scholarly journals Genomic characterization of a lumpy skin disease virus isolated in southeast China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Ma ◽  
Yaoxian Yuan ◽  
Jianwei Shao ◽  
Minghui Sun ◽  
Weinan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Vaccine Recombinant ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease ◽  
Southeast China ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease Virus ◽  
Mdbk Cells ◽  
Genomic Characterization ◽  
The One ◽  
And Control

SUMMARYLumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) is of high economic importance and has spread rapidly to many European and Asian countries in recent years. LSDVs spread to China in 2019 and have caused severe outbreaks in multiple provinces. The LSDVs in China have not been well investigated. Here we isolated an LSDV (GD01/2020) in southeast China and investigated its features in replication, phylogenetics, and genomics. GD01/2020 caused a typical LSD outbreak and replicated well in MDBK cells as detected by a novel quantitative real-time PCR assay targeting the viral GPCR gene. GD01/2020 was similar in phylogenetics to the one circulating in Xinjiang, China in 2019, and distinct from the LSDVs identified in other countries. In genomics, GD01/2020 was a vaccine-recombinant similar to those identified in Russia. A total of 13 major putative recombination events between a vaccine strain and a field strain were identified in the genome of GD01/2020, which could affect the virulence and transmissibility of the virus. The results suggested that the LSD outbreaks in China caused by a virulent vaccine-recombinant LSDV from the same unknown exotic source, and virulent vaccine-recombinant LSDVs obtained transboundary transmissibility. This report shed novel insights into the diagnosis, transmission, and control of the disease.

Genomic characterization of lumpy skin disease virus in southern China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Ma ◽  
Yaoxian Yuan ◽  
Jianwei Shao ◽  
Minghui Sun ◽  
Wei He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease Virus ◽  
Genomic Characterization

scholarly journals Advancements in the Growth and Construction of Recombinant Lumpy Skin Disease Virus (LSDV) for Use as a Vaccine Vector

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1131
Author(s):  
Michiel van Diepen ◽  
Rosamund Chapman ◽  
Nicola Douglass ◽  
Leah Whittle ◽  
Nicole Chineka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Good Manufacturing Practice ◽  
Rabbit Kidney ◽  
Selection Marker ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease Virus ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Mdbk Cells

Attenuated vaccine strains of lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) have become increasingly popular as recombinant vaccine vectors, to target both LSDV, as well as other pathogens, including human infectious agents. Historically, these vaccine strains and recombinants were generated in primary (lamb) testis (LT) cells, Madin–Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells or in eggs. Growth in eggs is a laborious process, the use of primary cells has the potential to introduce pathogens and MDBK cells are known to harbor bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). In this study, data is presented to show the growth of an attenuated LSDV strain in baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cells. Subsequently, a recombinant LSDV vaccine was generated in BHK-21 cells. Partial growth was also observed in rabbit kidney cells (RK13), but only when the vaccinia virus host range gene K1L was expressed. Despite the limited growth, the expression of K1L was enough to serve as a positive selection marker for the generation of recombinant LSDV vaccines in RK13 cells. The simplification of generating (recombinant) LSDV vaccines shown here should increase the interest for this platform for future livestock vaccine development and, with BHK-21 cells approved for current good manufacturing practice, this can be expanded to human vaccines as well.

scholarly journals Influence of the Viral Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Homologue on Lumpy Skin Disease Virus (LSDV) Growth, Histopathology and Pathogenicity

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 664
Author(s):  
Nicola Douglass ◽  
Henry Munyanduki ◽  
Ruzaiq Omar ◽  
Sophette Gers ◽  
Paidamwoyo Mutowembwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Virus Growth ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease Virus ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Mdbk Cells

Lumpy skin disease is an important economic disease of cattle that is controlled by vaccination. This paper presents an investigation into the role of the lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) superoxide dismutase (SOD) homologue on growth and histopathology of the virus both in vitro and in vivo. SOD homologue knock-out and knock-in recombinants (nLSDV∆SOD-UCT and nLSDVSODis-UCT, respectively) were constructed and compared to the Neethling vaccine (nLSDV) for growth in a permissive bovine cell line as well as on fertilized chick chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs). The infected CAMs were scored for histological changes. Deletion of the SOD homologue from LSDV reduced virus growth both in Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells as well as on CAMs. Furthermore, the knockout virus showed reduced inflammation in CAMs and more ballooning degeneration. A pilot experiment was performed in cattle to compare the lesions produced by the different LSDV constructs in the same animal. One animal developed a larger lesion to nLSDV∆SOD-UCT compared to both nLSDVSODis-UCT and nLSDV. Histological analysis of biopsies of these lesions shows less inflammation and necrosis associated with nLSDVSODis-UCT compared to nLSDV and nLSDV∆SOD-UCT. None of the vaccinated animals showed disseminated LSDV disease, indicating that the candidate vaccines are safe for further testing. Our results suggest that the SOD homologue may improve immunogenicity and reduce virulence.

scholarly journals Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells are a suitable cell line for the propagation and study of the bovine poxvirus lumpy skin disease virus

2020 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 113943
Author(s):  
Petra C. Fay ◽  
Charlotte G. Cook ◽  
Najith Wijesiriwardana ◽  
Gessica Tore ◽  
Loic Comtet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease Virus ◽  
Bovine Kidney ◽  
Mdbk Cells

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus-Based Live Attenuated Vaccines

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 473
Author(s):  
Andy Haegeman ◽  
Ilse De Leeuw ◽  
Laurent Mostin ◽  
Willem Van Campe ◽  
Laetitia Aerts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Vaccine Failure ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease Virus ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
The Past ◽  
Preventative Strategy

Vaccines form the cornerstone of any control, eradication and preventative strategy and this is no different for lumpy skin disease. However, the usefulness of a vaccine is determined by a multiplicity of factors which include stability, efficiency, safety and ease of use, to name a few. Although the vaccination campaign in the Balkans against lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) was successful and has been implemented with success in the past in other countries, data of vaccine failure have also been reported. It was therefore the purpose of this study to compare five homologous live attenuated LSDV vaccines (LSDV LAV) in a standardized setting. All five LSDV LAVs studied were able to protect against a challenge with virulent LSDV. Aside from small differences in serological responses, important differences were seen in side effects such as a local reaction and a Neethling response upon vaccination between the analyzed vaccines. These observations can have important implications in the applicability in the field for some of these LSDV LAVs.

scholarly journals Production of small ruminant morbillivirus, rift valley fever virus and lumpy skin disease virus in CelCradle™ -500A bioreactors

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Halima Rhazi ◽  
Najete Safini ◽  
Karima Mikou ◽  
Meryeme Alhyane ◽  
Khalid Omari Tadlaoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Rift Valley ◽  
Rift Valley Fever ◽  
Rift Valley Fever Virus ◽  
Fever Virus ◽  
Valley Fever ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease Virus ◽  
Cell Factories

Abstract Background Animal vaccination is an important way to stop the spread of diseases causing immense damage to livestock and economic losses and the potential transmission to humans. Therefore effective method for vaccine production using simple and inexpensive bioprocessing solutions is very essential. Conventional culture systems currently in use, tend to be uneconomic in terms of labor and time involved. Besides, they offer a limited surface area for growth of cells. In this study, the CelCradle™-500A was evaluated as an alternative to replace conventional culture systems in use such as Cell factories for the production of viral vaccines against small ruminant morbillivirus (PPR), rift valley fever virus (RVF) and lumpy skin disease virus (LSD). Results Two types of cells Vero and primary Lamb Testis cells were used to produce these viruses. The study was done in 2 phases as a) optimization of cell growth and b) virus cultivation. Vero cells could be grown to significantly higher cell densities of 3.04 × 109 using the CelCradle™-500A with a shorter doubling time as compared to 9.45 × 108 cells in Cell factories. This represents a 19 fold increase in cell numbers as compared to seeding vs only 3.7 fold in Cell factories. LT cells achieved modestly higher cell densities of 6.7 × 108 as compared to 6.3 × 108 in Cell factories. The fold change in densities for these cells was 3 fold in the CelCradle™-500A vs 2.5 fold in Cell factories. The titers in the conventional system and the bioreactor were not significantly different. However, the Cell-specific virus yield for rift valley fever virus and lumpy skin disease virus are higher (25 virions/cell for rift valley fever virus, and 21.9 virions/cell for lumpy skin disease virus versus 19.9 virions/cell for rift valley fever virus and 10 virions/cell for lumpy skin disease virus). Conclusions This work represents a novel study for primary lamb testis cell culture in CellCradle™-500A bioreactors. In addition, on account of the high cell densities obtained and the linear scalability the titers could be further optimized using other culture process such us perfusion.

scholarly journals Lumpy skin disease in Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukhit B. Orynbayev ◽  
Raikhan K. Nissanova ◽  
Berik M. Khairullin ◽  
Arman Issimov ◽  
Kunsulu D. Zakarya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Stomoxys Calcitrans ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease ◽  
Dermacentor Marginatus ◽  
The Third ◽  
Gpcr Gene ◽  
Mdbk Cells ◽  
The Republic

AbstractThis study describes the registration of the first cases of lumpy skin disease in July 2016 in the Republic of Kazakhstan. In the rural district of Makash, Kurmangazinsky district of Atyrau region, 459 cattle fell ill and 34 died (morbidity 12.9% and mortality 0.96%). To determine the cause of the disease, samples were taken from sick and dead animals, as well as from insects and ticks. LSDV DNA was detected by PCR in all samples from dead animals and ticks (Dermacentor marginatus and Hyalomma asiaticum), in 14.29% of samples from horseflies (Tabanus bromius), and in one of the samples from two Stomoxys calcitrans flies. The reproductive LSD virus was isolated from organs of dead cattle and insects in the culture of LT and MDBK cells. The virus accumulated in cell cultures of LT and MDBK at the level of the third passage with titers in the range of 5.5–5.75 log 10 TCID50/cm3. Sequencing of the GPCR gene allowed us to identify this virus as a lumpy skin disease virus.

Molecular characterization of lumpy skin disease virus in Iran (2014–2018)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab Hedayati ◽  
Hamid Reza Varshovi ◽  
Ali Mohammadi ◽  
Mohammad Tabatabaei
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease Virus

scholarly journals Cutaneous lymphoma in a cow - a case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
Branislav Kureljusic ◽  
Slobodan Maksimovic ◽  
Slobodan Vujinovic ◽  
Bozidar Savic ◽  
Vesna Milicevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Leukemia Virus ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Cutaneous Lymphoma ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease ◽  
Lumpy Skin Disease Virus

In this paper the case of a 2.5-year-old Simmental cow, with suspicion of lumpy skin disease in mid-2017 in Serbia will be presented. Clinical examination revealed numerous nodules of varied size from a few millimeters to approximately 10 centimeters disseminated predominantly on the skin of the udder and the perineum, some of which were coalescing and exulcerated. The general condition of the affected animal was unchanged. According to the results of laboratory analysis, the cow was negative for the presence of antibodies against the bovine leukemia virus, showed a negative reaction in tuberculinization and was vaccinated against lumpy skin disease virus. After the surgical excision of one skin node, the sample tested negative for the genome of lumpy skin disease virus. In order to establish the morphology of the skin lesion, a histopathological analysis was performed. Histopathological analysis showed the infiltration of the corium and subcutaneous tissue by numerous mononuclear cells showing cellular atypia. Suspicion of cutaneous lymphoma was established. Furthermore, the immunohistochemical examination confirmed that the infiltrate contained exclusively CD3-immunopositive cells, suggesting a T-cell origin nonepitheliotropic lymphoma.

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