scholarly journals Prospective predictors of risk and resilience trajectories during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tal Shilton ◽  
Anthony D Mancini ◽  
Samantha Perlstein ◽  
Grace E DiDomenico ◽  
Elina Visoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Growth Mixture Modeling ◽  
The United States ◽  
Baseline Risk ◽  
Risk And Resilience ◽  
Latent Growth ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Growth Mixture ◽  
Resilience Factors ◽  
Chronic Anxiety

Background. The COVID-19 pandemic is a rapidly evolving stressor with significant mental health consequences. We aimed to delineate distinct anxiety-response trajectories during the early stages of the pandemic and to identify baseline risk and resilience factors as predictors of anxiety responses. Methods. Using a crowdsourcing website, we enrolled 1,362 participants, primarily from the United States (n = 1064) and Israel (n = 222) over three time-points from April-September 2020. We used latent growth mixture modeling to identify anxiety trajectories over time. Group comparison and multivariate regression models were used to examine demographic and risk and resilience factors associated with class membership. Results. A four-class model provided the best fit. The resilient trajectory (stable low anxiety) was the most common (n = 961, 75.08%), followed by chronic anxiety (n = 149, 11.64%), recovery (n = 96, 7.50%) and delayed anxiety (n = 74, 5.78%). While COVID-19 stressors did not differ between trajectories, resilient participants were more likely to be older, living with another person and to report higher income, more education, fewer COVID-19 worries, better sleep quality, and more dispositional resilience factors at baseline. Multivariate analyses suggested that baseline emotion regulation capabilities and low conflictual relationships uniquely distinguished participants in distinct trajectories. Conclusions. Consistent with prior resilience research following major adversities, a majority of individuals showed stable low levels of low anxiety in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Knowledge about dispositional resilience factors may prospectively inform mental health trajectories early in the course of ongoing adversity.

Methodological Approaches to Modeling Criminal Trajectories

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-100
Author(s):  
David M. Day ◽  
Margit Wiesner
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Growth Curve ◽  
Growth Mixture Modeling ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Heterogeneous Population ◽  
Growth Curve Modeling ◽  
Latent Growth ◽  
Growth Mixture ◽  
Curve Modeling ◽  
Trajectory Models

Criminal offenders compose a heterogeneous population. Criminal trajectory research aims to capture this heterogeneity in terms of the frequency or severity of offending. This chapter describes the concept a criminal trajectory and the statistical technique used to derive trajectories from longitudinal data. Both the semiparametric group-based trajectory modeling (SGBTM) and latent growth mixture modeling (GMM) approaches are described in nontechnical terms, and the differences between them are noted. Despite some similarities, these approaches are also distinguished from conventional growth curve modeling. Guidelines and factors to consider in building and testing trajectory models are discussed. Last, extensions of SGBTM and GMM are presented.

scholarly journals The study protocol: Neuroendocrinology and (epi-) genetics of female reproductive transition phase mood disorder - an observational, longitudinal study from pregnancy to postpartum

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Johann ◽  
Ulrike Ehlert
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Family System ◽  
Risk And Resilience ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Resilience Factors ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Background Postpartum depression is considered to be one of the most common health threats during pregnancy and postpartum, affecting not only the woman herself but also the offspring and the whole family system. Evidence for a conclusive etiopathological model with distinct risk and resilience factors is still broadly lacking. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate numerous health-related markers to obtain greater insight into which biopsychosocial profiles render women more vulnerable to PPD or facilitate a healthy transition from pregnancy to postpartum. Methods The observational, longitudinal study aims to include a total of 288 physically healthy women, aged 20–45 years. A multitude of relevant parameters, of an (epi-) genetic, endocrinological, physiological and psychological nature, will be assessed over a period of 5 months, following the participants from the 3rd trimester until three months postpartum. Discussion The ultimate goal of the present study is to ameliorate mental health care during pregnancy and postpartum, by gaining a better understanding of the underlying biopsychosocial mechanisms that women undergo during the transition from pregnancy to postpartum.

scholarly journals Age Differences in Risk and Resilience Factors in COVID-19-Related Stress

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Pearman ◽  
MacKenzie L Hughes ◽  
Emily L Smith ◽  
Shevaun D Neupert
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Proactive Coping ◽  
Risk And Resilience ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Resilience Factors ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Abstract Objectives Older adults are at higher risk for death and infirmity from COVID-19 than younger and middle-aged adults. The current study examines COVID-19-specific anxiety and proactive coping as potential risk and resilience factors that may be differentially important for younger and older adults in understanding stress experienced due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Five hundred and fifteen adults aged 20–79 years in the United States reported on their anxiety about developing COVID-19, proactive coping, and stress related to COVID-19 in an online survey. Results Although there were no age differences in stress levels, anxiety about developing COVID-19 was associated with more COVID-19 stress for older adults relative to younger adults, but proactive coping was associated with less COVID-19 stress for older adults relative to younger adults. Discussion Our results suggest that anxiety might function as a risk factor, whereas proactive coping may function as a resilience factor for older adults’ COVID-19 stress. We encourage future context-dependent investigations into mental health among older adults during this pandemic and beyond.

Identifying trajectories of adolescent smoking: An application of latent growth mixture modeling.

2001 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig R. Colder ◽  
Paras Mehta ◽  
Kevin Balanda ◽  
Richard T. Campbell ◽  
Kathryn Mayhew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Mixture Modeling ◽  
Mixture Modeling ◽  
Adolescent Smoking ◽  
Latent Growth ◽  
Growth Mixture ◽  
Latent Growth Mixture Modeling
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