scholarly journals Field assessment of precocious maturation in salmon parr using ultrasound imaging

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Nevoux ◽  
Frédéric Marchand ◽  
Guillaume Forget ◽  
Dominique Huteau ◽  
Julien Tremblay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Image Interpretation ◽  
Ultrasound Image ◽  
Portable Ultrasound ◽  
Field Assessment ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Salmon Parr ◽  
Diversity Of Life

AbstractSalmonids are characterized by a large diversity of life histories, but their study is often limited by the imperfect observation of the true state of an individual in the wild. Challenged by the need to reduce uncertainty of empirical data, recent development in medical imaging techniques offered new opportunities to assess precocious maturation in Atlantic salmon parr. Traditional phenotypic (external) examination and ultrasound (internal) examination were compared and recommendations on fish handling and ultrasound image interpretation are provided. By allowing to see the unseen, portable ultrasound imaging offers great opportunities for ecological studies in the wild, such as the assessment of individual sexual maturation.

scholarly journals Field assessment of precocious maturation in salmon parr using ultrasound imaging

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Nevoux ◽  
Frédéric Marchand ◽  
Guillaume Forget ◽  
Dominique Huteau ◽  
Julien Tremblay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Field Assessment ◽  
Salmon Parr

scholarly journals Comparison of the Effectiveness of Portable Ultrasound vs Portable X-Ray as Diagnostic Imaging of Knee Structures in Clinical Medicine

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Samira Abdul Wajid ◽  
Samith Ahmed ◽  
Vaugn Devera ◽  
Devin Dickerson ◽  
Austin Thompson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Knee Injuries ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Portable Ultrasound ◽  
X Ray

Background: Imaging techniques are providing physicians an opportunity to ensure more accurate diagnostics. While MRI and CT are the gold standard diagnostic tools, they are not utilized as primary diagnostic tools due to their size, immobility, and exposure to radiation. It is not always feasible or practical to wait for a technician in an emergency department to conduct these examinations. As technology continues to advance, diagnostic tools are becoming more portable. X-ray and ultrasound are utilized to diagnose, as well as exclude potential causes of illness. Our objective is to determine which diagnostic tool is more efficient in diagnosing patella/knee injuries. Methods: This systematic review aims to determine which diagnostic tool is more efficient at diagnosing injuries. By collecting and reviewing existing research to compare the limitations of injury detection, the accessibility and portability of both diagnostic machines, the safety in regards to radiation exposure to patient and physician, the reliability of the diagnoses, and the costs of each machine Results: Of the reviewed articles, 58% of the articles focusing on knee injuries indicated that ultrasound imaging is a superior diagnostic instrument due to its efficacy and accessibility. When comparing ultrasound to x-ray directly, it was shown that ultrasound is a more precise diagnostic tool. Conclusion: Ultrasound imaging is a more effective diagnostic tool than x-ray. It is better able to diagnose bone, soft tissue, and vessel injuries. It is a safer tool for both the patient and the physician because it uses sound rather than radiation to produce an image. It is also more accessible as advances in technology have made portable ultrasounds a protocol for quick assessments of injuries.

Telemedicine-guided point-of-care ultrasound can be feasible and effective in a life-threatening situation: The case of a field hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarso Accorsi ◽  
Karine De Amicis Lima ◽  
Alexandra Brigido ◽  
Deborah Belfort ◽  
Fabio Habrum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of Care ◽  
Image Interpretation ◽  
Acquisition Time ◽  
Point Of Care Ultrasound ◽  
Field Hospital ◽  
Portable Ultrasound ◽  
Local Staff ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Threatening Situation

BACKGROUND Lightweight portable ultrasound is widely available, especially in inaccessible geographical areas. It demonstrates effectiveness and diagnosis improvement even in field conditions but no precise information about protocols, acquisition time, image interpretation, and the relevance in changing medical conduct exists. The COVID-19 pandemic implied many severe cases and the rapid construction of field hospitals with massive general practitioner (GP) recruitment. OBJECTIVE This prospective and descriptive study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of telemedicine guidance using a standardized multi-organ sonographic assessment protocol in untrained GPs during a COVID-19 emergency in a field hospital. METHODS Eleven COVID-19 in-patients presenting life-threatening complications, attended by local staff who spontaneously requested on-time teleconsultation, were enrolled. All untrained doctors successfully positioned the transducer and obtained key images guided by a remote doctor via telemedicine, with remote interpretation of the findings. RESULTS Only four (36%) general practitioners obtained the appropriate key heart image on the left parasternal long axis window, and three (27%) had an image interpreted remotely on-time. The evaluation time ranged from seven to 42 minutes, with a mean of 22.7 + 12. CONCLUSIONS Telemedicine is effective in guiding GPs to perform portable ultrasound in life-threatening situations, showing effectiveness in conducting decisions.

scholarly journals Reverse Scan Conversion and Efficient Deep Learning Network Architecture for Ultrasound Imaging on a Mobile Device

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2629
Author(s):  
Kunkyu Lee ◽  
Min Kim ◽  
Changhyun Lim ◽  
Tai-Kyong Song
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Mobile Device ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Ultrasound Image ◽  
Training Dataset ◽  
Point Of Care Ultrasound ◽  
Reverse Scan ◽  
Scan Conversion

Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS), realized by recent developments in portable ultrasound imaging systems for prompt diagnosis and treatment, has become a major tool in accidents or emergencies. Concomitantly, the number of untrained/unskilled staff not familiar with the operation of the ultrasound system for diagnosis is increasing. By providing an imaging guide to assist clinical decisions and support diagnosis, the risk brought by inexperienced users can be managed. Recently, deep learning has been employed to guide users in ultrasound scanning and diagnosis. However, in a cloud-based ultrasonic artificial intelligence system, the use of POCUS is limited due to information security, network integrity, and significant energy consumption. To address this, we propose (1) a structure that simultaneously provides ultrasound imaging and a mobile device-based ultrasound image guide using deep learning, and (2) a reverse scan conversion (RSC) method for building an ultrasound training dataset to increase the accuracy of the deep learning model. Experimental results show that the proposed structure can achieve ultrasound imaging and deep learning simultaneously at a maximum rate of 42.9 frames per second, and that the RSC method improves the image classification accuracy by more than 3%.

P1 NOVEL ULTRASOUND IMAGING TECHNIQUES HELP CHARACTERIZE AND IDENTIFY THE VULNERABLE PLAQUE

2018 ◽  
Vol 114 (suppl_2) ◽  
pp. S2-S2
Author(s):  
F Al-mutairi ◽  
B Kanber ◽  
J Garrard ◽  
T C Hartshorne ◽  
T G Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Vulnerable Plaque ◽  
Imaging Techniques

scholarly journals The application of life history information to the conservation management of Chrysoritis butterflies (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) in South Africa

Koedoe ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.F. Terblanche ◽  
H. Van Hamburg
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Life History ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Conservation Management ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Wing Patterns ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
History Of ◽  
Voucher Specimens

Due to their intricate life histories and the unique wing patterns and colouring the butterflies of the genus Chrysoritis are of significant conservation and aesthetic value. Thisoverview probes into practical examples of butterfly life history research applicable to environmental management of this relatively well-known invertebrate group in South Africa. Despite the pioneer work on life histories of Chrysoritis in the past, more should be done to understand the life history of the butterflies in the wild, especially their natural host plants and the behaviour of adults and larvae. A system of voucher specimens of host plants should be introduced in South Africa. Although various host plant species in nature are used by the members of Chrysoritis, including the Chrysoritis chrysaor group, the choice of these in nature by each species is significant for conservation management and in the case of Chrysoritis aureus perhaps even as a specific characteristic.A revision of the ant genus Crematogaster will benefit the conservation management of Chrysoritis species since some of these ant species may consist of a number of specieswith much more restricted distributions than previously thought. Rigorous quantified tudies of population dynamics of Chrysoritis butterflies are absent and the introductionof such studies will benefit conservation management of these localised butterflies extensively.

scholarly journals Ultrasound imaging identifies life history variation in resident Cutthroat Trout

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0246365
Author(s):  
Kellie J. Carim ◽  
Scott Relyea ◽  
Craig Barfoot ◽  
Lisa A. Eby ◽  
John A. Kronenberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Reproductive Status ◽  
Lifetime Reproductive Success ◽  
Life History Variation ◽  
Westslope Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Isolated Populations

Human activities that fragment fish habitat have isolated inland salmonid populations. This isolation is associated with loss of migratory life histories and declines in population density and abundance. Isolated populations exhibiting only resident life histories may be more likely to persist if individuals can increase lifetime reproductive success by maturing at smaller sizes or earlier ages. Therefore, accurate estimates of age and size at maturity across resident salmonid populations would improve estimates of population viability. Commonly used methods for assessing maturity such as dissection, endoscopy and hormone analysis are invasive and may disturb vulnerable populations. Ultrasound imaging is a non-invasive method that has been used to measure reproductive status across fish taxa. However, little research has assessed the accuracy of ultrasound for determining maturation status of small-bodied fish, or reproductive potential early in a species’ reproductive cycle. To address these knowledge gaps, we tested whether ultrasound imaging could be used to identify maturing female Westslope Cutthroat Trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi). Our methods were accurate at identifying maturing females reared in a hatchery setting up to eight months prior to spawning, with error rates ≤ 4.0%; accuracy was greater for larger fish. We also imaged fish in a field setting to examine variation in the size of maturing females among six wild, resident populations of Westslope Cutthroat Trout in western Montana. The median size of maturing females varied significantly across populations. We observed oocyte development in females as small as 109 mm, which is smaller than previously documented for this species. Methods tested in this study will allow researchers and managers to collect information on reproductive status of small-bodied salmonids without disrupting fish during the breeding season. This information can help elucidate life history traits that promote persistence of isolated salmonid populations.

scholarly journals Ectothermic telomeres: it's time they came in from the cold

2018 ◽  
Vol 373 (1741) ◽  
pp. 20160449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mats Olsson ◽  
Erik Wapstra ◽  
Christopher Friesen
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Evolutionary Ecology ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Telomere Attrition ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Warm Environment ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
In The Wild

We review the evolutionary ecology and genetics of telomeres in taxa that cannot elevate their body temperature to a preferred level through metabolism but do so by basking or seeking out a warm environment. This group of organisms contains all living things on earth, apart from birds and mammals. One reason for our interest in this synthetic group is the argument that high, stable body temperature increases the risk of malignant tumours if long, telomerase-restored telomeres make cells ‘live forever’. If this holds true, ectotherms should have significantly lower cancer frequencies. We discuss to what degree there is support for this ‘anti-cancer’ hypothesis in the current literature. Importantly, we suggest that ectothermic taxa, with variation in somatic telomerase expression across tissue and taxa, may hold the key to understanding ongoing selection and evolution of telomerase dynamics in the wild. We further review endotherm-specific effects of growth on telomeres, effects of autotomy (‘tail dropping’) on telomere attrition, and costs of maintaining sexual displays measured in telomere attrition. Finally, we cover plant ectotherm telomeres and life histories in a separate ‘mini review’. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Understanding diversity in telomere dynamics'.

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