scholarly journals Restructuring of the Electricity Industry and Environmental Issues: A California Research Program

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 357-368
Author(s):  
Edward L. Vine
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Electricity Industry ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Energy Research ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Environmentally Sound

As part of the restructuring of the electricity industry in many states, public benefits funding has emerged as a primary mechanism for supporting social benefits such as energy efficiency and research and development (R&D). In California, a Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) Program was established to �conduct public interest energy research that seeks to improve the quality of life for California�s citizens by providing environmentally sound, safe, reliable, and affordable energy services and products. PIER includes the full range of research, development, and demonstration activities that will advance science or technology not adequately provided by competitive and regulated markets.� The PIER Program is comprised of six PIER Program funding areas, including the Energy-Related Environmental Research. The overall mission of the Energy-Related Environmental Research is to �Develop cost-effective approaches to evaluating and resolving environmental effects of energy production, delivery, and use in California, and explore how new energy applications and products can solve environmental problems.� This paper describes the process used in developing these approaches and identifies a set of environmental issues that the State plans to evaluate.

Aichi-Rinku New Energy Research Area

2010 ◽  
Vol 130 (6) ◽  
pp. 336-339
Author(s):  
Masayuki YODA ◽  
Kazuto YUKITA ◽  
Yuki OHSHIMA ◽  
Kiyonori BAN ◽  
Maki FUJINAGA
Keyword(s):  
Research Area ◽  
Energy Research ◽  
New Energy

Cost Effective Synthesis and Fabrication of Phase-Pure Kesterite Cu2-xZn1.3SnS4 P-type Absorber Layer Thin Films by Solvent Based Process Technique for Photovoltaic Solar Energy Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
B. Khadambari ◽  
S. S. Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Absorber Layer ◽  
Window Layer ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
Process Technique ◽  
Absorber Material ◽  
Effective Synthesis ◽  
P Type

Solar has become one of the fastest growing renewable energy sources. With the push towards sustainability it is an excellent solution to resolve the issue of our diminishing finite resources. Alternative photovoltaic systems are of much importance to utilize solar energy efficiently. The Cu-chalcopyrite compounds CuInS2 and CuInSe2 and their alloys provide absorber material of high absorption coefficients of the order of 105 cm-1. Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) is more promising material for photovoltaic applications as Zn and Sn are abundant materials of earth’s crust. Further, the preparation of CZTS-ink facilitates the production of flexible solar cells. The device can be designed with Al doped ZnO as the front contact, n-type window layer (e.g. intrinsic ZnO); an n-type thin film buffer layer (e.g. CdS) and a p-type CZTS absorber layer with Molybdenum (Mo) substrate as back contact. In this study, CZTS films were synthesized by a non-vaccum solvent based process technique from a molecular-ink using a non toxic eco-friendly solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The deposited CZTS films were optimized and characterized by XRD, UV-visible spectroscopy and SEM.

scholarly journals Anion ordering enables fast H− conduction at low temperatures

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (23) ◽  
pp. eabf7883
Author(s):  
Hiroki Ubukata ◽  
Fumitaka Takeiri ◽  
Kazuki Shitara ◽  
Cédric Tassel ◽  
Takashi Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Structural Transition ◽  
Hexagonal Lattice ◽  
Ionic Conductors ◽  
Activation Barriers ◽  
Energy Devices ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
Chemical Disorder ◽  
New Energy

The introduction of chemical disorder by substitutional chemistry into ionic conductors is the most commonly used strategy to stabilize high-symmetric phases while maintaining ionic conductivity at lower temperatures. In recent years, hydride materials have received much attention owing to their potential for new energy applications, but there remains room for development in ionic conductivity below 300°C. Here, we show that layered anion-ordered Ba2−δH3−2δX (X = Cl, Br, and I) exhibit a remarkable conductivity, reaching 1 mS cm−1 at 200°C, with low activation barriers allowing H− conduction even at room temperature. In contrast to structurally related BaH2 (i.e., Ba2H4), the layered anion order in Ba2−δH3−2δX, along with Schottky defects, likely suppresses a structural transition, rather than the traditional chemical disorder, while retaining a highly symmetric hexagonal lattice. This discovery could open a new direction in electrochemical use of hydrogen in synthetic processes and energy devices.

Movements, Networks, Hierarchies: A Gender Perspective on Global Environmental Governance

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Bretherton
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Women's Movements ◽  
Participatory Process ◽  
Global Environmental Governance ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Transnational Mobilization ◽  
Environmentally Sound

Environmental governance may be distinguished from environmental management by the implication that, in the former, some form of participatory process is involved. Here, the focus is upon the potential for women's movements and networks to influence the principles and practices of global environmental governance (GEG). It is contended that, in principle, women are uniquely placed to oppose the dominant norms informing GEG; and that women's participation would, in consequence, be crucial to the achievement of equitable and environmentally sound forms of governance. In practice, however, a number of factors combine to create divisions between women, and hence to impede transnational mobilization by women around environmental issues. This article examines these issues.

Research on New Energy Industrial Upgrading in Tianjin Based on SWOT Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 986-987 ◽  
pp. 489-492
Author(s):  
Qi Qi Yang ◽  
Fang Xu Han
Keyword(s):  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
International Community ◽  
Energy Industry ◽  
Industrial Upgrading ◽  
New Energy

The development of new energy industry is one of the important breakthroughs to solve energy and environmental issues and fulfill commitment to the international community for China. SWOT analysis was used to study the new energy industrial upgrading in Tianjin in this paper. By analyzing the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the development of new energy industry in Tianjin, the current situations and problems were summarized, in order to provide reference for the practice of new energy industrial upgrading in Tianjin.

scholarly journals Combined NOx and NH3 Slip Reduction in a Stoker Boiler Equipped with the Hybrid SNCR + SCR System FJBS+

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 8599
Author(s):  
Robert Wejkowski ◽  
Sylwester Kalisz ◽  
Przemysław Garbacz ◽  
Izabella Maj
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Ammonia Content ◽  
Ammonia Slip

The application of secondary NOx control methods in medium to low-capacity furnaces is a relatively new topic on the energy market and thus requires further research. In this paper, the results of full-scale research of SNCR and hybrid SNCR + SCR methods applied into a 29 MWth solid fuel fired stoker boiler is presented. The tests were performed for a full range of boiler loads, from 33% (12 MWth) to 103% (30 MWth) of nominal load. A novel SNCR + SCR hybrid process was demonstrated based on an enhanced in-furnace SNCR installation coupled with TiO2-WO3-V2O5 catalyst, which provides extra NOx reduction and works as an excess NH3 “catcher” as well. The performance of a brand-new catalyst was evaluated in comparison to a recovered one. The emission of NOx was reduced below 180 mg NOx/Nm3 at 6% O2, with ammonia slip in flue gas below 10 mg/Nm3. Special attention was paid to the analysis of ammonia slip in combustion products: flue gas and fly ash. An innovative and cost-effective method of ammonia removal from fly ash was presented and tested. The main idea of this method is fly ash recirculation onto the grate. As a result, ammonia content in fly ash was reduced to a level below 6.1 mg/kg.

Journalism as an Advocacy Tool: Negotiating Boundaries of Professionalism in the 20th-Century American Environmental Movement

2020 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 1080-1100
Author(s):  
Suzannah Evans Comfort
Keyword(s):  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Environmental Movement ◽  
Political Opportunities ◽  
Audubon Society ◽  
Environmental Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
The 1960S

Environmental nongovernmental organizations faced unprecedented opportunities after public interest in environmental issues exploded in the 1960s. Drawing on the official archives of the Wilderness Society, the Sierra Club, and the National Audubon Society, this study demonstrates how these organizations redeveloped their publications to take advantage of newfound public interest and political opportunities in the 1960s through the 1980s. The organizations adopted professional journalistic norms and practices in their publications to court mass appeal and gain political legitimacy, but their journalistic endeavors were hampered by internal disagreements over the use of journalism as an advocacy tool.

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