scholarly journals Diversity and selection of SARS-CoV-2 minority variants in the early New York City outbreak

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Roder ◽  
Mohammed Khalfan ◽  
Katherine E Johnson ◽  
Denis Ruchnewitz ◽  
Marissa Knoll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Selective Pressure ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Rna Polymerases ◽  
Reliable Identification ◽  
Minority Variants ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

High error rates of viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerases lead to diverse intra-host viral populations during infection. Errors made during replication that are not strongly deleterious to the virus can lead to the generation of minority variants. Here we analyzed minority variants within the SARS-CoV-2 data in 12 samples from the early outbreak in New York City, using replicate sequencing for reliable identification. While most minority variants were unique to a single sample, we found several instances of shared variants. We provide evidence that some higher-frequency minority variants may be transmitted between patients or across short transmission chains, while other lower-frequency, more widely shared variants arise independently. Further, our data indicate that even with a small transmission bottleneck, the heterogeneity of intra-host viral populations is enhanced by minority variants present in transmission samples. Our data suggest that analysis of shared minority variants could help identify regions of the SARS-CoV-2 genome that are under increased selective pressure, as well as inform transmission chains and give insight into variant strain emergence.

Epilogue

2021 ◽  
pp. 239-240
Author(s):  
Jennifer Fleeger
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Silent Film ◽  
Class Session ◽  
The Past ◽  
Many Sources ◽  
Selection Of

Part of living at a distance has meant relying on a stream. Today alone, so much information has streamed into my home from so many sources on so many devices I would have trouble accounting for all of it. While my daughter streamed her class session upstairs, a selection of music I would be likely to enjoy streamed on my phone, and my son streamed a movie from one of the services to which I hastily (and regrettably) subscribed when the pandemic began. We streamed a bedtime story read remotely by Dolly Parton, a Shakespearian sonnet read by Patrick Stewart, and a silent film playing on the wall of a New York City apartment. Unlike the tsunami of my emotional state for the past few months, these streams have been rather comforting. But how does the metaphor of the stream hold up to the discourses and dangers of ventriloquism we have been addressing throughout this collection?...

Surviving the City: The Chinese Immigrant Experience in New York City, 1890–1970. By Xinyang Wang. [Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 2001. 157 pp. $17.95. ISBN 0-7425-0891-9.]

2003 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 214-251
Author(s):  
Bernard P. Wong
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Chinese Immigrant ◽  
Group Solidarity ◽  
Labour Movement ◽  
Economic Forces ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Selection Of

The author, Xinyang Wang, is a social historian who reassesses the history of early Chinese immigrants in New York City, departing from the ethnic-heritage and racism analyses of immigrants' adaptation to America. Instead, he pursues an actor-oriented approach, showing how economic forces played an important part in the decision-making activities of the immigrants, such as the selection of neighbourhoods for settlement, participation in the labour movement, return to China, and intensification of intra-group solidarity.

Framing Puerto Rican Identity: Political Opportunity Structures and Neighborhood Organizing in New York City

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy Schneider
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
York City ◽  
Political Opportunity ◽  
Political Opportunity Structures ◽  
Alliance Partners ◽  
Neighborhood Organizing ◽  
Activist Movements ◽  
Selection Of

This article examines three decades of Puerto Rican social movement organizing in three New York City neighborhoods. It begins with a look at Puerto Rican nationalist movements in the late sixties and early seventies, moves to the housing movements in the mid-seventies to early eighties and concludes with the AIDS activist movements from the mid-eighties through the nineties. It argues that mobilizing frames and trajectories of these neighborhood movements were determined by differences in the local political opportunity structure, in particular (1) the distribution of political power among competing ethnic groups, (2) the opportunity to form political coalitions, and (3) the divergent trajectories and frames of previous movements. These different frames shaped the way organizers responded to new issues, influencing in particular activists' selection of targets, alliance partners, tactics, and discourse.

Amazon-NYC reversal will aid PPPs in other cities

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Corporate Investment ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Early Evidence ◽  
Insight Into

Subject Corporate incentives to cities. Significance Amazon’s abandoment of its second headquarters (HQ2) plans in New York City (NYC) provides insight into limitations of subsidies to attact corporate investment to cities, and the potential value of public-private partnerships (PPPs) as an alternative. Impacts Research showing that firms flock to people, not places, suggests cities should fund services and infrastructure, not firms. New York Governor Andrew Cuomo tried to persuade Amazon to return but made little progress and the campaign quickly lost momentum. Amazon employs 6,600 people in Austin, Texas and will add 800 jobs without incentives, early evidence that cities will learn from HQ2/NYC.

[no title]

1992 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-31
Author(s):  
Halina Rusak
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Contemporary Art ◽  
Visual Arts ◽  
York City ◽  
Art History ◽  
Art World ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Insight Into

My involvement as an artist and as an art librarian allows me to see a full spectrum of art history from its inception by an artist to its assessment by an art historian. It enables me to better understand the needs of faculty and students in the field of visual arts, as well as to interface effectively with faculty and scholars in art history. My gallery membership at SOHO 20 in New York City provides me with insight into art trends in the making. It demonstrates well a woman’s place in the contemporary art world, and a role of a critic in promoting or establishing an artist. I feel that this knowledge makes me a better librarian.

The Great Orchestrator

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Doering
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
American Music ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Arts Management ◽  
Radio Network ◽  
New York Philharmonic ◽  
Insight Into

This biography charts the career and legacy of the pioneering American music manager Arthur Judson (1881–1975), who rose to prominence in Philadelphia and New York at the beginning of the twentieth century. A violinist by training, Judson became manager of the Philadelphia Orchestra in 1915 under the iconic conductor Leopold Stokowski. Within a few years, Judson took on management of the New York Philharmonic as well as several individual artists and most of the important conductors working in America. In addition to his colorful career behind the scenes at two preeminent American orchestras, Judson founded a nationwide network of local managers and later became involved in the relatively unexplored medium of radio, working first with WEAF in New York City and then forming his own national radio network in 1927. Providing valuable insight into the workings of these orchestras and the formative years of arts management, this book is a portrait of one of the most powerful managers in American musical history.

Interview with Paul Schrader conducted by Michelle E. Moore and Brian Brems on 9/27/2018 at the Rail Line Diner, NYC

2020 ◽  
pp. 209-230
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Taxi Driver ◽  
Stylistic Evolution ◽  
Auteur Theory ◽  
Rail Line ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Film Critic

This career spanning interview with writer/director/film critic Paul Schrader was conducted in New York City in September 2018. During the wide-ranging conversation, Schrader reflects on his filmography, weighs in on the validity of the auteur theory, offers insight into his approach to writing and directing, draws distinctions between being a film artist and a film critic, and tells interesting stories from his life in the cinema. He discusses his most important contributions to film, including the screenplay for Taxi Driver, his stylistic evolution beginning with American Gigolo, and his celebrated film First Reformed. He also provides trenchant observations about the state of the cinema and how the film business has changed over time, insights offered with his typically unvarnished candor.

“Invasión Del 80/¡Yo Vine Del Mariel!”

2020 ◽  
pp. 279-322
Author(s):  
Benjamin Lapidus
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Puerto Ricans ◽  
Dance Music ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Music Scenes ◽  
Insight Into

This chapter discusses the immediate musical impact of the 1980 Mariel Boatlift by examining some of the dancers and musicians who arrived in New York City at that time: Orlando “Puntilla” Ríos, Manuel Martínez Olivera “El llanero solitario” (The Lone Ranger), Roberto Borrell, Rita Macías, Xiomara Rodríguez, Félix “Pupy” Insua, Pedro Domech, Daniel Ponce, Fernando Lavoy, Gerardo “Taboada” Fernández, Gabriel “Chinchilita” Machado, and many others. The chapter highlights the musical activities of these people and other musicians and its long-term effects on the folkloric and Latin popular dance music scenes in New York and the greater United States, not only in the performance realm but in many cases also as teachers for subsequent generations of Cuban and non-Cuban musicians, particularly Puerto Ricans in New York City. This group of artists who arrived during El Mariel would also serve as important points of connection for the next major wave of newly arriving musicians and dancers in the early 1990s, known as the balseros (raft people). Ultimately, the chapter provides an analysis of and insight into this overlooked era of Cuban musical history in New York and how it would impact Latin music in New York and elsewhere.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document