scholarly journals Sequence learning in a single trial: a spiking neurons model based on hippocampal circuitry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Coppolino ◽  
M. Migliore
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Single Trial ◽  
Additional Advantage ◽  
Brain Circuits ◽  
Correct Sequence ◽  
Long Time ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Learning Architectures ◽  
The Way

ABSTRACTIn contrast with our everyday experience using brain circuits, it can take a prohibitively long time to train a computational system to produce the correct sequence of outputs in the presence of a series of inputs. This suggests that something important is missing in the way in which models are trying to reproduce basic cognitive functions. In this work, we introduce a new neuronal network architecture that is able to learn, in a single trial, an arbitrary long sequence of any known objects. The key point of the model is the explicit use of mechanisms and circuitry observed in the hippocampus, which allow the model to reach a level of efficiency and accuracy that, to the best of our knowledge, is not possible with abstract network implementations. By directly following the natural system’s layout and circuitry, this type of implementation has the additional advantage that the results can be more easily compared to experimental data, allowing a deeper and more direct understanding of the mechanisms underlying cognitive functions and dysfunctions, and opening the way to a new generation of learning architectures.

scholarly journals Two Uses of Gender in Conversation: A Membership Categorization Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Najib Bouhout
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Membership Categorization Analysis ◽  
Additional Advantage ◽  
Blame Attribution ◽  
Gender Categorization ◽  
Membership Categorization ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Way

<em>Discourse analysts have for a long time focused on the study of gender differences in language. Recent approaches, however, eschew that concern in favor of studying the performative aspects of gender. In line with this, Membership Categorization analysis offers the additional advantage of studying societal members’ gender categorization in conversation, the way it shapes the course of conversation, and its import, and consequences, for the conduct of participants in interaction. Membership Categorization Analysis is used here to spot some practical uses of gender by interactants in mundane talk among friends. More specifically, the article analyses two conversational instances where interactants deploy the categories ‘men’ and ‘manly practices’ to realize particular actions in conversation (suggestion and blame attribution). One finding is that gender categorization does pragmatic actions in interaction. In addition, the article argues that the relevance of gender, as one textual given among many, must be analytically demonstrated empirically in the conduct of interactants rather than invoked for the theoretical concerns of the discourse analyst.</em>

The Logical Square and the Table of Oppositions

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 400-416
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Kienzler
Keyword(s):  
Reduced Form ◽  
Square Of Opposition ◽  
Logical Square ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Square Of Opposition ◽  
The Way

The way Frege presented the Square of Opposition in a reduced form in 1879 and 1910 can be used to develop two distinct versions of the square: The traditional square that displays inferences and a “Table of Oppositions” displaying variations of negation. This Table of Oppositions can be further simplified and thus be made more symmetrical. A brief survey of versions of the square from Aristotle to the present shows how both aspects of the square have coexisted for a very long time without ever being properly distinguished.

The Beginnings of the Cult of Relics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Wiśniewski
Keyword(s):  
Essential Element ◽  
Fourth Century ◽  
Material Objects ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Hidden Knowledge ◽  
Physical Diseases ◽  
The Dead ◽  
The Way

Christians always admired and venerated martyrs who died for their faith, but for a long time thought that the bodies of martyrs should remain undisturbed in their graves. Initially, the Christian attitude toward the bones of the dead, whether a saint’s or not, was that of respectful distance. This book tells how, in the mid-fourth century, this attitude started to change, swiftly and dramatically. The first chapters show the rise of new beliefs. They study how, when, and why Christians began to believe in the power of relics, first, over demons, then over physical diseases and enemies; how they sought to reveal hidden knowledge at the tombs of saints and why they buried the dead close to them. An essential element of this new belief was a strong conviction that the power of relics was transferred in a physical way and so subsequent chapters study relics as material objects. The book seeks to show what the contact with relics looked like and how close it was. Did people touch, kiss, or look at the very bones, or just at reliquaries which contained them? When did the custom of dividing relics appear? Finally, the book deals with discussions and polemics concerning relics and tries to find out how strong was the opposition which this new phenomenon had to face, both within and outside Christianity on the way to relics becoming an essential element of medieval religiosity.

The Pre-Socratic World-Picture

1952 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. K. C. Guthrie
Keyword(s):  
Religious Thought ◽  
World Picture ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Way

I recently became aware that I had for a long time entertained certain preconceptions about the way in which Presocratic thinkers saw the world, without ever having seriously considered the evidence on which my belief was based. This I have now tried to do, with the results which are set forth in this paper. Since in any case it will deal, in a fairly general way, with problems concerning the interaction of philosophical and religious thought in early Greece, I hope it will have a certain interest, whether or not its readers agree with the thesis put forward. The perennial fascination of that topic has been enhanced in recent years by the discussion provoked by Werner Jaeger's book on The Theology of the Early Greek Philosophers, from which I take this sentence as a kind of text for my own reflections: “Though philosophy means death to the old gods, it is itself religion.”

scholarly journals Applicability of Artificial Neural Networks to Predict Mechanical and Permeability Properties of Volcanic Scoria-Based Concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aref M. al-Swaidani ◽  
Waed T. Khwies
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Artificial Neural Networks ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Material ◽  
Natural Pozzolans ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Ann Models ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Training

Numerous volcanic scoria (VS) cones are found in many places worldwide. Many of them have not yet been investigated, although few of which have been used as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) for a long time. The use of natural pozzolans as cement replacement could be considered as a common practice in the construction industry due to the related economic, ecologic, and performance benefits. In the current paper, the effect of VS on the properties of concrete was investigated. Twenty-one concrete mixes with three w/b ratios (0.5, 0.6, and 0.7) and seven replacement levels of VS (0%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, and 35%) were produced. The investigated concrete properties were the compressive strength, the water permeability, and the concrete porosity. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) were used for prediction of the investigated properties. Feed-forward backpropagation neural networks have been used. The ANN models have been established by incorporation of the laboratory experimental data and by properly choosing the network architecture and training processes. This study shows that the use of ANN models provided a more accurate tool to capture the effects of five parameters (cement content, volcanic scoria content, water content, superplasticizer content, and curing time) on the investigated properties. This prediction makes it possible to design VS-based concretes for a desired strength, water impermeability, and porosity at any given age and replacement level. Some correlations between the investigated properties were derived from the analysed data. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis showed that all studied parameters have a strong effect on the investigated properties. The modification of the microstructure of VS-based cement paste has been observed, as well.

scholarly journals Sistem Informasi Sekolah Berbasis Web

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Eka Puspita Sari ◽  
Asri Wahyuni ◽  
Narti Narti
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Data Input ◽  
Paper Sheet ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Word Wide Web ◽  
Long Time ◽  
System Information ◽  
Academic Information ◽  
The Way

Abstract: A system of data input and the grade of students who still use manual way namely by filling form of data on student and the grades of students in the form of paper sheet done by administration and teacher. Besides needed a place the immense storage, to find files need a require a long time, because that is the way are considered less effective. Websites is information in word wide web stored in different file as a page web. Academic information system web-based can manage academic information with more effective. The software used for develop information system web is PHP and MySQL for databases. Keywords : Php, MySQL, System, Information, Education

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