scholarly journals EZ Clear for simple, rapid, and robust mouse whole organ clearing

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Wei Hsu ◽  
Juan Cerda ◽  
Jason M Kirk ◽  
Williamson D. Turner ◽  
Tara L. Rasmussen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Adult Mouse ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fluorescence Signal ◽  
Tissue Architecture ◽  
Tissue Clearing ◽  
Clearing Method ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

Tissue clearing for whole organ cell profiling has revolutionized biology and imaging for exploration of organs in three-dimensional space without compromising tissue architecture. But complicated, laborious procedures, or expensive equipment, as well as the use of hazardous, organic solvents prevents the widespread adoption of these methods. Here we report a simple and rapid tissue clearing method, EZ Clear, that can clear whole adult mouse organs in 48 hours in just three simple steps. Samples stay at room temperature and remain hydrated throughout the clearing process, preserving endogenous and synthetic fluorescence, without altering sample size. After wholemount clearing and imaging, EZ Cleared samples can be further processed for downstream embedding and cryosectioning followed by standard histology or immunostaining, without loss of endogenous or synthetic fluorescence signal. Overall, the simplicity, speed, and flexibility of EZ Clear make it easy to adopt and apply to diverse approaches in biomedical research.

scholarly journals Orientation Dependence of Elastic and Piezoelectric Properties in Rhombohedral BiFeO3

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Jian ◽  
Fei Xue ◽  
Yuhang Guo ◽  
Chao Yan
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Piezoelectric Properties ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Bismuth Ferrite ◽  
Point Group ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Orientation Dependence ◽  
Polarization Axis ◽  
Three Dimensional Space ◽  
Piezoelectric Constants

Through a coordinate transformation approach, crystal orientation dependences of elastic and piezoelectric properties at room temperature have been investigated in a three-dimensional space for rhombohedral bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3). Elastic constants (stiffnesses) c11′, c12′, c13′ and piezoelectric constants d15′, d31′, d33′ along arbitrary orientations were obtained based on crystalline asymmetry characteristics of 3m point group BiFeO3. Parameters along specific orientations obtaining the largest values were presented. The max c11′ = 213 × 109 N/m2 could be achieved in planes with ϕ = 0° and 90°. The max c12′ = c13′ = 132.2 × 109 N/m2 could be achieved along directions at θ = 13° and θ = 77° inside three mirror planes, respectively. The max d15′ = 27.6 × 10−12 C/N and the max d31′ = 12.67 × 10−12 C/N could be both obtained along directions at θ = 69° inside mirror planes. The max d33′ = 18 × 10−12 C/N could be obtained at θ = 0°, along the spontaneous polarization axis. By adopting optimal directions, the elastic and piezoelectric parameters of BiFeO3 could be significantly enhanced which shows applications for the growth of BeFeO3 films with preferred orientations and enhanced properties.

Extension of the Spatial PDI Model to Three Dimensions

1997 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-178
Author(s):  
Frank O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Finite Lattice ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Upper Bounds ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Lower And Upper Bounds ◽  
Density Index ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

The author's population density index ( PDI) model is extended to three-dimensional distributions. A derived formula is presented that allows for the calculation of the lower and upper bounds of density in three-dimensional space for any finite lattice.

A Peptoid with Extended Shape in Water

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jumpei Morimoto ◽  
Yasuhiro Fukuda ◽  
Takumu Watanabe ◽  
Daisuke Kuroda ◽  
Kouhei Tsumoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biomolecular Recognition ◽  
Biological Application ◽  
New Class ◽  
Proteolytic Resistance ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Properties ◽  
Optically Pure ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

<div> <div> <div> <p>“Peptoids” was proposed, over decades ago, as a term describing analogs of peptides that exhibit better physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties than peptides. Oligo-(N-substituted glycines) (oligo-NSG) was previously proposed as a peptoid due to its high proteolytic resistance and membrane permeability. However, oligo-NSG is conformationally flexible and is difficult to achieve a defined shape in water. This conformational flexibility is severely limiting biological application of oligo-NSG. Here, we propose oligo-(N-substituted alanines) (oligo-NSA) as a new peptoid that forms a defined shape in water. A synthetic method established in this study enabled the first isolation and conformational study of optically pure oligo-NSA. Computational simulations, crystallographic studies and spectroscopic analysis demonstrated the well-defined extended shape of oligo-NSA realized by backbone steric effects. The new class of peptoid achieves the constrained conformation without any assistance of N-substituents and serves as an ideal scaffold for displaying functional groups in well-defined three-dimensional space, which leads to effective biomolecular recognition. </p> </div> </div> </div>

scholarly journals Quantitative image analysis of microbial communities with BiofilmQ

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimo Hartmann ◽  
Hannah Jeckel ◽  
Eric Jelli ◽  
Praveen K. Singh ◽  
Sanika Vaidya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Software Tool ◽  
Image Cytometry ◽  
Quantitative Image Analysis ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Quantitative Image ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

AbstractBiofilms are microbial communities that represent a highly abundant form of microbial life on Earth. Inside biofilms, phenotypic and genotypic variations occur in three-dimensional space and time; microscopy and quantitative image analysis are therefore crucial for elucidating their functions. Here, we present BiofilmQ—a comprehensive image cytometry software tool for the automated and high-throughput quantification, analysis and visualization of numerous biofilm-internal and whole-biofilm properties in three-dimensional space and time.

scholarly journals How Can I Grab That?

i-com ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-85
Author(s):  
Matthias Weise ◽  
Raphael Zender ◽  
Ulrike Lucke
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
User Experience ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Multiple Dimensions ◽  
Application Developers ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

AbstractThe selection and manipulation of objects in Virtual Reality face application developers with a substantial challenge as they need to ensure a seamless interaction in three-dimensional space. Assessing the advantages and disadvantages of selection and manipulation techniques in specific scenarios and regarding usability and user experience is a mandatory task to find suitable forms of interaction. In this article, we take a look at the most common issues arising in the interaction with objects in VR. We present a taxonomy allowing the classification of techniques regarding multiple dimensions. The issues are then associated with these dimensions. Furthermore, we analyze the results of a study comparing multiple selection techniques and present a tool allowing developers of VR applications to search for appropriate selection and manipulation techniques and to get scenario dependent suggestions based on the data of the executed study.

scholarly journals Planning model of a group UAV flight in three-dimensional space

2021 ◽  
Vol 1111 (1) ◽  
pp. 012034
Author(s):  
N A Maksimov ◽  
K Zhigalov ◽  
A V Gorban ◽  
I V Ignatev
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Planning Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Space
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