scholarly journals Dynamic profile of severe or critical COVID-19 cases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
World Health ◽  
Acute Respiratory Illness ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Death Cases ◽  
Dynamic Profile

AbstractIn December 2019, a cluster of acute respiratory illness, now known as SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, occurred in Wuhan, China. World Health Organization (WHO) declared the rapidly spreading coronavirus outbreak a pandemic on March 11, 2020, acknowledging what has seemed clear for some time — the virus will likely spread to all countries on the globe. As of February 11, 2020, the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC) has officially reported that there are 2.0% (889) asymptomatic cases, 2.3% (1,023) death cases, and 80.9% mild cases among 44,672 confirmed cases. 51.4% (22,981) were male and 48.6% (21,691) were female. Lymphopenia, in particular T lymphopenia, was common among patients with SARS-COV-2 in the observation. A notable drop in CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte counts occurred early in the course of the syndrome and was associated with adverse outcomes. The appearing a phenomenon of lymphocyte depletion (PLD) suggested severe adverse outcomes. The outcome observed: 60% had discharged and 20% had die.

scholarly journals Immunizations in Athletes

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 427-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher D. Boston ◽  
Jennifer J. Bryan
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Preventive Care ◽  
Vaccination Status ◽  
World Health ◽  
Team Physician ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Pubmed Search ◽  
Health Organization

Context: Immunizations are a cornerstone of preventive care and an important consideration for team physicians caring for athletes. Evidence Acquisition: A PubMed search was performed from August 2016 through May 2017 as well as a website review of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, World Health Organization, and Immunization Action Coalition. Study Design: Clinical review. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Results: By keeping abreast of diseases endemic to nations to which athletes may be traveling as well as the vaccination status of the athletes, team physicians can provide appropriate advice regarding immunization and prevention of disease. Conclusion: There are a host of regularly updated reliable websites to assist the team physician in these recommendations.

scholarly journals Outbreak column 21: Tuberculosis (TB): Still a nosocomial threat

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-150
Author(s):  
Evonne T Curran
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
World Health ◽  
Nosocomial Transmission ◽  
National Guidance ◽  
The World ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Uk

This outbreak column explores the epidemiology and infection prevention guidance on tuberculosis (TB) in the UK. The column finds that, at present, national guidance leaves UK hospitals ill-prepared to prevent nosocomial TB transmission. Reasons for this conclusion are as follows: (1) while TB is predominantly a disease that affects people with ‘social ills’, it has the potential to infect anyone who is sufficiently exposed; (2) nosocomial transmission is documented throughout history; (3) future nosocomial exposures may involve less treatable disease; and (4) current UK guidance is insufficient to prevent nosocomial transmission and is less than that advocated by the World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

scholarly journals Febre amarela: avanços e retrocessos desde as primeiras referências da doença às epidemias atuais

2020 ◽  
pp. e1834
Author(s):  
Andréia Michelle Alves Cunha de Alcântara ◽  
Ivan de Alcântara Barbosa Barros ◽  
Egídio Augusto Cunha Pereira de Alcântara ◽  
Ivan Barbosa Barros ◽  
Rosemery Batista Moura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
On Line ◽  
Centers For Disease Control ◽  
Health Organization

Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão de literatura com os principais teores referentes à infecção pelo vírus da febre amarela: registros históricos e epidemiológicos, virologia, transmissão, aspectos clínicos, diagnóstico, tratamento e profilaxia, associando-os aos avanços e retrocessos no combate à doença no Brasil. Metodologia: A revisão fundamentou-se em artigos das bases on line National Center for Biotechnology, (NCBI Pubmed) e Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SCIELO), entre 1928-2016 e nas plataformas governamentais BRASIL, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) e World Health Organization ( WHO), entre 2010-2019. Resultados: os episódios de febre amarela (FA) em humanos no país, após 1942, sobretudo nos últimos anos 2017-2018, decorreram do ciclo silvestre e sugerem uma relação direta com degradação e tragédias ambientais. Também, episódios de FA silvestre em humanos, somados ao retorno do vetor urbano e falhas na cobertura vacinal nacional, inferem uma ameaça de reurbanização da doença. Considerações finais: Dada a importância da FA para a saúde pública no Brasil, faz-se necessário o implemento de ações imediatas e a longo prazo. Imediata, com a ampliação da cobertura vacinal gratuita nacional em quantidade suficiente para evitar surtos; e em longo prazo, a implementação de políticas públicas direcionadas a preservação ambiental e ao controle vetorial urbano.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV2 and Co-Infections: A Review of Two Cases

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumit Sohal ◽  
Guillermo Rodriguez-Nava ◽  
Ramzy Khabbaz ◽  
Sana Chaudry ◽  
Clio Musurakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
World Health ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Acute Respiratory Illness ◽  
Multiorgan Dysfunction ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

COVID-19 infection caused by SARS-CoV2 virus is an acute respiratory illness which was declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization. Usually, SARS-CoV2 infects independently and can cause spectrum of disease ranging from mild illness to severe progressive pneumonia, multiorgan dysfunction, and death; however, co-infections with other respiratory pathogens have been noted. Here, we present 2 fatal cases with co-infection, one with parainfluenza-4 virus and other co-infection/secondary infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Further studies are needed to study the effect of co-infections on morbidity and mortality of patients and establish the outcome of such infections.

scholarly journals Fatores ambientais associados ao sobrepeso infantil

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 661-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Farias de Novaes ◽  
Joel Alves Lamounier ◽  
Sylvia do Carmo Castro Franceschini ◽  
Silvia Eloíza Priore
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Centers For Disease Control ◽  
Health Organization

OBJETIVO: Avaliar os fatores ambientais intra-uterinos, perinatais e familiares associados ao sobrepeso infantil, ainda controversos na literatura. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal realizado com 627 crianças, de 6 a 10 anos, matriculadas em escolas urbanas públicas e privadas do município de Viçosa (MG). O estado nutricional das crianças foi classificado pelo índice de massa corporal, segundo a preconização do Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Foram aferidas as medidas de peso, estatura, pregas cutâneas tricipital e subescapular, circunferências da cintura e do quadril e pressão arterial das crianças, sendo os fatores ambientais obtidos por meio de questionário, segundo informações maternas. Classificou-se o estado nutricional das mães segundo a recomendação do World Health Organization. RESULTADOS: Do total de crianças, 87,9% eram eutróficas e 12,1% apresentavam sobrepeso. De acordo com a análise de regressão logística múltipla, os fatores associados ao sobrepeso infantil foram apresentar mãe obesa (OR: 6,92; p<0,001), ser filho unigênito (OR: 1,87; p=0,03), permacer tempo superior a 3 horas diárias em frente à televisão (OR: 1,91; p=0,04), não realizar educação física na escola (OR: 4,80; p=0,02) e ser do sexo masculino (OR: 2,60; p=0,001). CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo permite elucidar a identificação de fatores ambientais, potencialmente modificáveis, associados ao sobrepeso infantil no município de Viçosa. A determinação dos fatores ambientais é importante, uma vez que o aumento na prevalência do sobrepeso na infância não pode ser totalmente explicado pelos fatores genéticos.

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