scholarly journals Prenatal alcohol exposure disrupts hippocampal sharp‐wave ripple‐associated spike dynamics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan E Harvey ◽  
Laura E Berkowitz ◽  
Daniel D Savage ◽  
Benjamin J Clark
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Pyramidal Cells ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Intrinsic Structure ◽  
Ca1 Pyramidal Cells ◽  
Sharp Wave ◽  
Activation Rate ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol ◽  
Spike Dynamics

Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is among the most common developmental insults to the nervous system and is characterized by memory disruption. There is a pressing need to identify physiological alterations that help explain this memory impairment. Hippocampal sharp-wave ripples (SPW-Rs) are a compelling candidate for this purpose as they are the electrophysiological signatures of memory consolidation. We report that rats exposed to moderate prenatal alcohol display abnormalities restricted to SPW-R episodes that manifest as decreased recruitment of CA1 pyramidal cells and interneurons to SPW-R events, altered excitation during SPW-Rs, and decreased cell assembly activation rate. These differences observed at the single neuron and the population level may limit the ability of memory trace reactivation during SPW-Rs through the disruption of the intrinsic structure of cell sequences. Together, our results suggest that alterations in hippocampal SPW-R spike dynamics may underlie alcohol exposure-related memory deficits.

Complex Trauma and Prenatal Alcohol Exposure: Clinical Implications

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvette D. Hyter
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Child Development ◽  
Academic Outcomes ◽  
Complex Trauma ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Complex trauma resulting from chronic maltreatment and prenatal alcohol exposure can significantly affect child development and academic outcomes. Children with histories of maltreatment and those with prenatal alcohol exposure exhibit remarkably similar central nervous system impairments. In this article, I will review the effects of each on the brain and discuss clinical implications for these populations of children.

Prenatal alcohol exposure and signs of minor neurological dysfunction at preschool age

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 508-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Béatrice Larroque ◽  
Monique Kaminski ◽  
Phillipe Dehaene ◽  
Damien Subtil ◽  
Denis Querleu
Keyword(s):  
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
Minor Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol

Impact of Moderate Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on Problem Behaviors in Preschool and School Children

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Pfinder ◽  
Stefan Liebig ◽  
Reinhold Feldmann
Keyword(s):  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
German Health ◽  
Kiggs Study ◽  
Strengths And Difficulties ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol

Data on the relation between moderate prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and behavioral disorders are inconsistent, and this raises new questions. We examined (1) the association between moderate PAE and problem behaviors and (2) whether these associations differed by levels of socioeconomic status (SES), fetal smoke exposure, or exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Data were taken from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS) study. Parents evaluated children’s behaviors using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Results showed a slight, but insignificant, increase of problem behaviors in children with moderate PAE. In 3- to 6-year-olds, PAE had a stronger effect on hyperactivity/inattention in combination with fetal smoke exposure (odds ratio = 2.82), than did PAE alone. Effects were not stronger in low-SES children, but they were stronger in children with ETS. We conclude that moderate PAE might have adverse effects on neurodevelopment, with stronger effects in disadvantaged populations. To confirm our preliminary findings, further research should be conducted.

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