are two candidate genes that widely used for molecular selection to improve carcass traits in beef cattle. This research was carried out to identify the genetic characterization of TG and LEP genes from 47 heads of Pasundan cows at West Java using PCR-RFLP method. Research shows that TG gene of Pasundan cattle is monomorphic with C allele as the dominant allele (1.00). However, LEP gene of Pasundan cattle is polymorphic with C allele as the dominant allele (0.98) and T as the rare allele (0.02). The polymorphic informative content (PIC) and numberof effective allele (ne) values in the LEP gene in the animal studied were 0.04 and 1.04 respectively. It was concluded that TG/BstYI and LEP/Sau3AI gene in the present study can not be used as molecular selection in Pasundan cattle. These results are important as the basic information for preparing the molecular selection program in the future.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Two Mitochondrial Gene Sequences of Strobilocercus Fasciolaris in the Livers of Brown Rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Heilongjiang Province in Northeastern China

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengnian Zhao ◽  
Yun Zhou ◽  
Yanchen Wu ◽  
Kexin Zhou ◽  
Aiqin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Northeastern China ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Morphological Observation ◽  
Heilongjiang Province ◽  
Gene Sequences

Rodents constitute the largest and most successful group of mammals worldwide. Brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) are one of the most common rodent species, and they serve as intermediate hosts of Hydatigera taeniaeformis. Although there have been a few studies reporting on the presence of the larval form of H. taeniaeformis (strobilocercus fasciolaris) in brown rats worldwide, little information is available on the genetic characterization of this parasite, with no molecular data from China. Therefore, from April 2014 to March 2016, this study was carried out to understand the prevalence and genetic characters of strobilocercus fasciolaris in brown rats captured in Heilongjiang Province in northeastern China. The livers of brown rats were collected and examined for the presence of cysts. Each cyst was identified based on morphological observation: the larvae with the naked eye and the scolexes under a microscope. The results were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 (nad4) genes. At the investigated sites, 11.8% (13/110) of the brown rats were infected with strobilocercus fasciolaris. Based on sequence analysis, there were 10 and six haplotypes regarding the cox1 and the nad4 loci, with 24 and 42 polymorphic sites, respectively (degree of intraspecific variation: 0.3%–4.4% and 0.6%–4.7%, respectively). Twelve nucleotide sequences (six of the 10 at the cox1 locus and all six at the nad4 locus) have not previously been described. Base differences in three of the six novel cox1 gene sequences and five of the six novel nad4 gene sequences caused amino acid changes. Phylogenetic analyses of the cox1 and nad4 gene sequences based on neighbor-joining and Bayesian inference trees indicated that all the strobilocercus fasciolaris isolates belonged to Hydatigera taeniaeformis sensu stricto (s.s.). This is the first report on the genetic characterization of strobilocercus fasciolaris in brown rats in China. The findings of novel cox1 and nad4 nucleotide and amino acid sequences may reflect the region-specific genetic characterization of the parasite. The data will be useful to explore the biological and epidemiological significance of the intraspecific variation within H. taeniaeformis s.s.

scholarly journals USE OF PCR-RFLP FOR GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF ECHINOCOCCUS GRANULOSUSISOLATES FROM EGYPT

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 249-257
Author(s):  
Doaa Nassar ◽  
Hala Elwakil ◽  
Hayam Ezz Eldin ◽  
Hanan Abou-Seri ◽  
Khalifa Khalifa
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Pcr Rflp
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