scholarly journals Modelling microbiome recovery after antibiotics using a stability landscape framework

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liam P. Shaw ◽  
Hassan Bassam ◽  
Chris P. Barnes ◽  
A. Sarah Walker ◽  
Nigel Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Stable Equilibria ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Short Courses ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Multiple Stable Equilibria

AbstractTreatment with antibiotics is one of the most extreme perturbations to the human microbiome. Even standard courses of antibiotics dramatically reduce the microbiome’s diversity and can cause transitions to dysbiotic states. Conceptually, this is often described as a ‘stability landscape’: the microbiome sits in a landscape with multiple stable equilibria, and sufficiently strong perturbations can shift the microbiome from its normal equilibrium to another state. However, this picture is only qualitative and has not been incorporated in previous mathematical models of the effects of antibiotics. Here, we outline a simple quantitative model based on the stability landscape concept and demonstrate its success on real data. Our analytical impulse-response model has minimal assumptions with three parameters. We fit this model in a Bayesian framework to data from a previous study of the year-long effects of short courses of four common antibiotics on the gut and oral microbiomes, allowing us to compare parameters between antibiotics and microbiomes, and further validate our model using data from another study looking at the impact of a combination of last-resort antibiotics on the gut microbiome. Using Bayesian model selection we find support for a long-term transition to an alternative microbiome state after courses of certain antibiotics in both the gut and oral microbiomes. Quantitative stability landscape frameworks are an exciting avenue for future microbiome modelling.

Influence of internal and external risks on sustainability of financial system of Аltai krai

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
R. N. Ibragimov
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Risk Management Strategy ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Impact

The article examines the impact of internal and external risks on the stability of the financial system of the Altai Territory. Classification of internal and external risks of decline, affecting the sustainable development of the financial system, is presented. A risk management strategy is proposed that will allow monitoring of risks, thereby these measures will help reduce the loss of financial stability and ensure the long-term development of the economy of the region.

scholarly journals A System Dynamics Model of Online Stores’ Sales: Positive and Negative E-WOM and Promotion Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 6045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Yan ◽  
Simin Zhou ◽  
Xiaoyan Zhang ◽  
Ye Li
Keyword(s):  
System Dynamics ◽  
Real Data ◽  
System Dynamics Model ◽  
Dynamics Model ◽  
Sustainable Operations ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Interaction Diagram ◽  
Online Stores ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, we build a causal interaction diagram between the factors that may influence the sales and profits of online stores. An online store’s real operation data were used to help determine the causal relationship between variables. Finally, we proposed a system dynamics model and conducted a simulation of the operation of an online store. In this model, we focused on the impact of promotion and positive/negative electronic word of mouth (e-WOM) on the sales and profits of the online stores. The simulation results showed a similar trend to the real data and the main research finding showed that promotion is not a long-term measure for the sustainable development of online stores. Excessive promotion effort may lead to consumers’ dissatisfaction leading the increase of negative e-WOM. The systematic simulation can help us understand better the long-term effect of promotion and e-WOM on the operation of online stores. Finally, we gave some management suggestions for online stores’ sustainable operations.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Recommendations of Long-Term Strategies for Researchers Using Data Science Techniques

Computers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Gilberto Ayala-Bastidas ◽  
Hector G. Ceballos ◽  
Francisco J. Cantu-Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Process Mining ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
Scientific Content ◽  
Open Research ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

The impact of the strategies that researchers follow to publish or produce scientific content can have a long-term impact. Identifying which strategies are most influential in the future has been attracting increasing attention in the literature. In this study, we present a systematic review of recommendations of long-term strategies in research analytics and their implementation methodologies. The objective is to present an overview from 2002 to 2018 on the development of this topic, including trends, and addressed contexts. The central objective is to identify data-oriented approaches to learn long-term research strategies, especially in process mining. We followed a protocol for systematic reviews for the engineering area in a structured and respectful manner. The results show the need for studies that generate more specific recommendations based on data mining. This outcome leaves open research opportunities from two particular perspectives—applying methodologies involving process mining for the context of research analytics and the feasibility study on long-term strategies using data science techniques.

Terrorism and tourism in Israel

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 1343-1352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Karl ◽  
Gordon Winder ◽  
Alexander Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Time Lag ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Event Tourism ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Terrorist Event ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

While the relation between terrorism and tourism has been an important topic for tourism research, the questions whether terrorism affects tourism immediately and how long after a terrorism event tourism recovers are, as yet, not clearly answered. The aim of this article is to better understand the magnitude and temporal scale of the impact of terrorism on tourism. To this end, a research model differentiating between short-term and long-term effects of terrorism on tourism is developed and analyzed for the destination Israel using data on tourists from Germany. The results show both short-term and long-term impacts with a time lag between the terrorist event and the beginning of tourism decline of 1 or up to 6 months. An economic influence on the development of tourist arrivals was not detected, but seasonality plays an important role in the relationship between terrorism and tourism.

scholarly journals An analysis of factors influencing the development of Social enterprises in the Republic of Serbia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Maja Ivanović-Đukić ◽  
Marija Petrović-Ranđelović ◽  
Miljana Talić
Keyword(s):  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Macroeconomic Environment

The paper investigates the impact of different factors on the establishment and development of social enterprises (SPs). The aim of this paper is to identify the key stimulants and restrictions of development of SPs in the Republic of Serbia, and to propose measures, the application of which can increase their long-term sustainability. The paper is based on exploratory research using data covering 27 interviews with founders of social enterprises in the Republic of Serbia. By applying the methods of regression analysis, it was found that favorable financial resources (especially grants) are the key stimulants for the establishment of social enterprises, while the enthusiasm of managers of social enterprises has the greatest impact on their development. It was found also that legal regulations and the macroeconomic environment, as well as difficulties in accessing the market, are serious restrictions on the establishment of social enterprises, while lack of knowledge in the field of marketing and management limit the development of social enterprises in the Republic of Serbia.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE PROFITABILITY OF LARGE COMMERICAL BANKS IN THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 14(63) (2) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Fitim Deari ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Commerical Banks ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Profitability Ratios

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of the current Covid-19 pandemic on profitability ratios of large commercial banks in the Republic of North Macedonia. By using data over the period 2004 – 2020, ten profitability indicators are examined. These indicators are investigated by comparing their values before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Overall, the study reveals a preliminary evidence that large commercial banks are affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. So far, profitability of large banks has not changed significantly due to Covid-19 and they keep satisfactory profitability levels. However, this impact should be investigated furthermore in next studies because the current pandemic has long-term effects.

scholarly journals The impact of equitization on financial and operating performance of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in Vietnam: An approach using propensity score matching

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. First
Author(s):  
Nguyen Van Tan
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Operating Performance ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Average Treatment Effect ◽  
Operating Efficiency ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Industry Group ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines the impact of equitization on financial and operating performance of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in Vietnam. Previous related privatization theories have not explained whether there is an improvement in financial and operating performance of equitized SOEs compared to non-equitized SOEs or not. This study proposes to use with-without comparison method through the average treatment effect measuring the impact of equitization on financial and operating performance of SOEs. By using data of 114 SOEs equitized in the period from 2012 to 2014, the author finds that equitized SOEs can not improve profitability, operating efficiency, and output when considering non-equitized SOEs. There is also no evidence for a reduction in the number of employees of equitized SOEs after equitization. These findings are in contrast to previous studies in Vietnam, but there are similarities with the results of studies in China. This is because equitized SOEs in the early post-equitization period in Vietnam are still monitored by the Vietnamese government, as well as the equitized enterprises in the period 2012-2014 are mainly large-scale ones with slow change of operating objectives, monitoring mechanism and weak competitiveness after equitization. However, equitization can help equitized SOEs operate more efficiently than non–equitized SOEs when considering non-listing status or industry group. This research provides implications for the Vietnamese government to encourage non-equitized enterprises to participate in the equitization program actively. The research results also help investors to have appropriate long-term investment strategies in equitized SOEs. This paper also has some limitations for further research.

scholarly journals Short-Term Impact of Multi-Cropping on Some Soil Physical Properties and Respiration

Agronomy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Kęstutis Romaneckas ◽  
Jovita Balandaitė ◽  
Aušra Sinkevičienė ◽  
Rasa Kimbirauskienė ◽  
Algirdas Jasinskas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Cropping Intensity ◽  
Gas Concentration ◽  
Structural Composition ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Micro Structures ◽  
The Impact

Growing as much crop biomass as possible in the shortest possible time is the target for most bio-energy producers. However, according to the requirements of the Green Deal, the consumption of fertilizers and crop protection products will have to be significantly reduced between 2023 and 2027. In order to meet all the necessary conditions for the production of biomass, a stationary field experiment was carried out at the Experimental Station of Vytautas Magnus University, Lithuania, in 2020–2021. Multi-cultivations of maize, hemp and faba bean were investigated. The aim of this study was to ascertain the impact of multi-cropping intensity on soil structural composition, stability, penetration resistance and gas concentration–respiration. As expected, multi-cropping stabilized the gas concentration and emission from the soil and decreased the proportion of micro-structures in the top soil layers. However, the stability of the soil decreased in all the experimental plots. Gas concentration and respiration mainly depended on soil structural composition, temperature and moisture content. The results of the experiment suggest performing investigations at a long-term scale because the intensive variation of meteorological conditions had a higher impact on the soil properties than the multi-cropping systems.

scholarly journals The impact of large scale ionospheric structure on radio occultation retrievals

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 2525-2565 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Mannucci ◽  
C. O. Ao ◽  
X. Pi ◽  
B. A. Iijima
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Radio Occultation ◽  
Observation Strategy ◽  
Climatological Model ◽  
Ionospheric Data Assimilation ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Temperature Retrieval ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Retrieval Bias

Abstract. We study the impact of large-scale ionospheric structure on the accuracy of radio occultation (RO) retrievals of atmospheric parameters such as refractivity and temperature. We use a climatological model of the ionosphere as well as an ionospheric data assimilation model to compare quiet and geomagnetically disturbed conditions. The largest contributor to ionospheric bias is physical separation of the two GPS frequencies as the GPS signal traverses the ionosphere and atmosphere. We analyze this effect in detail using ray-tracing and a full geophysical retrieval system. During quiet conditions, our results are similar to previously published studies. The impact of a major ionospheric storm is analyzed using data from the 30 October 2003 "Halloween" superstorm period. The temperature retrieval bias under disturbed conditions varies from 1 K to 2 K between 20 and 32 km altitude, compared to 0.2–0.3 K during quiet conditions. These results suggest the need for ionospheric monitoring as part of an RO-based climate observation strategy. We find that even during quiet conditions, the magnitude of retrieval bias depends critically on ionospheric conditions, which may explain variations in previously published bias estimates that use a variety of assumptions regarding large scale ionospheric structure. We quantify the impact of spacecraft orbit altitude on the magnitude of bending angle error. Satellites in higher altitude orbits (≧700 km) tend to have lower biases due to the tendency of the residual bending to cancel between the top and bottomside ionosphere. We conclude with remarks on the implications of this study for long-term climate monitoring using RO.

The impact of long-term riskless asset on ensuring liquidity and preventing banking fragility

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Shahin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Sharing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Asset Portfolio ◽  
Illiquid Asset ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Gain Loss ◽  
Riskless Asset ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Liquidation Cost

PurposeThrough portfolio diversification, the author identifies the risk sharing deposit contract in a three-period model that maximizes the ex ante expected utility of depositors.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the author extends the study by Allen and Gale (1998) by adding a long-term riskless investment opportunity to the original portfolio of a short-term liquid asset and a long-term risky illiquid asset.FindingsUnlike Allen and Gale, there are no information-based bank runs in equilibrium. In addition, the model can improve consumers' welfare over the Allen and Gale model. The author also shows that the bank will choose to liquidate the cheaper investments, in terms of the gain-loss ratios for the two types of existing long-term assets, when there is liquidity shortage in some cases. Such a policy reduces the liquidation cost and enables the bank to meet the outstanding liability to depositors without large liquidation losses.Originality/valueThe author believe that the reader would be interested in this article because it is relevant to real world where depositors rush to withdraw their deposits from a bank if there is negative information about future prospect of the bank asset portfolio and bank investment. Economists and financial analysts need to determine the suitable mechanism to improve the stability of the bank and the depositor welfare.

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