scholarly journals Apolipoprotein B underlies the causal relationship of circulating blood lipids with coronary heart disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom G Richardson ◽  
Eleanor Sanderson ◽  
Tom M. Palmer ◽  
Mika Ala-Korpela ◽  
Brian A Ference ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Apolipoprotein A ◽  
Relationship Of

AbstractBackgroundCirculating blood lipids cause coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the precise way in which one or more lipoprotein lipid-related entities account for this relationship remains unclear. We sought to explore the causal relationships of blood lipid traits with risk of CHD using multivariable Mendelian randomization.MethodsWe conducted GWAS of circulating blood lipid traits in UK Biobank (up to n=440,546) for LDL cholesterol, triglycerides and apolipoprotein B to identify lipid-associated SNPs. Using data from CARDIoGRAMplusC4D for CHD (consisting of 60,801 cases and 123,504 controls), we performed univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. Similar analyses were conducted for HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I.FindingsGWAS identified multiple independent SNPs associated at P<5×10−8 for LDL cholesterol (220), apolipoprotein B (n=255), triglycerides (440), HDL cholesterol (534) and apolipoprotein AI (440). Between 56-93% of SNPs identified for each lipid trait had not been previously reported in large-scale GWAS. Almost half (46%) of these SNPs were associated at P<5×10−8 with more than one lipid related trait. Assessed individually using MR, each of LDL cholesterol (OR 1.66 per 1 standard deviation higher trait; 95%CI: 1.49; 1.86; P=2.4×10−19), triglycerides (OR 1.34; 95%CI: 1.25, 1.44; P=9.1×10−16) and apolipoprotein B (OR 1.73; 95%CI: 1.56, 1.91; P=1.5×10−25) had effect estimates consistent with a higher risk of CHD. In multivariable MR, only apolipoprotein B (OR 1.92; 95%CI: 1.31, 2.81; P=7.5×10−4) retained a robust effect with the estimate for LDL cholesterol (OR 0.85; 95%CI: 0.57; 1.27; P=0.44) reversing and that of triglycerides (OR 1.12; 95%CI: 1.02, 1.23; P=0.01) becoming markedly weaker.Individual MR analyses showed a 1-SD higher HDL-C (OR 0.80; 95%CI: 0.75, 0.86; P=1.7×10−10) and apolipoprotein A-I (OR 0.83; 95%CI: 0.77, 0.89; P=1.0×10−6) to lower the risk of CHD but these effect estimates weakened to include the null on accounting for apolipoprotein B.ConclusionsApolipoprotein B is of fundamental causal relevance in the aetiology of CHD, and underlies the relationship of LDL cholesterol and triglycerides with CHD.

Biological Variation Data Applied to the Selection of Serum Lipid Ratios Used as Risk Markers of Coronary Heart Disease

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Ortolá ◽  
M J Castiñeiras ◽  
X Fuentes-Arderiu
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Biological Variation ◽  
Index Of Individuality ◽  
Hdl2 Cholesterol

Abstract The biological variation of several relative lipid quantities, calculated as the ratios between the concentrations of various serum lipids and apolipoproteins, has been estimated over a one-year period. The medians of the within-subject biological coefficient of variation, separated by sex when significant differences exist, were 15.4% for [apolipoprotein A-I]/[apolipoprotein B], 6.8% for [high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol]/[cholesterol], 10.5% and 17.6% (women and men, respectively) for [HDL2-cholesterol]/[HDL-cholesterol], 13.6% for [HDL2-cholesterol]/[HDL3-cholesterol], 10.6% for [low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol]/[apolipoprotein B], 10.6% and 8.7% (women and men, respectively) for [LDL-cholesterol]/[cholesterol], and 6.3% for [LDL-cholesterol]/[HDL-cholesterol]. From these data, we have calculated the critical difference for significant change detection, the index of individuality, and the goal for the between-day imprecision. Concerning within-subject biological variation, the best ratios for the detection of risk of coronary heart disease and the monitoring of intervention are [LDL-cholesterol]/[HDL-cholesterol] and [HDL-cholesterol]/[cholesterol]. The index of individuality obtained in this study indicates that the use of population-based reference values is inadequate for interpreting the ratios studied.

scholarly journals Serum LDL Cholesterol/HDL Cholesterol Ratio Alternative to Albumin in Relation to Coronary Heart Disease

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-53
Author(s):  
S Parveen ◽  
Md Shamsuzzaman ◽  
Khursid Ara Begum ◽  
Nizamul Haque Bhuiyan ◽  
R Yeasmin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Excellent Correlation ◽  
Albumin Ratio ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Better Than

In a study of coronary heart disease in males, their is a correlation between LDL cholesterol/ HDL cholesterol ratio & albumin(r= 0.46,p < 0.001).We then correlated the LDL cholesterol: albumin ratio( TC: Alb) with the LDL c : HDL -c ratio ( r= 0.12,p < 0.001).An excellent correlation was obtained between LDL-C : Alb ratio separated the patients with normal ( < 5) and increased (>5) LDL-C: HDL-C ratio better than LDL-C by itself(Amin A Nanji, Suseela Reddy et al).    DOI = 10.3329/jom.v7i2.1364 J MEDICINE 2006; 7 : 51-53

scholarly journals Mendelian randomization of blood lipids for coronary heart disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 539-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael V. Holmes ◽  
Folkert W. Asselbergs ◽  
Tom M. Palmer ◽  
Fotios Drenos ◽  
Matthew B. Lanktree ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Mendelian Randomization

scholarly journals Optimal cut-off points after a daily meal corresponding to fasting goal levels of LDL-C and non-HDL-C in Chinese patients with coronary heart disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Ling Guo ◽  
Yan-qiao Chen ◽  
Qiu-zhen Lin ◽  
Feng Tian ◽  
Qun-Yan Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
C Statistic ◽  
Blood Lipid Levels

Abstract Background: Although the detection of non-fasting blood lipids has been recommended in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), the non-fasting cut-off points corresponding to the fasting goals of LDL-C < 1.8 mmol/Land non-HDL-C < 2.6 mmol/L, respectively, have not been explored. Methods: This study enrolled 397 inpatients with CHD. One hundred and ninety-seven patients took statins for < 1 month (m) or did not take any statin before admission (i.e. CHD1 group), while 204 patients took statins for ≥ 1 m before admission (i.e. CHD2 group). Blood lipid levels were measured at 0 h, 2 h, and 4 h after a daily breakfast. Results: Non-fasting low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) levels significantly decreased after a daily meal ( P < 0.05). Both fasting and non-fasting LDL-C or non-HDL-C levels were significantly lower in the CHD2 group. The percent attainment of LDL-C < 1.8 mmol/L at 2 h or 4 h after a daily breakfast was significantly higher than that of its fasting point ( P < 0.05), whereas that of non-HDL-C < 2.6 mmol/L was significantly higher only at 4 h ( P < 0.05). Analysis of c-statistic showed that non-fasting cut-off points for LDL-C and non-HDL-C were 1.5 mmol/L and 2.4 mmol/L, corresponding to their fasting goal levels of 1.8 mmol/L and 2.6 mmol/L, respectively. When postprandial LDL-C and non-HDL-C goal attainments were re-evaluated by non-fasting cut-off points, there were no significant differences in percent attainment between fasting and non-fasting states. Conclusions: Determination ofnon-fasting cut-off points is important to evaluate the efficacy of cholesterol-lowering therapy if blood lipids are detected after a daily meal.

scholarly journals Non-HDL-C Is More Stable Than LDL-C in Assessing the Percent Attainment of Non-fasting Lipid for Coronary Heart Disease Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Ling Guo ◽  
Yan-qiao Chen ◽  
Qiu-zhen Lin ◽  
Feng Tian ◽  
Qun-Yan Xiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Statin Therapy ◽  
Blood Lipids ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Short Term ◽  
C Statistic ◽  
Blood Lipid Levels

This study aimed to compare the percentage attainment of fasting and non-fasting LDL-C and non-HDL-C target levels in coronary heart disease (CHD) patients receiving short-term statin therapy. This study enrolled 397 inpatients with CHD. Of these, 197 patients took statins for &lt;1 month (m) or did not take any statin before admission (CHD1 group), while 204 patients took statins for ≥1 m before admission (CHD2 group). Blood lipid levels were measured at 0, 2, and 4 h after a daily breakfast. Non-fasting LDL-C and non-HDL-C levels significantly decreased after a daily meal (P &lt; 0.05). Both fasting and non-fasting LDL-C or non-HDL-C levels were significantly lower in the CHD2 group. The percentage attainment of LDL-C &lt;1.4 mmol/L at 2 and 4 h after a daily breakfast was significantly higher than that during fasting (P &lt; 0.05), but the percent attainment of non-fasting non-HDL-C &lt;2.2 mmol/L was close to its fasting value (P &gt; 0.05). Analysis of c-statistic showed that non-fasting cut-off points for LDL-C and non-HDL-C were 1.19 and 2.11 mmol/L, corresponding to their fasting goal levels of 1.4 and 2.2 mmol/L, respectively. When post-prandial LDL-C and non-HDL-C goal attainments were re-evaluated using non-fasting cut-off points, there were no significant differences in percentage attainment between fasting and non-fasting states. Non-HDL-C is more stable than LDL-C in assessing the percent attainment of non-fasting lipid for coronary heart disease patients. If we want to use LDL-C to assess the percent attainment of post-prandial blood lipids, we may need to determine a lower non-fasting cut-off point.

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