scholarly journals Identification of domestic cat hepadnavirus from a cat blood sample in Japan

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuki Takahashi ◽  
Yasuyuki Kaneko ◽  
Akiko Shibanai ◽  
Shushi Yamamoto ◽  
Ayana Katagiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Blood Sample ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Hepatic Cancer ◽  
Infection Status ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Hepatic Diseases ◽  
B Virus ◽  
The Impact

The hepatitis B virus (Hepadnaviridae) induces chronic hepatitis and hepatic cancer in humans. A novel domestic cat hepadnavirus (DCH) was recently identified in several countries, however, the DCH infection status of cats in Japan is unknown. Therefore, we investigated the DCH infection rate of 139 cat samples collected in Japan. We identified one positive blood sample (0.78%) from a 17-year-old female cat with chronically elevated alanine aminotransferase. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the DCH strain identified in this study is genetically distinct from strains in other countries. Further investigations are required to elucidate the evolution of DCH and the impact of DCH infection on hepatic diseases in domestic cats.

scholarly journals Study of the Impact of Hepatitis D Virus Infection on Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Patients in Egypt

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 449-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abdel-Hamid Ahmed ◽  
MostafaSaleh Abdel-Motaleb Sheemy ◽  
Nagwa Sedky ◽  
Gamal Esmat ◽  
Azza Abdul-Azim Gomaa
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis D ◽  
Hepatitis D Virus ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals GB Virus C Infection: Clinical Significance

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 814-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Wei Meng ◽  
Masafumi Komatsu ◽  
Shigetoshi Ohshima ◽  
Kunio Nakane ◽  
Tomoo Fujii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Gb Virus C ◽  
Hepatic Diseases ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Virus C

GB virus C (GBV-C) RNA positivity rates were examined in serum specimens from 231 patients with liver disease (23 patients with hepatitis B, 175 patients with hepatitis C, five patients with hepatitis B virus plus hepatitis C virus coinfection, and 28 patients with non-A, non-B, non-C hepatitis) to clarify the clinical significance of this virus. GBV-C RNA was detected in none of 12 patients with fulminant hepatitis, one of two patients with acute hepatitis positive for hepatitis B surface antigen and one of four patients with acute non-A, non-B, non-C hepatitis. Pathogenetic involvement of GBV-C was suspected in some patients in the latter group. Among patients with the non-B, non-C type of chronic disease, one of seven with cirrhosis (14%) and none with chronic hepatitis or hepatocellular carcinoma were GBV-C-positive. In chronic hepatitis C patients who had received interferon treatment, no difference was found in clinical findings, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentrations, histology or response to interferon between 11 patients who were GBV-C RNA-positive and 101 patients who were GBV-C RNA-negative. Moreover, changes in ALT after interferon therapy showed no relation to positivity for GBV-C RNA. On the basis of these findings, GBV-C appears to be an unlikely cause of initiation or progression of chronic hepatic diseases.

scholarly journals Molecular detection and characterisation of Domestic Cat Hepadnavirus (DCH) from blood and liver tissues of cats in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khanmani Anpuanandam ◽  
Gayathri Thevi Selvarajah ◽  
Mandy Mun Kei Choy ◽  
Shing Wei Ng ◽  
Kiven Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Whole Blood Samples ◽  
Liver Tissues

Abstract Background A new domestic cat hepadnavirus (DCH, family Hepadnaviridae) was first reported from whole blood samples of domestic cats in Australia in 2018, and from cat serum samples in Italy in 2019. The pathogenesis of DCH is unknown, but it was reported in cats with viraemia (6.5–10.8%), chronic hepatitis (43%) and hepatocellular carcinoma (28%). Recent reports suggest that DCH resembles the human hepatitis B virus (HBV) and its related hepatopathies. This study aims to detect and characterize DCH among domestic cats in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was performed on 253 cats, of which 87 had paired blood and liver samples, entailing whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of DCH from a liver tissue sample. Results Among the 253 cats included in this study, 12.3% of the whole blood samples tested positive for DCH. The detection rate was significantly higher in pet cats (16.6%, n = 24/145) compared to shelter cats (6.5%, n = 7/108). Liver tissues showed higher a DCH detection rate (14.9%, n = 13/87) compared to blood; 5 out of these 13 cats tested positive for DCH in their paired liver and blood samples. Serum alanine transaminase (ALT) was elevated (> 95 units/L) in 12 out of the 23 DCH-positive cats (52.2%, p = 0.012). Whole-genome sequence analysis revealed that the Malaysian DCH strain, with a genome size of 3184 bp, had 98.3% and 97.5% nucleotide identities to the Australian and Italian strains, respectively. The phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the Malaysian DCH genome was clustered closely to the Australian strain, suggesting that they belong to the same geographically-determined genetic pool (Australasia). Conclusions This study provided insights into a Malaysian DCH strain that was detected from a liver tissue. Interestingly, pet cats or cats with elevated ALT were significantly more likely to be DCH positive. Cats with positive DCH detection from liver tissues may not necessarily have viraemia. The impact of this virus on inducing liver diseases in felines warrants further investigation.

scholarly journals Elevated risk of colorectal, liver, and pancreatic cancers among HCV, HBV and/or HIV (co)infected individuals in a population based cohort in Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 175883592199298
Author(s):  
Maryam Darvishian ◽  
Zahid A. Butt ◽  
Stanley Wong ◽  
Eric M. Yoshida ◽  
Jaskaran Khinda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Infection Status ◽  
Pancreatic Cancers ◽  
Cancer Occurrence ◽  
Liver Cancers ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Proportional Subdistribution Hazards ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
The Impact

Introduction:Studies of the impact of hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HIV mono and co-infections on the risk of cancer, particularly extra-hepatic cancer, have been limited and inconsistent in their findings.Methods:In the British Columbia Hepatitis Testers Cohort, we assessed the risk of colorectal, liver, and pancreatic cancers in association with HCV, HBV and HIV infection status. Using Fine and Gray adjusted proportional subdistribution hazards models, we assessed the impact of infection status on each cancer, accounting for competing mortality risk. Cancer occurrence was ascertained from the BC Cancer Registry.Results:Among 658,697 individuals tested for the occurrence of all three infections, 1407 colorectal, 1294 liver, and 489 pancreatic cancers were identified. Compared to uninfected individuals, the risk of colorectal cancer was significantly elevated among those with HCV (Hazard ration [HR] 2.99; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.55–3.51), HBV (HR 2.47; 95% CI 1.85–3.28), and HIV mono-infection (HR 2.30; 95% CI 1.47–3.59), and HCV/HIV co-infection. The risk of liver cancer was significantly elevated among HCV and HBV mono-infected and all co-infected individuals. The risk of pancreatic cancer was significantly elevated among individuals with HCV (HR 2.79; 95% CI 2.01–3.70) and HIV mono-infection (HR 2.82; 95% CI 1.39–5.71), and HCV/HBV co-infection.Discussion/Conclusion:Compared to uninfected individuals, the risk of colorectal, pancreatic and liver cancers was elevated among those with HCV, HBV and/or HIV infection. These findings highlight the need for targeted cancer prevention and diligent clinical monitoring for hepatic and extrahepatic cancers in infected populations.

scholarly journals Interspecies Transmission of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus from the Domestic Cat to the Tsushima Cat (Felis bengalensis euptilura) in the Wild

1999 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 7916-7921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiaki Nishimura ◽  
Yuko Goto ◽  
Kumiko Yoneda ◽  
Yasuyuki Endo ◽  
Takuya Mizuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Lymphoid Cell ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Interspecies Transmission ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Lymphoid Cell Lines

ABSTRACT Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) was isolated from a wild-caught Tsushima cat (Felis bengalensis euptilura), an endangered Japanese nondomestic subspecies of leopard cat (F. bengalensis). Phylogenetic analysis of the env gene sequences indicated that the FIV from the Tsushima cat belonged to a cluster of subtype D FIVs from domestic cats. FIVs from both the Tsushima cat and the domestic cat showed similar levels of replication and cytopathicity in lymphoid cell lines derived from these two species. The results indicated the occurrence of interspecies transmission of FIV from the domestic cat to the Tsushima cat in the wild.

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on routine surveillance for adults with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in the UK.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cori Campbell ◽  
Tingyan Wang ◽  
David A. Smith ◽  
Oliver Freeman ◽  
Theresa Noble ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Routine Surveillance ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
B Virus ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Background and aims: To determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the population with chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection under hospital follow-up in the UK, we quantified the coverage and frequency of measurements of biomarkers used for routine surveillance (ALT and HBV viral load). Methods: We used anonymised electronic health record data from the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Informatics Collaborative (HIC) pipeline representing five UK NHS Trusts. Results: We report significant reductions in surveillance of both biomarkers during the pandemic compared to pre-COVID years, both in terms of the proportion of patients who had ≥1 measurement annually, and the mean number of measurements per patient. Conclusions: Further investigation is required to determine whether these disruptions will be associated with increased rates of adverse chronic HBV outcomes.

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