Childhood Immuno-metabolic Markers and Risk of Depression and Psychosis in Adulthood: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study

Metabolic and inflammatory disorders commonly co-occur with depression and psychosis, with emerging evidence implicating immuno-metabolic dysfunction in their aetiology. Previous studies have reported metabolic dysfunction and inflammation in adults with depression and psychosis. However, longitudinal studies testing the direction of association, and the effects of different dimensions of early-life immuno-metabolic dysfunction on adult psychopathology, are limited. Using data from 3875 birth cohort participants we examined longitudinal associations of three metabolic hormones (leptin, adiponectin, insulin) at age 9 with risks for depression- and psychosis-spectrum outcomes at age 24. In addition, using nine immuno-metabolic biomarkers, we constructed an exploratory bifactor model showing a general immuno-metabolic factor and three specific factors (adiposity, inflammation, and insulin resistance), which were also used as exposures. Childhood leptin was associated with adult depressive episode (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=1.28; 95% CI, 1.00-1.64) and negative symptoms (aOR=1.12; 95% CI, 1.05-1.20). The general immuno-metabolic factor was associated with depressive symptoms (aOR=1.05; 95% CI, 1.01-1.08) and psychotic experiences (aOR=1.20; 95% CI, 1.01-1.42). The adiposity factor was associated with negative symptoms (aOR=1.07; 95% CI 1.02-1.12). All associations tended to be stronger in women, though 95% credible intervals overlapped with that for men. In women, the inflammatory factor was associated with depressive episode (aOR=1.23; 95% CI, 1.01-1.47) and atypical depressive symptoms (aOR=1.10; 95% CI, 1.02-1.19). While general immuno-metabolic dysfunction in childhood may contribute to risks for both psychotic and depressive symptoms in adulthood, childhood adiposity and inflammation are linked to affective (depressive, atypical, and negative) symptoms.

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Trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms and offspring’s risk behavior in early adolescence: data from the 2004 Pelotas birth cohort study

BMC Psychiatry ◽

10.1186/s12888-020-03026-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ana Beatriz Bozzini ◽

Jessica Mayumi Maruyama ◽

Tiago N. Munhoz ◽

Aluísio J. D. Barros ◽

Fernando C. Barros ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Maternal Depression ◽

Risk Behavior ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Self Report ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

Maternal Depressive Symptoms

Abstract Background This longitudinal study explored the relationship between trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms and offspring’s risk behavior in adolescence contributing to an extremely scarce literature about the impacts of maternal depression trajectories on offspring risk behaviors. Methods We included 3437 11-year-old adolescents from the 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort Study. Trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms were constructed using Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EDPS) from age 3 months to 11 years. We identified five trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms: “low” “moderate low”, “increasing”, “decreasing”, and “chronic high”. The following adolescent outcomes were identified via self-report questionnaire and analyzed as binary outcome –yes/no: involvement in fights and alcohol use at age 11. We used logistic regression models to examine the effects of trajectories of maternal depressive symptoms on offspring’s risk behavior adjusting for potential confounding variable. Results Alcohol use and/or abuse as well as involvement in fights during adolescence, were not significantly associated with any specific trajectory of maternal depressive symptoms neither in the crude nor in the adjusted analyses. Conclusion Alcohol use and involvement in fights at age 11 were not associated with any specific trajectory of maternal depression.

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A birth cohort study to investigate the association between prenatal phthalate and bisphenol A exposures and fetal markers of metabolic dysfunction

Environmental Health ◽

10.1186/1476-069x-13-84 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Jillian Ashley-Martin ◽

Linda Dodds ◽

Tye E Arbuckle ◽

Adrienne S Ettinger ◽

Gabriel D Shapiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Bisphenol A ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

Metabolic Dysfunction

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Childhood Inflammatory Markers and Risks for Psychosis and Depression at Age 24: examination of temporality and specificity of association in a population-based prospective birth cohort

10.1101/2020.11.25.20238436 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Benjamin I. Perry ◽

Stanley Zammit ◽

Peter B. Jones ◽

Golam M. Khandaker

Keyword(s):

Birth Cohort ◽

Psychotic Disorder ◽

Depressive Episode ◽

Inflammatory Markers ◽

Negative Symptoms ◽

Probit Regression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Shared Risk ◽

The Impact

AbstractBackgroundCross-sectional studies have reported elevated concentrations of inflammatory markers in psychosis and depression. However, questions regarding temporality and specificity of association, crucial for understanding the potential role of inflammation, remain.MethodsBased on 2,224 ALSPAC birth cohort participants, we used regression analyses to test associations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels at age 9 with risks for psychosis (psychotic experiences; negative symptoms; psychotic disorder), and depression (depressive episode; symptom score) at age 24. Regression models were adjusted for sex, ethnicity, social class and body mass index. We tested for linearity (using quadratic terms) and specificity (using bivariate probit regression) of association, and used multiple imputation to explore the impact of missing data.ResultsAfter adjustments, higher IL-6 levels at age 9 were associated with increased risk of psychotic disorder (OR=1.56; 95% C.I., 1.10-2.21 per SD increase in IL-6; OR=1.49; 95% C.I., 1.02-2.18 for the top compared with bottom third of IL-6) and depressive episode (OR=1.14; 95% C.I., 0.99-1.32 per SD increase in IL-6; OR=1.49; 95% C.I., 1.02-2.18 for the top compared with bottom third of IL-6). IL-6 was associated with negative symptoms after adjusting for depression (β=0.09; 95% C.I., 0.01-0.22). There was no evidence for outcome-specific associations of IL-6. Childhood CRP was not associated with adult psychosis or depression.ConclusionsEvidence for similar, longitudinal, dose-response associations suggest that elevated childhood IL-6 could be a shared risk factor for psychosis and depression. The IL-6 pathway may represent a novel target for treatment and prevention of these disorders.

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O1B.3 Hyperactivity disorder in children was related to maternal employment status during pregnancy and postpartum depressive symptoms: a prospective cohort study

Occupational and Environmental Medicine ◽

10.1136/oem-2019-epi.14 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. A5.2-A5

Author(s):

Ping Shih ◽

Ching-Chun Huang ◽

Tung-liang Chiang ◽

Pau-Chung Chen ◽

Yue-Liang Leon Guo

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Job Stress ◽

Maternal Employment ◽

Employment Status ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

Hyperactivity Disorder ◽

Postpartum Depressive Symptoms ◽

Pregnancy And Postpartum

BackgroundAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neurobehavioral disorders globally. Although some investigations implied a relationship between ADHD and maternal psychosocial stress exposure during pregnancy, little is known about the effects of maternal occupational exposure and even postpartum mental health. This study aimed to investigate whether maternal employment status during pregnancy and postpartum depressive symptoms are related to offspring hyperactivity, one of the key early symptoms of children ADHD.MethodsTaiwan Birth Cohort Study recruited representative mother-infant pairs, as a result of approximately 12% of all deliveries in 2005 using multistage stratified sampling. Employment status with or without job stress during pregnancy and postpartum depressive symptoms were inquired when the child was six months of age by face-to-face interview. Ever having hyperactivity syndrome as evaluated by physicians, psychologists, or special educators was inquired when the child was eight years of age. Factors of hyperactivity, including maternal employment, job stress, and postpartum depression were studied by adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) using logistic regression, adjusting for gender, urban/rural residence, birth season and household income.Results18 215 mother-infant pairs were included in the final analysis, where 421 (2.3%) of children had been diagnosed as having hyperactivity before 8 years of age. Comparing to mothers employed and without job stress during pregnancy, the aOR (95% CI) of child hyperactivity was 1.47 (95%CI: 1.12, 1.94) for mothers with job stress and 1.43 (95%CI: 1.12, 1.84) for mothers with no employment during pregnancy, respectively. Besides, children were 1.36 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.73) times more likely to receive an ADHD diagnosis if their mother experienced postpartum depressive symptoms.ConclusionsIn this prospective birth cohort study, mothers’ employment status, job stress during pregnancy, and postpartum depressive symptoms were risk factors for the occurrence of hyperactivity in their children.

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The Relationship Between Body Composition, Glucose Metabolism, and Subtypes of Depressive Symptoms – Findings From the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-911998/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mia D. Eriksson ◽

Johan G. Eriksson ◽

Päivi Korhonen ◽

Minna K. Salonen ◽

Tuija M. Mikkola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Glucose Metabolism ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Beck Depression Inventory ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Lean Mass ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

Fat Mass Index

Abstract Background There is an existing link between two of the most common diseases, obesity and depression. These are both of great public health concern, but little is known about the relationships between the subtypes of these conditions. We hypothesized that non-melancholic depressive symptoms have a stronger relationship with both body composition (lean mass and fat mass) and dysfunctional glucose metabolism than melancholic depression. Methods For this cross-sectional study 1 510 participants from the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study had their body composition evaluated as lean mass and fat mass (Lean Mass Index + Fat Mass Index = Body Mass Index). Participants were evaluated for depressive symptoms utilizing the Beck Depression Inventory, and had laboratory assessments including an oral glucose tolerance test. Results Higher than average Fat Mass Index (kg/m2) was associated with a higher percentage of participants scoring in the depressive range of the Beck Depression Inventory (p=0.048). Higher Fat Mass Index was associated with a higher likelihood of having depressive symptoms (OR per 1-SD Fat Mass Index=1.37, 95% CI: 1.13-1.65), whereas higher Lean Mass Index (kg/m2) was associated with a lower likelihood of having depressive symptoms (OR per 1-SD Lean Mass Index=0.76, 95% CI: 0.64-0.91). Participants with an above average Fat Mass Index more frequently had non-melancholic depressive symptoms (p=0.008) regardless of Lean Mass Index levels (p=0.38). There was no difference between the body composition groups in the likelihood of having melancholic depressive symptoms (Fat Mass Index p=0.83, Lean Mass Index p=0.93). The non-melancholic group had higher Fat Mass Index than either of the other groups (p<0.001), and a higher 2-hour glucose concentration than the non-depressed group (p=0.005). Conclusion As hypothesized, non-melancholic depressive symptoms are most closely related to high fat mass index and dysfunctional glucose metabolism.

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