scholarly journals Plasmodium simiumcausing human malaria: a zoonosis with outbreak potential in the Rio de Janeiro Brazilian Atlantic forest

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Brasil ◽  
Mariano Gustavo Zalis ◽  
Anielle de Pina-Costa ◽  
Andre Machado Siqueira ◽  
Cesare Bianco Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Zoonotic Transmission ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
National Council ◽  
Forest Region ◽  
Human Primate

SummaryBackgroundMalaria was eliminated from Southern and Southeastern Brazil over 50 years ago. However, an increasing number of autochthonous episodes attributed toPlasmodium vivaxhave been recently reported in the Atlantic forest region of Rio de Janeiro State.As P. vivax-like non-human primate malaria parasite speciesPlasmodium simiumis locally enzootic, we performed a molecular epidemiological investigation in order to determine whether zoonotic malaria transmission is occurring.MethodsBlood samples of humans presenting signs and/or symptoms suggestive of malaria as well as from local howler-monkeys were examined by microscopy and PCR. Additionally, a molecular assay based on sequencing of the parasite mitochondrial genome was developed to distinguish betweenP. vivaxandP. simium, and applied to 33 cases from outbreaks occurred in 2015 and 2016.ResultsOf 28 samples for which the assay was successfully performed, all were shown to beP. simium, indicating the zoonotic transmission of this species to humans in this region. Sequencing of the whole mitochondrial genome of three of these cases showed thatP. simiumis most closely related toP. vivaxparasites from South American.FindingsThe explored malaria outbreaks were caused byP. simium, previously considered a monkey-specific malaria parasite, related to but distinct fromP. vivax, and which has never conclusively been shown to infect humans before.InterpretationThis unequivocal demonstration of zoonotic transmission, 50 years after the only previous report ofP. simiumin man, leads to the possibility that this parasite has always infected humans in this region, but that it has been consistently misdiagnosed asP. vivaxdue to a lack of molecular typing techniques. Thorough screening of the local non-human primate and anophelines is required to evaluate the extent of this newly recognized zoonotic threat to public health and malaria eradication in Brazil.FundingFundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Rio de Janeiro (Faperj), The Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), JSPS Grant-in-Aid for scientific research, Secretary for Health Surveillance (SVS) of the Ministry of Health, Global Fund, and PRONEX Program of the CNPq.

scholarly journals An albino armored catfish Schizolecis guntheri (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from an Atlantic Forest coastal basin

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo F. G. de Brito ◽  
Érica P. Caramaschi
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Janeiro State ◽  
Coastal Basin

We report here on an albino specimen of Schizolecis guntheri caught in the rio Bonito in the rio Macaé basin, Rio de Janeiro State, southeastern Brazil. The hypothesis that albinism is more common in fishes with cryptobiotic and/or nocturnal habits is strengthened by additional records of this chromatic anomaly.

Miconia goldenbergiana (Melastomataceae, Miconieae): a new species from the Atlantic Forest, Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 356 (2) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
MAYARA K. CADDAH ◽  
JULIA MEIRELLES
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
A New Species

Miconia goldenbergiana, a new species from the Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil, is described and illustrated. The new species have been extensively collected since the end of the XIX century but have been confused with M. budlejoides and M. formosa, species that also have discolorous and suprabasal leaves and glomerulate inflorescences. From the first species, it can be distinguished by papyraceous leaves with the abaxial surface covered by lepidote trichomes. From the second species, it can be distinguished also by the texture of leaves, and by its narrower size, crenulate to serrulate margins and acute base, besides the smaller size of the flowers. The new species is known from the states of Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro and eastern São Paulo, and is in danger of extinction.

THE TADPOLE OF ZACHAENUS CARVALHOI IZECKSOHN, 1983 (ANURA: CYCLORAMPHIDAE)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4668 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIEGO ALMEIDA-SILVA ◽  
VIVIAN CÉLIA DE OLIVEIRA ROCHA-BARROS ◽  
RODRIGO BARBOSA FERREIRA ◽  
VANESSA KRUTH VERDADE
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Reproductive Mode ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Morphological Aspects ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Espirito Santo

The genus Zachaenus Cope is the least specious within Cycloramphidae, including two species: Z. carvalhoi Izecksohn, and Z. parvulus (Girard). Both are leaf litter species distributed across Atlantic forest remnants in Southeastern Brazil. Zachaenus carvalhoi occurs westerly in the states of Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais, and Z. parvulus easterly in the states of São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and Espírito Santo (Verdade et al. 2009; Motta et al. 2010; Salles & Maciel 2010; Oliveira et al. 2012; Guedes et al. 2019; Frost 2019). Both species build terrestrial nests, and larval development is endotrophic nidicolous (reproductive mode 21 after Haddad & Prado 2005; Lutz 1944; Thibaudeau & Altig 1999; Zocca et al. 2014). In this work, we describe the tadpoles of Z. carvalhoi, and discuss morphological aspects regarding other endotrophic tadpoles. 

scholarly journals Two new species of Myrcia (Myrtaceae) from Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 267 (3) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
CLAUDIA PIGATTI CALIARI ◽  
VINICIUS CASTRO SOUZA ◽  
FIORELLA F. MAZINE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Inflorescence Size ◽  
Two New Species

Two new species of Myrcia from the Atlantic rainforest in southeastern Brazil, Myrcia congestiflora and Myrcia longipaniculata are here described and illustrated. Myrcia congestiflora occurs in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro states and is similar to Myrcia cerqueiria, differing by having densely sericeous indumentum (versus sparse and shorter trichomes), larger flowers and flower buds (flower buds with 3–4 mm versus 1.1 mm long) and by acute or obtuse calyx lobes rather than rounded. Myrcia longipaniculata is known for one collection from the boundary of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro differing from Myrcia spectabilis mainly by the longer inflorescence size (29 cm versus 3.5–21.5 cm long.) as well as for presenting a strong reddish or ferruginous indumentum (versus brown to yellowish).

scholarly journals A SEMIOSFERA DA CIDADE DE SALVADOR COMO MODELO DE SEMIÓTICA DA CULTURA/ REPRESENTATIONS OF SALVADOR IN CONTEMPORARY BRAZILIAN LITERATURE: FOR A MODEL OF URBAN GEOPOETICS

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lícia Soares de SOUZA
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Long Memory ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
National Council ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Brazilian Literature ◽  
Cultural Mobility

Resumo: Este texto mostra as bases de um projeto apresentado ao CNPQ para renovação de bolsa de produtividade em pesquisa. O objetivo é o de analisar formações geopoéticas (R. BOUVET) de uma série de narrativas romanescas ambientadas na cidade de Salvador, suscetíveis de construir uma memória longa, com base na recuperação de linguagens oriundas de blocos memoriais em circulação na semiosfera (I. LOTMAN) urbana da Bahia. Nesse sentido, busca-se compor um corpus de romances, produzidos a partir dos anos 1980 até os dias atuais que tenham a cidade de Salvador como cenário. Pensa-se em proceder ao levantamento e à averiguação de obras que inscrevam o espaço urbano soteropolitano na rede estética nacional, que reflete as grandes contradições de uma modernização que insiste na exclusão social, onde já existem exemplos representando outras metrópoles como Rio de Janeiro, Recife, São Paulo, Porto Alegre, entre outras. No presente texto, a ênfase é posta na obra de Inês Pedrosa, A eternidade e o desejo (2008) que põe em confronto espaços de violência da cidade antiga e da cidade moderna, vista através dos sermões do padre Antônio Vieira. Quer-se flagrar o trabalho de mobilidade cultural apto a manifestar as transformações que ocorrem nos espaços urbanos soteropolitanos. Palavras chave: Geopoética urbana. Salvador. Memória longa. Semiosfera. Mobilidade cultural. Inês Pedrosa. Abstract: This text depicts the basis of a project presented to CNPQ- National Council for Scientific ant Technological Development- in order to renew research financing. Its aim is to analyse poetical formations (R. BOUVET) in narrative series in the city Salvador. These series can build a long memory dealing with memorial blocs that circulate in the urban semiosphery (I. LOTMAN) of Bahia. In this manner, we wish to compose a corpus of contemporary novels (from the 1980’ until now) with Salvador as scenary. We intend to investigate the works that show the big contradictions of modernization that insist on keeping social exclusions as depicted in others novels of Rio de Janeiro, Recife, São Paulo and Porto Alegre. In this text, we will emphasize one work of Inês Pedrosa, A eternidade e o desejo (2008), that confronts violent spaces in the old and the modern city that are described through Antonio Vieira’s sermons. We want to catch the work of cultural mobility that is able to manifest the transformations going on in urban space of Salvador. Key Words: Urban geopoetic. Salvador. Long memory. Semiosphery. Cultural mobility. Inês Pedrosa.

scholarly journals Bat assemblages from three Atlantic Forest fragments in Rio de Janeiro state, Southeastern Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e4404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Leonan Novaes ◽  
Daniel Rosa ◽  
Davor Vrcibradic ◽  
Leonardo Avilla
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Janeiro State

scholarly journals Impacts of a delayed and slow-paced vaccination on cases and deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic: a modelling study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Libotte ◽  
Lucas Anjos ◽  
Regina Célia Cerqueira de Almeida ◽  
Sandra Mara Malta ◽  
Roberto Medronho
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Gaussian Process Regression ◽  
Vaccination Rate ◽  
The State ◽  
National Council ◽  
Vaccination Rates ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Credible Intervals ◽  
Modelling Study

Abstract Background: In Brazil, vaccination has always been cutting across party political and ideological lines, which have delayed its start and brought the whole process into disrepute. Such divergences put the immunisation of the population in the background and create additional hurdles beyond the pandemic, mistrust and scepticism over vaccines.Methods: We conduct a mathematical modelling study to analyse the impacts of late vaccination and with slowly increasing coverage, as well as how harmful it would be if part of the population refused to get vaccinated or missed the second dose. We analyse data from confirmed cases, deaths caused by COVID-19, and vaccination in the state of Rio de Janeiro in the period between March 10, 2020, and October 27, 2021. The classical SIR model is extended to consider the effect of vaccination (efficacy, interval between doses, and vaccination rate) and data sets are regularised using Gaussian Process Regression. The model parameter distributions are estimated using Bayesian inference, aiming to obtain credible intervals in the simulations.Findings: We estimate that if the start of vaccination had been 30 days earlier, combined with efforts to drive vaccination rates up, 31,657 (25,801–35,117) deaths could have been averted. Our results also indicate that the slow pace of vaccination and the low demand for the second dose could cause a resurgence of cases as early as 2022.Interpretation: The government's inaction and lack of a strategic plan to fight the pandemic meant that vaccination started late, leading to thousands of deaths that could have been prevented. Even when reaching the expected vaccination coverage for the first dose, it is still challenging to increase adherence to the second dose and maintain a high vaccination rate to avoid new outbreaks.Funding: Carlos Chagas Filho Foundation for Supporting Research in the State of Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) and Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq).

Uanauna gen. nov., a new genus of fireflies endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic forest (Coleoptera: Lampyridae), with key to brazilian genera of Lucidotina

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4585 (1) ◽  
pp. 59 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUCAS CAMPELLO-GONÇALVES ◽  
PAULA M. SOUTO ◽  
JOSÉ R.M. MERMUDES ◽  
LUIZ F.L. SILVEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Serra Do Mar ◽  
Forest Habitats ◽  
Janeiro State

Here, we propose Uanauna gen. nov. (Lampyridae: Photinini), a new monotypic genus of fireflies endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Uanauna angaporan sp. nov. occurs in Submontane and Montane forest habitats at the Serra do Mar mountain range, in the Southern Fluminense region (Rio de Janeiro State, Southeastern Brazil). The new species was recorded both on the mainland, at the municipality of Itaguaí and Rio de Janeiro, and at the continental island of Ilha Grande, in Angra dos Reis, at the Rio de Janeiro State. An occurrence map and illustrations of diagnostic features are given for the new taxa, as well as a key to Lucidotina genera in Brazil. 

scholarly journals Feeding habits of Enyalius perditus (Squamata: Leiosauridae) in an Atlantic Forest remnant in southeastern Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Maia-Carneiro ◽  
Tatiana Motta-Tavares ◽  
Davor Vrcibradic ◽  
Mara C. Kiefer ◽  
Thiago A. Dorigo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Local Food ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
The State ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
Forest Remnant

Feeding habits of Enyalius perditus (Squamata: Leiosauridae) in an Atlantic Forest remnant in southeastern Brazil. In the present study, we aimed to provide information regarding feeding habits and other ecological aspects of Enyalius perditus in an Atlantic Forest remnant in the state of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil. Enyalius perditus individuals in Rio de Janeiro fed predominantly upon arthropods such as caterpillars, isopods, and spiders, as is typical of lizards in the genus. There were no pronounced variations in the main types of prey consumed between this and other populations of E. perditus studied in spite of potential differences in local food supplies between environments. The individuals consumed fragments of dead leaves, ingested prey commonly found in leaf litter (e.g., Isopoda and Coleoptera larvae), and were sometimes

The sharpshooter genus Aguana: taxonomic notes, two new species from Brazil, the female of A. imbricata, and updated key (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4577 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
GABRIEL MEJDALANI ◽  
ALEXANDRE C. DOMAHOVSKI ◽  
RODNEY R. CAVICHIOLI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
New Taxa ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Males And Females

The genus Aguana Melichar, 1926 previously included only two species from the Atlantic Forest of Southeastern Brazil. Here we provide a revised diagnosis for the genus and describe two new Brazilian species and the female of A. imbricata (Signoret, 1854). The new taxa are A. picinguaba sp. nov. (states of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, and Santa Catarina) and A. spitzi sp. nov. (State of São Paulo). Aguana species are very similar to one another externally and can be distinguished mainly by features of the male terminalia (especially of the aedeagus) and female sternite VII. A key to males and females of the genus is added (except the female of A. russata Young, 1977). 

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