scholarly journals A low-resource reliable pipeline to democratize multi-modal connectome estimation and analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross Lawrence ◽  
Alexander Loftus ◽  
Gregory Kiar ◽  
Eric Bridgeford ◽  
Vikram Chandrashekhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Parameter Tuning ◽  
Biological Variability ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
Manual Intervention ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Brain ◽  
And Diffusion

Connectomics-the study of brain networks-provides a unique and valuable opportunity to study the brain. However, research in human connectomics, accomplished via Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), is a resource-intensive practice: typical analysis routines require impactful decision making and significant computational capabilities. Mitigating these issues requires the development of low-resource, easy to use, and flexible pipelines which can be applied across data with variable collection parameters. In response to these challenges, we have developed the MRI to Graphs (m2g) pipeline. m2g leverages functional and diffusion datasets to estimate connectomes reliably. To illustrate, m2g was used to process MRI data from 35 different studies (~6,000 scans) from 15 sites without any manual intervention or parameter tuning. Every single scan yielded an estimated connectome that followed established properties, such as stronger ipsilateral than contralateral connections in structural connectomes, and stronger homotopic than heterotopic correlations in functional connectomes. Moreover, the connectomes generated by m2g are more similar within individuals than between them, suggesting that m2g preserves biological variability. m2g is portable, and can run on a single CPU with 16 GB of RAM in less than a couple hours, or be deployed on the cloud using its docker container. All code is available on https://neurodata.io/mri/.

Magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion‐weighted imaging in methylmalonic acidemia

2005 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Yeşildağ ◽  
A. Ayata ◽  
B. Baykal ◽  
M. Koroglu ◽  
H. Yıldız ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Methylmalonic Acidemia ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Brain ◽  
And Diffusion

Methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) is an inborn disorder of amino acid metabolism, often presenting with neurological symptoms. We present the results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) of the brain in a 16‐month‐old male patient with classic neurological and laboratory findings for MMA. MRI demonstrated the hyperintensity within globi pallidi both on T2‐weighted image and DWI during the acute episode of metabolic acidosis.

scholarly journals 876 Disorders of the Brain Revealed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in Infants with Severe Congenital Cytomegaly

2010 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 440-440
Author(s):  
B Milewska-Bobula ◽  
B Lipka ◽  
J Zebrowska ◽  
E Jurkiewicz ◽  
I Pakula-Kosciesza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Brain

Cerebral schistosomiasis: MRI features with pathological correlation

2020 ◽  
pp. 028418512093447
Author(s):  
Chun-yan Lu ◽  
Sha Zhao ◽  
Yi Wei
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Brain Area ◽  
Pathological Findings ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Mri Features ◽  
Cerebral Involvement ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Radiology And Pathology

Background Neuroschistosomiasis is not commonly encountered and is probably underrecognized. We hope these findings can help clinicians and radiologists to raise awareness of this disabling disorder. Purpose To demonstrate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of cerebral schistosomiasis and correlate it with pathological findings. Material and Methods We identified seven patients with cerebral schistosomiasis from radiology and pathology archives of our hospital. Of the seven patients, six were pathologically confirmed. The remaining patient had pathologically confirmed spinal schistosomiasis with MRI findings of cerebral involvement. MRI and pathological findings of these patients were analyzed and correlated. Results Multiple enhancing nodules at varying size were found in all patients. Prominent leptomeningeal or choroidal veins were found in six patients, four at the center of the foci and two at the periphery. Hemorrhage was identified in two patients. Histology revealed granulomas around ova in six patients. A prominent vein with ova in the lumen and wall of a vein was found in one patient and perivascular ova deposition was found in one patient. Conclusion Multiple enhancing nodules with central or peripheral veins in a circumscribed brain area are important signs to the diagnosis of cerebral schistosomiasis. The inflamed veins involved may be the route taken by the ova to spread to the brain tissue.

scholarly journals An Atypical Porencephalic Cyst Manifesting as a Simple Partial Seizure: A Case Report and Literature Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz Ibrahim Al Thafar ◽  
Abdullatif Sami Al Rashed ◽  
Bayan Abdullah Al Matar ◽  
Abdulaziz Mohammad Al-Sharydah ◽  
Abdulrahman Hamad Al-Abdulwahhab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Neurological Disease ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Atypical Presentation ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Simple Partial Seizure ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Brain

Background. Porencephaly is an extremely rare neurological disease characterized by the presence of solitary or multiple degenerative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cavities within the brain parenchyma. Case Report. We describe a case involving a 23-year-old male who presented with involuntary movements of the left upper limb of 6 months’ duration. A diagnosis of porencephaly was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Conclusion. The rarity of occurrence and atypical presentation of such a lesion present a challenge to clinicians. Little is known about the pathogenesis and appropriate management of porencephaly. Further studies of the implications of porencephaly for neurodevelopment and behavior are needed.

scholarly journals Political Neuroscience: Understanding How the Brain Makes Political Decisions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid J. Haas ◽  
Clarisse Warren ◽  
Samantha J. Lauf
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Political Psychology ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Political Cognition

Recent research in political psychology and biopolitics has begun to incorporate theory and methods from cognitive neuroscience. The emerging interdisciplinary field of political neuroscience (or neuropolitics) is focused on understanding the neural mechanisms underlying political information processing and decision making. Most of the existing work in this area has utilized structural magnetic resonance imaging, functional magnetic resonance imaging, or electroencephalography, and focused on understanding areas of the brain commonly implicated in social and affective neuroscience more generally. This includes brain regions involved in affective and evaluative processing, such as the amygdala, insula, anterior cingulate, and orbitofrontal cortex, as well as regions involved in social cognition (e.g., medial prefrontal cortex [PFC]), decision making (e.g., dorsolateral PFC), and reward processing (e.g., ventral striatum). Existing research in political neuroscience has largely focused on understanding candidate evaluation, political participation, and ideological differences. Early work in the field focused simply on examining neural responses to political stimuli, whereas more recent work has begun to examine more nuanced hypotheses about how the brain engages in political cognition and decision making. While the field is still relatively new, this work has begun to improve our understanding of how people engage in motivated reasoning about political candidates and elected officials and the extent to which these processes may be automatic versus relatively more controlled. Other work has focused on understanding how brain differences are related to differences in political opinion, showing both structural and functional variation between political liberals and political conservatives. Neuroscientific methods are best used as part of a larger, multimethod research program to help inform theoretical questions about mechanisms underlying political cognition. This work can then be triangulated with experimental laboratory studies, psychophysiology, and traditional survey approaches and help to constrain and ensure that theory in political psychology and political behavior is biologically plausible given what we know about underlying neural architecture. This field will continue to grow, as interest and expertise expand and new technologies become available.

scholarly journals Utility of PCR Assay in Diagnosis of En-Plaque Tuberculoma of the Brain

1999 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. K. Singh ◽  
M. D. Nair ◽  
K. Radhakrishnan ◽  
J. S. Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Antitubercular Drugs ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Specific Pcr Assay ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Brain

This is the first report of a case in which diagnosis of en-plaque tuberculoma on the basis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings was confirmed by a Mycobacterium tuberculosiscomplex-specific PCR assay of cerebrospinal fluid. The accuracy of the diagnosis was supported by good response to antitubercular drugs, which was shown by repeat MRI studies performed after treatment.

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