scholarly journals IMO-HIP 2015 Report: An Evolutionary Game Theory Approach to evolutionary-enlightened application of chemotherapy in bone metastatic prostate cancer

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranav Warman ◽  
Arturo Araujo ◽  
Conor Lynch ◽  
David Basanta
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Game Theory ◽  
Evolutionary Game Theory ◽  
Metastatic Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Bone Remodelling ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Prostate Cancer Metastasis

Prostate cancer metastasis to the bone is predominantly lethal and results from the ability of successful metastatic prostate cancer cells to co-opt microenvironmental cells and processes involved in bone remodelling. Understanding how the interactions between tumour and stromal cells determine successful metastases and how metastatic tumours respond to treatment is an emergent process that is hard to asses biologically and thus can benefit from mathematical models. In this work we describe a mathematical model of bone remodelling and the establishment of a prostate cancer metastasis in the bone using evolutionary game theory. We have mathematically recapitulated the current paradigm of a vicious cycle driving the tumor growth and we have used this tool to investigate the key interactions between the tumour and the bone stroma. Crucially, the model sheds light on the role that the interactions of heterogeneous tumor cells with the bone microenvironment have in the treatment of cancer. Our results show that resistant populations naturally become dominant in the metastases under a number treatment schemes and that schedules designed by an evolutionary game theory approach could be used to better control the tumour and the associated bone growth than the current standard of care.

An Evolutionary Game Theory Approach to Modeling VMI Policies

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 10737-10742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fidel Torres ◽  
Cesar Garcia-Diaz ◽  
Naly Rakoto-Ravalontsalama
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Evolutionary Game Theory ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Theory Approach

AN EVOLUTIONARY GAME THEORY APPROACH TO MARKET COMPETITION AND COOPERATION

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (supp01) ◽  
pp. 1250044 ◽  
Author(s):  
ADRIAN VASILE ◽  
CARMEN EUGENIA COSTEA ◽  
TANIA GEORGIA VICIU
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Evolutionary Game Theory ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Evolutionary Process ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Market Potential ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Open Market ◽  
Additional Information

Evolutionary game theory can be attested as a practical apparatus in providing additional information on the workings of the open market and on the blueprint for dynamics in economic phenomena. Through an interdisciplinary approach to different game scenarios, the dependencies among market forces are observed, thus, being capable of offering insight on the incentives for adopting different behaviors. This paper takes use of the different factors that form the payoff of certain strategies which can be adopted by companies, and determines the prerequisites for cooperation or competition while all together constructing settings and predictions on the evolution of the phenomena. Determining the evolutionary stable strategy for different scenarios and looking at the way in which the probability of encountering a certain behavior is constructed, provide the possibility to determine the outcome of an ongoing evolutionary process. By studying the monotony of the probability function in respect to each of the factors that contribute to the payoffs, the study indicates that there is a positive relation between the percentage of population playing competitive strategies and market potential, costs, and risks of penalty for cooperation and a negative relation between this percentage and the disputed market share and supplementary winnings from arrangements.

Inpatient outcomes of pathological fractures in metastatic prostate cancer.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e17007-e17007
Author(s):  
Kriti Ahuja ◽  
Prasanth Lingamaneni ◽  
hisham laswi ◽  
Dennis Danso Kumi ◽  
Navika Chhabra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Home Health Care ◽  
Metastatic Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Pathological Fractures ◽  
Nursing Facility ◽  
Inpatient Outcomes ◽  
Hospitalization Costs ◽  
Prostate Cancer Metastasis

e17007 Background: Bone is a frequent site of metastasis in prostate cancer and is involved in 88% of patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Metastasis to bone increases the risk of pathological fractures, which are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. We performed a retrospective analysis on inpatient outcomes of pathological fractures in prostate cancer metastatic to bone in comparison to men with osteoporotic fractures. We also examined the disposition of these patients. Methods: We queried the Nationwide Inpatient Sample between 2016 and 2018 to retrospectively identify adult males with osteoporotic fractures and those with pathological fractures secondary to metastatic prostate cancer. We used T-test and chi-square test to compare means of continuous variables and compare proportions of categorical variables respectively. Multivariate analysis of predictors of mortality, length of stay, hospitalization costs and disposition in this group were performed. Results: A total of 22,800 fractures, combining osteoporotic fractures and pathological fractures due to metastatic prostate cancer were identified, of which the latter accounted for 13.6%. Patients with pathological fractures secondary to metastatic prostate cancer were younger (mean age 73.5 vs 77.5 years, p < 0.0001) and more likely to be black (16.4% vs 4.6%, p < 0.0001) or Hispanic (8.4% vs 5.1%, p < 0.0001). Adjusting for demographic variables and comorbidity burden, pathological fractures in patients with prostate cancer metastasis to the bone were not associated with a significant increase in mortality (aOR 1.46, 95% CI 0.82-2.60, p = 0.20) or length of hospital stay. However, they did have higher hospitalization costs by $2,610 per admission (p = 0.01). Patients with pathological fractures secondary to prostate cancer are less likely to be discharged to a nursing facility (aOR 0.50, 95% CI 0.40-0.62, p < 0.001) and are more likely to be transitioned to home health care (aOR 1.49, 95% CI 1.20-1.84, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Pathological fractures secondary to prostate cancer are less frequent than osteoporotic fractures in men and are not independent predictors of mortality or length of stay. This is in keeping with the relatively indolent course of prostate cancer. However, there is an increased cost of hospital stay associated with pathological fractures in metastatic prostate cancer. Interestingly, these patients are more likely to be discharged with home health care and are less likely to go to a nursing facility, making disposition a crucial aspect in the care of these patients.

scholarly journals The contribution of evolutionary game theory to understanding and treating cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Wölfl ◽  
Hedy te Rietmole ◽  
Monica Salvioli ◽  
Frank Thuijsman ◽  
Joel S. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Evolutionary Game Theory ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Game Theoretic

AbstractEvolutionary game theory mathematically conceptualizes and analyzes biological interactions where one’s fitness not only depends on one’s own traits, but also on the traits of others. Typically, the individuals are not overtly rational and do not select, but rather, inherit their traits. Cancer can be framed as such an evolutionary game, as it is composed of cells of heterogeneous types undergoing frequency-dependent selection. In this article, we first summarize existing works where evolutionary game theory has been employed in modeling cancer and improving its treatment. Some of these game-theoretic models suggest how one could anticipate and steer cancer’s eco-evolutionary dynamics into states more desirable for the patient via evolutionary therapies. Such therapies offer great promise for increasing patient survival and decreasing drug toxicity, as demonstrated by some recent studies and clinical trials. We discuss clinical relevance of the existing game-theoretic models of cancer and its treatment, and opportunities for future applications. We discuss the developments in cancer biology that are needed to better utilize the full potential of game-theoretic models. Ultimately, we demonstrate that viewing tumors with an evolutionary game theory approach has medically useful implications that can inform and create a lockstep between empirical findings, and mathematical modeling. We suggest that cancer progression is an evolutionary game and needs to be viewed as such.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document