scholarly journals Optimization of Sunflower Oil Transesterification Process Using Sodium Methoxide

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara KoohiKamali ◽  
Chin Ping Tan ◽  
Tau Chuan Ling
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Sodium Methoxide ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Ester Content ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Methyl Ester Content

In this study, the methanolysis process of sunflower oil was investigated to get high methyl esters (biodiesel) content using sodium methoxide. To reach to the best process conditions, central composite design (CCD) through response surface methodology (RSM) was employed. The optimal conditions predicted were the reaction time of 60 min, an excess stoichiometric amount of alcohol to oil ratio of 25%w/w and the catalyst content of 0.5%w/w, which lead to the highest methyl ester content (100%w/w). The methyl ester content of the mixture from gas chromatography analysis (GC) was compared to that of optimum point. Results, confirmed that there was no significant difference between the fatty acid methyl ester content of sunflower oil produced under the optimized condition and the experimental value (P≥0.05). Furthermore, some fuel specifications of the resultant biodiesel were tested according to American standards for testing of materials (ASTM) methods. The outcome showed that the methyl ester mixture produced from the optimized condition met nearly most of the important biodiesel specifications recommended in ASTM D 6751 requirements. Thus, the sunflower oil methyl esters resulted from this study could be a suitable alternative for petrol diesels.

scholarly journals Influence of Oryzanols Concentrate on the Oxidation of Methyl Ester Linoleic Acid and Study of Their Oxidation Products

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Bruno Irigaray ◽  
Iván Jachmanián ◽  
María A. Grompone
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Rice Bran Oil ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Linoleic Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Acid Methyl

Oryzanols are frequently found in rice bran oil but almost completely removed in the neutralization step when the oil is chemically refined. In this way, oryzanols can be recovered from the soapstocks to generate a concentrate. Thereby, they could be used as antioxidants in lipids for specific purposes. In the present work the antioxidant power of oryzanols concentrate (33% purity) was studied together with pure oryzanols and butylhydroxytoulene (BHT). Methyl esters were prepared from regular sunflower oil without antioxidants to which the antioxidants before mentioned were added in an effective concentration of 3x10-3 M. The samples were oxidized in a heating block with oxygen flow and the hydroperoxides of linoleic acid methyl ester were analyzed. It was observed that all antioxidants were able to protect the sunflower oil methyl esters from oxidation with respect to methyl esters without antioxidants. Oryzanols presented a notoriously lower protection ability compared to BHT. However, the formation of the linoleic acid methyl ester hydroperoxides and their proportion, for the same oxidation stage, did not show differences between the antioxidants used. Therefore, the oxidation kinetics were similar between the different antioxidants studied.

scholarly journals Evaluation of 3-Methylbutanoic Acid Methyl Ester as a Factor Influencing Flavor Cleanness in Arabica Specialty Coffee

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5413
Author(s):  
Keiko Iwasa ◽  
Harumichi Seta ◽  
Yoshihide Matsuo ◽  
Koichi Nakahara
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Arabica Coffee ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Coffee Brew ◽  
Coffee Beans ◽  
Specialty Coffee

This paper reports on the chemical compounds in arabica coffee beans with a high Specialty Coffee Association (SCA) cupping score, especially those in specialty coffee beans. We investigated the relationship between the chemical compounds and cupping scores by considering 16 types of Coffea arabica (arabica coffee) beans from Guatemala (SCA cupping score of 76.5–89.0 points). Non-targeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based chemometric profiling indicated that specialty beans with a high cupping score contained considerable amounts of methyl-esterified compounds (MECs), including 3-methylbutanoic acid methyl ester (3-MBM), and other fatty acid methyl esters. The effect of MECs on flavor quality was verified by spiking the coffee brew with 3-MBM, which was the top-ranked component, as obtained through a regression model associated with cupping scores. Notably, 3-MBM was responsible for the fresh-fruity aroma and cleanness of the coffee brew. Although cleanness is a significant factor for specialty beans, the identification of compounds that contribute to cleanness has not been reported in previous research. The chemometric profiling approach coupled with spiking test validation will improve the identification and characterization of 3-MBM commonly found in arabica specialty beans. Therefore, 3-MBM, either alone or together with MECs, can be used as a marker in coffee production.

Identification of Methyl Ester Content from Waste Cooking Oil Using Gas Chromatographic Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
pp. 297-300
Author(s):  
Nor Hazwani Abdullah ◽  
Sulaiman Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Ionization Detector ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Ester Content ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Acid Methyl

Waste cooking oil has always been an environment problem in food factories and one method of effect disposing this oil without effecting the environment is to convert it to fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) using small scale pilot plant. The conversion of waste cooking oil with sodium hydroxide as a catalyst in conversional process at 22kHz speed. The reaction of time, molar ratio, speed, catalyst and amount of catalyst will be effect in FAME quality. The quality of biodiesel define is total ester content using gas chromatography. Gas chromatography analysis is a one of technique for identification and quantitation of compounds in a biodiesel sample. From biodiesel sample can identification of contaminants and fatty acid methyl ester. In this research biodiesel sample were analyses using a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector ( Perkin Elmer GC Model Clarus 500) equipped with a DB-5 HT capillary column ( 0.53mm x 5 m) J&W Scientific. The analytic conditions for ester content were as follow by: column temperature used 2100C, temperature flame ionization detector (FID) of 2500C, pressure of 80kPa, flow carrier gas of 1ml/min, temperature injector of 2500C, split flow rate of 50ml/min, time for analysis 20 minute and volume injected of 1 μl. The ester content (C), expresses as a mass fraction in present using formula (EN 14103, 2003a) calculation. Conversion of triglyceride (TG) to FAME using conversional process obtained 96.54 % w.t with methanol to oil molar ratio 6:1, 1%w.t acid sulphuric and 1% w.t sodium hydroxide catalyst.

Determination of Methyl Ester Content of Pectin

1945 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 507-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude H. Hills ◽  
Clyde L. Ogg ◽  
Rudolph Speiser
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Ester Content ◽  
Methyl Ester Content

Effect of Saturation and Unsaturation of Fatty Methyl Esters on Biodiesel NOx Emission Characteristics

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 766-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Thangaraja ◽  
S. Rajkumar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Nox Formation ◽  
Acid Methyl

Biodiesel is a renewable fuel and an attractive alternative to replace fossil diesel without major engine modifications. However, the emissions of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) from biodiesel fuelled engines are reported to be higher compared to diesel engine. The characteristics of biodiesel are known to depend on their fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) contents which vary with the feedstock. Thus the contribution of saturation and unsaturation of pure components of fatty acid methyl esters on NOx formation warrants a systematic investigation. This paper attempts to relate the composition of biodiesel with NOx formation. For this purpose, the NO formation from pure fatty acid methyl esters are predicted using extended Zeldovich reaction scheme. Also, the experiments are conducted for measuring oxides of nitrogen from a compression ignition engine operated using neat palm and karanja methyl esters and their blends providing biodiesel combinations of varying degree of saturation for investigation. The measured NOx concentrations are compared with the corresponding predictions to affirm the influence of fatty acid methyl ester on engine NOx characteristics. The results clearly indicate that the change in degree of saturation influences the NOx formation and an increase in the degree of saturation of biodiesel decreases the engine NOx emission.

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