scholarly journals What drive information-seeking in healthy and addicted behaviors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Cogliati Dezza ◽  
Xavier Noel ◽  
Axel Cleeremans ◽  
Angela J. Yu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
General Information ◽  
Behavioral Addiction ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
General Desire

ABSTRACTInformation-seeking is an important aspect of human cognition. Despite its adaptive role, we have rather limited understanding of the mechanisms that underlie information-seeking in healthy individuals and in psychopathological populations. Here, we investigate human information-seeking behaviors in healthy individuals and in behavioral addiction by using a novel decision-making task and a novel reinforcement learning model. We compare how healthy humans and addicted individuals differ in the way they trade off a general desire to reduce uncertainty (general information-seeking) and a desire for novelty (novelty-seeking) when searching for knowledge in the environment. Our results indicate that healthy humans and addicted individuals adopt distinct information-seeking modes. Healthy information-seeking behavior was mostly driven by novelty. Addicted individuals’ information-seeking was instead driven by both novelty and general information, with reduced novelty-seeking and increased general information-seeking compared to healthy controls. There are three important implications for our findings: (1) Enhanced novelty-seeking behaviors might be a predictor of wellbeing, (2) behavioral addiction may be marked by a reduction of novelty-seeking and an increase in general information-seeking, (3) the altered information-seeking pattern in addicted individuals may be a compensatory strategy that help them to cope with decision making under uncertainty. By showing healthy humans and addicted individuals adopt distinct information-seeking modes, this study not only sheds light on alterations in decision-making behavior in addiction, but also highlights the likely functional and biological dissociation of novelty-seeking and general information-seeking in the human brain.

scholarly journals Distinct motivations to seek out information in healthy individuals and problem gamblers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Cogliati Dezza ◽  
Xavier Noel ◽  
Axel Cleeremans ◽  
Angela J. Yu
Keyword(s):  
Information Seeking ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
Compulsive Gambling ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Substance Consumption ◽  
General Desire

AbstractAs massive amounts of information are becoming available to people, understanding the mechanisms underlying information-seeking is more pertinent today than ever. In this study, we investigate the underlying motivations to seek out information in healthy and addicted individuals. We developed a novel decision-making task and a novel computational model which allows dissociating the relative contribution of two motivating factors to seek out information: a desire for novelty and a general desire for knowledge. To investigate whether/how the motivations to seek out information vary between healthy and addicted individuals, in addition to healthy controls we included a sample of individuals with gambling disorder—a form of addiction without the confound of substance consumption and characterized by compulsive gambling. Our results indicate that healthy subjects and problem gamblers adopt distinct information-seeking “modes”. Healthy information-seeking behavior was mostly motivated by a desire for novelty. Problem gamblers, on the contrary, displayed reduced novelty-seeking and an increased desire for accumulating knowledge compared to healthy controls. Our findings not only shed new light on the motivations driving healthy and addicted individuals to seek out information, but they also have important implications for the treatment and diagnosis of behavioral addiction.

scholarly journals Transdiagnostic Perspective of Impulsivity and Compulsivity in Obesity: From Cognitive Profile to Self-Reported Dimensions in Clinical Samples with and without Diabetes

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4426
Author(s):  
Giulia Testa ◽  
Bernat Mora-Maltas ◽  
Lucía Camacho-Barcia ◽  
Roser Granero ◽  
Ignacio Lucas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Flexibility ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Harm Avoidance ◽  
Cognitive Profile ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Compulsive Behaviors

Impulsive and compulsive behaviors have both been observed in individuals with obesity. The co-occurrence of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is more strongly associated with impulsivity, although there are no conclusive results yet. A multidimensional assessment of impulsivity and compulsivity was conducted in individuals with obesity in the absence or presence of T2D, compared with healthy, normal-weight individuals, with highly impulsive patients (gambling disorders), and with highly compulsive patients (anorexia nervosa). Decision making and novelty seeking were used to measure impulsivity, and cognitive flexibility and harm avoidance were used for compulsivity. For impulsivity, patients with obesity and T2D showed poorer decision-making ability compared with healthy individuals. For compulsivity, individuals with only obesity presented less cognitive flexibility and high harm avoidance; these dimensions were not associated with obesity with T2D. This study contributes to the knowledge of the mechanisms associated with diabetes and its association with impulsive–compulsive behaviors, confirming the hypothesis that patients with obesity and T2D would be characterized by higher levels of impulsivity.

scholarly journals Perilaku Pencarian Informasi Mengenai Kebijakan Sekolah Tatap Muka oleh Orang Tua Siswa di kota Malang

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Kun Sila Ananda
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Information Overload ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Passive Behavior ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Face To Face Learning ◽  
Source Of Information

Recently, the Ministry of Education and Culture has established a policy for implementing face-to-face schools. Regarding this policy, students’ parents become a key point in order to make decisions to allow children to attend face-to-face schooling. Before decision making, parents must first reduce uncertainties and lack of information related to the policy. This study discusses the information-seeking behavior of parents related to face-to-face school policies and the decision-making. The method used is descriptive survey. Data collected through online surveys and interviews. The results showed that parents did the active and passive behavior on information seeking. The school (teachers, homeroom teachers, principals, etc.) is the most frequently referred source of information by parents and is considered the most trusted source of information. The most important information needed by parents is regarding the readiness of the school in the implementation of face-to-face learning during the pandemic. In decision-making process, parents often use information sources through online media and discussions with other parents. The majority of parents will delay decision making if the information obtained is deemed insufficient, while on the other hand parents can also experience decision-making failure due to information overload. Belakangan ini Kemdikbud telah menetapkan kebijakan pelaksanaan sekolah tatap muka. Selain akademisi, orang tua menjadi pihak krusial dalam hal ini terutama berkaitan dengan pengambilan keputusan untuk mengizinkan anak mengikuti pelaksanaan sekolah tatap muka. Sebelum mengambil keputusan terlebih dahulu orang tua harus mereduksi berbagai ketidakpastian dan kurangnya informasi terkait kebijakan tersebut. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai perilaku pencarian informasi yang dilakukan orang tua terkait kebijakan sekolah tatap muka hingga proses pengambilan keputusan. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui survei dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa orang tua melakukan pencarian informasi secara aktif dan pasif. Pihak sekolah (guru, wali kelas, kepala sekolah, dsb) menjadi sumber informasi yang paling sering dirujuk oleh orang tua siswa sekaligus dianggap sebagai sumber informasi yang paling terpercaya. Informasi yang dianggap paling penting oleh orang tua siswa adalah mengenai kesiapan sekolah dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran tatap muka di masa pandemi. Adapun dalam pengambilan keputusan orang tua seringkali memanfaatkan sumber informasi melalui media daring dan diskusi bersama orang tua siswa lainnya. Mayoritas orang tua akan menunda pengambilan keputusan jika informasi yang didapatkan dirasa belum cukup, sementara di sisi lain orang tua juga dapat mengalami kegagalan pengambilan keputusan karena paparan informasi yang terlalu berlebihan.

Novelty Seeking Behavior in Destination Decision Making

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (30) ◽  
pp. 29-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aytuğ Arslan ◽  
Özer Yılmaz ◽  
Hakan Boz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Novelty Seeking ◽  
Seeking Behavior

Why Isn't This Being Studied?

2017 ◽  
pp. 90-108
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Information Seeking Behavior ◽  
Data Driven Decision Making ◽  
Academic Librarianship ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Significant Question

This chapter poses and attempts to answer a significant question regarding emotions research within academic librarianship – namely, why isn't this topic being researched more? Given how emotionally-laden the work is and how emotionally-laden information-seeking behavior can be, it seems surprising that there is a dearth of research on emotion-related issues. Other people-oriented professions like healthcare and hospitality seem very focused on understanding the qualitative experiences of their professionals; in comparison, academic librarianship seems reluctant to tackle the topic. The chapter examines what does exist in the academic librarianship literature regarding emotions and branches out into other disciplines to see how they examine the issue of emotion and its impact on professional practice. The chapter also posits answers for why this topic isn't studied more within academic librarianship, focusing on issues of objectivity and data-driven decision making.

scholarly journals How Unique Are Our Users? Part 2: Comparing Responses Regarding the Information-Seeking Habits of Education Faculty

2013 ◽  
Vol 74 (5) ◽  
pp. 450-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Robbins ◽  
Karen Rupp-Serrano
Keyword(s):  
Information Seeking ◽  
General Information ◽  
Information Seeking Behavior ◽  
Library Services ◽  
Education Faculty ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Comparison Of The Results

This follow-up study examines whether or not findings of single institution studies are applicable to other institutions by performing an institution-to-institution comparison of the results obtained from an information-seeking behavior survey sent to education faculty at twenty research institutions. The results from this study corroborated what was found in the previous study conducted on the information-seeking behavior of engineering faculty in 2009. It indicates that general information about information-seeking behavior of faculty holds true across institutions, while information related to specific library services or facilities should be validated locally.

scholarly journals Information Seeking Behavior of Pakistani Newspaper Journalists

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 50-72
Author(s):  
Mumtaz A. Anwar ◽  
Muhammad Asghar
Keyword(s):  
Information Seeking ◽  
General Information ◽  
Information Seeking Behavior ◽  
Electronic Library ◽  
Ranking Problem ◽  
Daily News ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
The One ◽  
Searching Skills ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

This study, a replication of the one done in Kuwait, investigated the information seeking behavior of print journalists in Lahore, Pakistan, using a self-administered questionnaire. The 87 respondents, coming from 11 establishments, were mostly male. In terms of the type of information, they place emphasis on fact checking and general information. Information was obtained by using a wide variety of both informal and formal sources. ‘Human' sources were the primary informal sources used by the participants. Personal collections, daily news diaries, and news agency reports were considered high in terms of importance. The Internet and the ‘in-house electronic library of stories/reports generated by their colleagues' was very limited both in availability and use. The lack information searching skills is their top ranking problem. They consider these very important for their work and are willing to go through training if it were provided to them.

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