scholarly journals Gymnasts' ability for general motor imagery evaluated by bioelectric sensorimotor rhythms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotaka Sugino ◽  
Junichi Ushiyama
Keyword(s):  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Shoulder Abduction ◽  
Imagery Ability ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Motor Execution ◽  
General Motor ◽  
General Movements ◽  
Scalp Electroencephalogram ◽  
Sensorimotor Rhythms

Introduction: Previous psychological studies using questionnaires have consistently reported that athletes have superior motor imagery ability, both for sports-specific movements and general movements. However, regarding general motor imagery, no physiological studies have demonstrated differences in neural activity between athletes and non-athletes. Gymnasts may be a suitable population for investigating this issue because they are likely to have particularly superior motor imagery ability due to their frequent usage of motor imagery as part of daily practice. Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to examine differences in bioelectric sensorimotor rhythms during kinesthetic motor imagery of general movements between gymnasts and non-gymnasts. Methods: Healthy young participants (16 gymnasts and 16 non-gymnasts) performed repeated motor execution and motor imagery of general movements (wrist dorsiflexion and shoulder abduction of the dominant hand). Scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded over the contralateral sensorimotor cortex. During motor execution and motor imagery, sensorimotor EEG power is known to decrease in the α- (8-15 Hz) and β-bands (16-35 Hz), referred to as event-related desynchronization (ERD). We calculated the maximal peak of ERD both in the α- (αERDmax) and β-bands (βERDmax) as a measure of changes in corticospinal excitability. Results: ERD magnitude during motor imagery was significantly greater in gymnasts, who subjectively evaluated their motor imagery as being more vivid. In particular, αERDmax was greater in gymnasts compared with non-gymnasts for both motor imagery tasks, whereas βERDmax was greater in gymnasts only for shoulder abduction imagery. Conclusion: We observed gymnasts' signature of flexibly modulating sensorimotor rhythm with no movement, which may be the basis of their superior general motor imagery ability.

scholarly journals Gymnasts' Ability to Modulate Sensorimotor Rhythms During Kinesthetic Motor Imagery of Sports Non-specific Movements Superior to Non-gymnasts

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotaka Sugino ◽  
Junichi Ushiyama
Keyword(s):  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Shoulder Abduction ◽  
Imagery Ability ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Motor Execution ◽  
Maximal Peak ◽  
Scalp Electroencephalogram ◽  
Sensorimotor Rhythms ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg

Previous psychological studies using questionnaires have consistently reported that athletes have superior motor imagery ability, both for sports-specific and for sports-non-specific movements. However, regarding motor imagery of sports-non-specific movements, no physiological studies have demonstrated differences in neural activity between athletes and non-athletes. The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in sensorimotor rhythms during kinesthetic motor imagery (KMI) of sports-non-specific movements between gymnasts and non-gymnasts. We selected gymnasts as an example population because they are likely to have particularly superior motor imagery ability due to frequent usage of motor imagery, including KMI as part of daily practice. Healthy young participants (16 gymnasts and 16 non-gymnasts) performed repeated motor execution and KMI of sports-non-specific movements (wrist dorsiflexion and shoulder abduction of the dominant hand). Scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded over the contralateral sensorimotor cortex. During motor execution and KMI, sensorimotor EEG power is known to decrease in the α- (8–15 Hz) and β-bands (16–35 Hz), referred to as event-related desynchronization (ERD). We calculated the maximal peak of ERD both in the α- (αERDmax) and β-bands (βERDmax) as a measure of changes in corticospinal excitability. αERDmax was significantly greater in gymnasts, who subjectively evaluated their KMI as being more vivid in the psychological questionnaire. On the other hand, βERDmax was greater in gymnasts only for shoulder abduction KMI. These findings suggest gymnasts' signature of flexibly modulating sensorimotor rhythms with no movements, which may be the basis of their superior ability of KMI for sports-non-specific movements.

scholarly journals Brain Activation in Primary Motor and Somatosensory Cortices during Motor Imagery Correlates with Motor Imagery Ability in Stroke Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Confalonieri ◽  
Giuseppe Pagnoni ◽  
Lawrence W. Barsalou ◽  
Justin Rajendra ◽  
Simon B. Eickhoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Premotor Cortex ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Wave Force ◽  
Sine Wave ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Imagery Ability ◽  
Motor Execution ◽  
Stroke Patients

Aims. While studies on healthy subjects have shown a partial overlap between the motor execution and motor imagery neural circuits, few have investigated brain activity during motor imagery in stroke patients with hemiparesis. This work is aimed at examining similarities between motor imagery and execution in a group of stroke patients. Materials and Methods. Eleven patients were asked to perform a visuomotor tracking task by either physically or mentally tracking a sine wave force target using their thumb and index finger during fMRI scanning. MIQ-RS questionnaire has been administered. Results and Conclusion. Whole-brain analyses confirmed shared neural substrates between motor imagery and motor execution in bilateral premotor cortex, SMA, and in the contralesional inferior parietal lobule. Additional region of interest-based analyses revealed a negative correlation between kinaesthetic imagery ability and percentage BOLD change in areas 4p and 3a; higher imagery ability was associated with negative and lower percentage BOLD change in primary sensorimotor areas during motor imagery.

scholarly journals Mu oscillations and motor imagery performance: A reflection of success, not ability

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Y Chen ◽  
Kathryn Lambert ◽  
Christopher R Madan ◽  
Anthony Singhal
Keyword(s):  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Functional Equivalence ◽  
Imagery Ability ◽  
Imagery Task ◽  
Motor Execution ◽  
Ability Test ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Exact Relationship

AbstractMotor imagery, or our ability to imagine movement without actually engaging in the action, has been an increasingly popular tool in rehabilitation settings. Understanding its neural underpinning is crucial for further development of new interventions. Using scalp electroencephalography (EEG), many studies have shown that mu oscillations (8-13 Hz), a variant of the alpha band recorded over the motor cortex electrodes, are involved in both the imagination and performance of movements; however, the exact relationship between mu oscillations and motor imagery is unclear. To further our understanding of the functional significance of mu oscillations and their role in both motor learning and motor performance, our study sought to investigate how suppression in mu oscillations varies during a motor imagery task according to both within subject imagery success and between subject imagery ability. We examined EEG activity while a large sample of participants performed an objective test of motor imagery ability (Test of Ability in Movement Imagery, TAMI). Results demonstrated that mu oscillatory activity significantly decreased during successful imagery trials as compared to unsuccessful ones. However, the extent of reduction in mu oscillations did not correlate with individual imagery ability. These results provide further support for the involvement of mu oscillations in motor behaviours and indicate that suppression in mu oscillations may serve as an important index for determining successful motor imagery performance within an individual. The processes that underlie this success are likely similar to those that underlie successful motor execution, given motor imagery’s proposed functional equivalence to motor imagery.

scholarly journals CHANGES IN PATTERNS OF SENSORIMOTOR EEG RHYTHMS DURING MOTOR IMAGERY

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
VF F Pyatin ◽  
AV V Kolsanov ◽  
MS S Segreeva ◽  
ES S Korovina ◽  
AV V Zakharov
Keyword(s):  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Eeg Rhythms ◽  
Common Spatial Pattern ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
The Right ◽  
Sensorimotor Rhythms

Aim - the determination of common and individual characteristics in patterns of sensorimotor rhythms of EEG during motor imagery in upper and lower limbs. Materials and methods. 20 right-handed students of Samara State Medical University at the age of 18-20 years took part in the investigation, signing informed consent. Monopolar EEG was recorded with the use of 128-channel EEG recording system (BP-010302 BrainАmpStandart 128) at rest and during the imagining of monovector movements in 4 limbs (bending fingers of the right hand, bending fingers of the left hand, dorsiflexion of the right foot, dorsiflexion of the left foot); and during the imagining of triple-vector movements in the dominant hand (fingers bending, elbow flexion, wrist rotation). The following programs and methods were used during the processing of EEG: MatLab, IBM SPSS Statistics 22, ICA (independent component analysis), CSP (Common Spatial Pattern), LORETA. Results. It was found out that alpha2- and beta2- EEG frequency bands are highly significant for the formation of contralateral activation focus during motor imagery in the 4 limbs. ERD / ERS of the EEG rhythms were more pronounced during imagining movements in the dominant limbs (right hand, right leg) than in non-dominant.We found individuality of responses of sensorimotor EEG rhythms in addition to the general trends of EEG changes during imagination of one-type movement in the 4 limbs. The significance of changes in the power of EEG sensorimotor rhythms for differentiating 3 degrees of freedom during motor imagery in one limb was not found. Conclusion. Event-related desynchronization/synchro-nization(ERD/ERS) of sensorimotor EEG rhythms related to motor imagery has individual characteristics and their classification will lead to the significant increase of the number of degrees of freedom in creation and implementation of BCI.

scholarly journals Source Detection and Functional Connectivity of the Sensorimotor Cortex during Actual and Imaginary Limb Movement: A Preliminary Study on the Implementation of eConnectome in Motor Imagery Protocols

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alkinoos Athanasiou ◽  
Chrysa Lithari ◽  
Konstantina Kalogianni ◽  
Manousos A. Klados ◽  
Panagiotis D. Bamidis
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Motor Imagery ◽  
Sensorimotor Cortex ◽  
Mu Rhythm ◽  
Source Detection ◽  
Motor Execution ◽  
Motor Tasks ◽  
Computer Interfaces ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Real Hand

Introduction. Sensorimotor cortex is activated similarly during motor execution and motor imagery. The study of functional connectivity networks (FCNs) aims at successfully modeling the dynamics of information flow between cortical areas.Materials and Methods. Seven healthy subjects performed 4 motor tasks (real foot, imaginary foot, real hand, and imaginary hand movements), while electroencephalography was recorded over the sensorimotor cortex. Event-Related Desynchronization/Synchronization (ERD/ERS) of the mu-rhythm was used to evaluate MI performance. Source detection and FCNs were studied with eConnectome.Results and Discussion. Four subjects produced similar ERD/ERS patterns between motor execution and imagery during both hand and foot tasks, 2 subjects only during hand tasks, and 1 subject only during foot tasks. All subjects showed the expected brain activation in well-performed MI tasks, facilitating cortical source estimation. Preliminary functional connectivity analysis shows formation of networks on the sensorimotor cortex during motor imagery and execution.Conclusions. Cortex activation maps depict sensorimotor cortex activation, while similar functional connectivity networks are formed in the sensorimotor cortex both during actual and imaginary movements. eConnectome is demonstrated as an effective tool for the study of cortex activation and FCN. The implementation of FCN in motor imagery could induce promising advancements in Brain Computer Interfaces.

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