Prevalence and Genetic Characterization of Two Mitochondrial Gene Sequences of Strobilocercus Fasciolaris in the Livers of Brown Rats (Rattus norvegicus) in Heilongjiang Province in Northeastern China

Rodents constitute the largest and most successful group of mammals worldwide. Brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) are one of the most common rodent species, and they serve as intermediate hosts of Hydatigera taeniaeformis. Although there have been a few studies reporting on the presence of the larval form of H. taeniaeformis (strobilocercus fasciolaris) in brown rats worldwide, little information is available on the genetic characterization of this parasite, with no molecular data from China. Therefore, from April 2014 to March 2016, this study was carried out to understand the prevalence and genetic characters of strobilocercus fasciolaris in brown rats captured in Heilongjiang Province in northeastern China. The livers of brown rats were collected and examined for the presence of cysts. Each cyst was identified based on morphological observation: the larvae with the naked eye and the scolexes under a microscope. The results were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 (nad4) genes. At the investigated sites, 11.8% (13/110) of the brown rats were infected with strobilocercus fasciolaris. Based on sequence analysis, there were 10 and six haplotypes regarding the cox1 and the nad4 loci, with 24 and 42 polymorphic sites, respectively (degree of intraspecific variation: 0.3%–4.4% and 0.6%–4.7%, respectively). Twelve nucleotide sequences (six of the 10 at the cox1 locus and all six at the nad4 locus) have not previously been described. Base differences in three of the six novel cox1 gene sequences and five of the six novel nad4 gene sequences caused amino acid changes. Phylogenetic analyses of the cox1 and nad4 gene sequences based on neighbor-joining and Bayesian inference trees indicated that all the strobilocercus fasciolaris isolates belonged to Hydatigera taeniaeformis sensu stricto (s.s.). This is the first report on the genetic characterization of strobilocercus fasciolaris in brown rats in China. The findings of novel cox1 and nad4 nucleotide and amino acid sequences may reflect the region-specific genetic characterization of the parasite. The data will be useful to explore the biological and epidemiological significance of the intraspecific variation within H. taeniaeformis s.s.

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Characterization of the Gallate Dioxygenase Gene: Three Distinct Ring Cleavage Dioxygenases Are Involved in Syringate Degradation by Sphingomonas paucimobilis SYK-6

Journal of Bacteriology ◽

10.1128/jb.187.15.5067-5074.2005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 187 (15) ◽

pp. 5067-5074 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

Daisuke Kasai ◽

Eiji Masai ◽

Keisuke Miyauchi ◽

Yoshihiro Katayama ◽

Masao Fukuda

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Amino Acid Sequences ◽

Terminal Region ◽

Ring Cleavage ◽

Sphingomonas Paucimobilis ◽

Acid Protein ◽

Demethylation Pathway ◽

Dioxygenase Gene ◽

Amino Acid Protein

ABSTRACT Sphingomonas paucimobilis SYK-6 converts vanillate and syringate to protocatechuate (PCA) and 3-O-methylgallate (3MGA) in reactions with the tetrahydrofolate-dependent O-demethylases LigM and DesA, respectively. PCA is further degraded via the PCA 4,5-cleavage pathway, whereas 3MGA is metabolized via three distinct pathways in which PCA 4,5-dioxygenase (LigAB), 3MGA 3,4-dioxygenase (DesZ), and 3MGA O-demethylase (LigM) are involved. In the 3MGA O-demethylation pathway, LigM converts 3MGA to gallate, and the resulting gallate appears to be degraded by a dioxygenase other than LigAB or DesZ. Here, we isolated the gallate dioxygenase gene, desB, which encodes a 418-amino-acid protein with a molecular mass of 46,843 Da. The amino acid sequences of the N-terminal region (residues 1 to 285) and the C-terminal region (residues 286 to 418) of DesB exhibited ca. 40% and 27% identity with the sequences of the PCA 4,5-dioxygenase β and α subunits, respectively. DesB produced in Escherichia coli was purified and was estimated to be a homodimer (86 kDa). DesB specifically attacked gallate to generate 4-oxalomesaconate as the reaction product. The Km for gallate and the V max were determined to be 66.9 ± 9.3 μM and 42.7 ± 2.4 U/mg, respectively. On the basis of the analysis of various SYK-6 mutants lacking the genes involved in syringate degradation, we concluded that (i) all of the three-ring cleavage dioxygenases are involved in syringate catabolism, (ii) the pathway involving LigM and DesB plays an especially important role in the growth of SYK-6 on syringate, and (iii) DesB and LigAB are involved in gallate degradation.

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Analysis of Neurotoxin Cluster Genes in Clostridium botulinum Strains Producing Botulinum Neurotoxin Serotype A Subtypes

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.02828-07 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 74 (9) ◽

pp. 2778-2786 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Mark J. Jacobson ◽

Guangyun Lin ◽

Brian Raphael ◽

Joanne Andreadis ◽

Eric A. Johnson

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Clostridium Botulinum ◽

Botulinum Neurotoxin ◽

Amino Acid Sequences ◽

Gene Sequences ◽

Amino Acid Levels ◽

Cluster Type ◽

Botulinum Neurotoxin Serotype A ◽

Cluster Gene ◽

Degree Of Similarity

ABSTRACT Neurotoxin cluster gene sequences and arrangements were elucidated for strains of Clostridium botulinum encoding botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) subtypes A3, A4, and a unique A1-producing strain (HA− Orfx+ A1). These sequences were compared to the known neurotoxin cluster sequences of C. botulinum strains that produce BoNT/A1 and BoNT/A2 and possess either a hemagglutinin (HA) or an Orfx cluster, respectively. The A3 and HA− Orfx+ A1 strains demonstrated a neurotoxin cluster arrangement similar to that found in A2. The A4 strain analyzed possessed two sets of neurotoxin clusters that were similar to what has been found in the A(B) strains: an HA cluster associated with the BoNT/B gene and an Orfx cluster associated with the BoNT/A4 gene. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the neurotoxin cluster-specific genes were determined for each neurotoxin cluster and compared among strains. Additionally, the ntnh gene of each strain was compared on both the nucleotide and amino acid levels. The degree of similarity of the sequences of the ntnh genes and corresponding amino acid sequences correlated with the neurotoxin cluster type to which the ntnh gene was assigned.

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Prevalence and genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii in donkeys in northeastern China

Infection Genetics and Evolution ◽

10.1016/j.meegid.2017.08.008 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

pp. 455-457 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Xiao-Xuan Zhang ◽

Wei Shi ◽

Nian-Zhang Zhang ◽

Kun Shi ◽

Jian-Ming Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Genetic Characterization ◽

Northeastern China

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Molecular characterization of Prunus necrotic ringspot virus isolated from rose in Brazil

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20141810 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 45 (12) ◽

pp. 2197-2200 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Thor Vinícius Martins Fajardo ◽

Monique Bezerra Nascimento ◽

Marcelo Eiras ◽

Osmar Nickel ◽

Gilvan Pio-Ribeiro

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Molecular Characterization ◽

Molecular Analysis ◽

Nucleotide Sequences ◽

Amino Acid Sequences ◽

Causal Agent ◽

Ringspot Virus ◽

Prunus Necrotic Ringspot Virus ◽

First Time

ABSTRACT: There is no molecular characterization of Brazilian isolates of Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV), except for those infecting peach. In this research, the causal agent of rose mosaic was determined and the movement (MP) and coat (CP) protein genes of a PNRSV isolate from rose were molecularly characterized for the first time in Brazil. The nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of MP and CP complete genes were aligned and compared with other isolates. Molecular analysis of the MP and CP nucleotide sequences of a Brazilian PNRSV isolate from rose and others from this same host showed highest identities of 96.7% and 98.6%, respectively, and Rose-Br isolate was classified in PV32 group.

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Molecular genetic characterization of rabies virus glycoprotein gene sequences from rabid dogs in Bangkok and neighboring provinces in Thailand, 2013–2014

Archives of Virology ◽

10.1007/s00705-016-2789-8 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 161 (5) ◽

pp. 1261-1271 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Surachet Benjathummarak ◽

Chanon Fa-ngoen ◽

Chonlatip Pipattanaboon ◽

Khwanchit Boonha ◽

Pongrama Ramasoota ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rabies Virus ◽

Genetic Characterization ◽

Molecular Genetic ◽

Gene Sequences ◽

Rabies Virus Glycoprotein ◽

Virus Glycoprotein ◽

Glycoprotein Gene ◽

Molecular Genetic Characterization

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Amino acid sequences of mouse 2.5S nerve growth factor. I. Isolation and characterization of the soluble tryptic and chymotryptic peptides

Biochemistry ◽

10.1021/bi00725a017 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 90-100 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Ruth Hogue Angeletti ◽

Delio Mercanti ◽

Ralph A. Bradshaw

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Nerve Growth Factor ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Amino Acid Sequences ◽

Nerve Growth ◽

Factor I ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

Growth Factor I

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Morphology and molecular characterization of newly isolated microalgae strain Chlorella volutis LIPI13-WKT066 from Wakatobi Islands and its potential use

ANNALES BOGORIENSES ◽

10.14203/ann.bogor.2019.v23.n1.13-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 13

Author(s):

Delicia Yunita Rahman ◽

Swastika Praharyawan ◽

Sapto Raharjo ◽

Farizul Fadiyah ◽

Dwi Susilaningsih

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Molecular Characterization ◽

Acid Content ◽

National Park ◽

Amino Acid Content ◽

Morphological Observation ◽

Future Application ◽

Health Application ◽

Potential Use

Morphology and molecular characterization of microalgae isolated from Wakatobi Marine National Park was conducted. An understanding of the characteristics of morphology, molecular, as well as metabolites profile of the microalgae species is potentially useful for its future application. The primary aim of this study was to isolate, identify and characterize the microalgae strain isolated from Wakatobi Marine National Park labeled as LIPI13-WKT066 with the emphasis on the evaluation of amino acid content as a basis for its health application. Morphological observation under the microscope and molecular identification suggested that the microalgae strain of LIPI13-WKT066 belong to the strain under species of Chlorella volutis. Metabolite characterization of the microalgae strain showed that the content of protein (11.9%), lipid (12.4%) and carbohydrate (4.7%) was in the regular range. Further analysis of its amino acid content revealed the potency of the microalgae strain to be used as antihypertensive agent.

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In vitro and In Silico Approach For Characterization of Antimicrobial Peptide From Probiotics Against Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia Coli

10.21203/rs.3.rs-366314/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Amrutha Bindu ◽

Lakshmi Devi

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Antimicrobial Peptide ◽

Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽

Exchange Chromatography ◽

Amino Acid Sequences ◽

Proteinase K ◽

Kinetic Assay ◽

Wide Range

Abstract The focus of present study was to characterize antimicrobial peptide produced by probiotic cultures, Enterococcus durans DB-1aa (MCC4243), Lactobacillus plantarum Cu2-PM7 (MCC4246) and Lactobacillus fermentum Cu3-PM8 (MCC4233) against Staphylococus aureus and E. coli. The growth kinetic assay revealed 24 h of incubation to be optimum for bacteriocin production. The partially purified compound after ion-exchange chromatography was found to be thermoresistant and stable under wide range of pH. The compound was sensitive to proteinase-K, but resistant to trypsin, a-amylase and lipase. The apparent molecular weight of bacteriocin from MCC4243 and MCC4246 was found to be 3.5 KDa. Translated partial amino acid sequence of plnA gene in MCC4246 displayed 48 amino acid sequences showing 100% similarity with plantaricin A of Lactobacillus plantarum (WP_0036419). The sequence revealed 7 β sheets, 6 α sheets, 6 predicted coils and 9 predicted turns. The functions on cytoplasm show 10.82 isoelectric point and 48.6% hydrophobicity. The molecular approach of using Geneious Prime software and protein prediction data base for characterization of bacteriocin is novel and predicts “KSSAYSLQMGATAIKQVKKLFKKWGW” as peptide responsible for antimicrobial activity. The study provides information about broad spectrum bacteriocin in native probiotic culture and paves a way towards its application in functional foods as biopreservative agents.

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