scholarly journals Development of Triazoles based on AZT and their Anti-Viral Activity Against HIV-1

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Alencar ◽  
Juliana Gonçalves ◽  
Sofia A. Cerqueira ◽  
Helena Soares ◽  
Ana Petronilho
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Model ◽  
Viral Activity ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Hiv1 Infection ◽  
Triazolium Salts

ABSTRACTWe report herein a set of 3’-azido-3’-deoxythymidine (AZT) derivatives based on triazoles and triazolium salts for HIV1 infection. Compounds were tested with □using HIV1 pre-exposure prophylaxis experimental model. All compounds were able to decrease infection and two of them were able to clear almost all the infection, suggesting that these drugs could play an important role in pre-exposure prophylaxis therapies.

scholarly journals Development of Triazoles and Triazolium Salts Based on AZT and Their Anti-Viral Activity against HIV-1

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (21) ◽  
pp. 6720
Author(s):  
Daniel Machado de Alencar ◽  
Juliana Gonçalves ◽  
Andreia Vieira ◽  
Sofia A. Cerqueira ◽  
Cruz Sebastião ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Click Chemistry ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Methyl Iodide ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Methyl Triflate ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Triazolium Salts

We report herein a set of 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine (AZT) derivatives based on triazoles and triazolium salts for HIV-1 infection. The compounds were synthesized via click chemistry with Cu(I) and Ru(II) catalysts. Triazolium salts were synthesized by reaction with methyl iodide or methyl triflate in good yields. The antiviral activity of the compounds was tested using two methodologies: In method one the activity was measured on infected cells; in method two a pre-exposure prophylaxis experimental model was employed. For method one the activity of the compounds was moderate, and in general the triazolium salts showed a decreased activity in relation to their triazole precursors. With method two the antiviral activity was higher. All compounds were able to decrease the infection, with two compounds able to clear almost all the infection, while a lower antiviral activity was noted for the triazolium salts. These results suggest that these drugs could play an important role in the development of pre-exposure prophylaxis therapies.

Primary HIV-1 infection in users of pre-exposure prophylaxis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Ambrosioni ◽  
Elisa Petit ◽  
Geoffroy Liegeon ◽  
Montserrat Laguno ◽  
José M Miró
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Improved PrEP Awareness and Use among Trans Women in San Francisco, California

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin C. Wilson ◽  
Christopher J. Hernandez ◽  
Susan Scheer ◽  
Dillon Trujillo ◽  
Sean Arayasirikul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Anal Intercourse ◽  
Receptive Anal Intercourse ◽  
The Past ◽  
National Hiv Behavioral Surveillance ◽  
Trans Women ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
Prep Awareness ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

AbstractTransgender women face a serious risk of HIV infection. Despite this, there is limited knowledge and use of Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). We measured the continuity of prevention across services in the PrEP cascade and correlates of PrEP use among trans women in San Francisco enrolled in the 2019/20 National HIV Behavioral Surveillance Study. Knowledge and use of PrEP among trans women in San Francisco increased in recent years; almost all (94.0%) had heard about PrEP, 64.7% had discussed PrEP with a healthcare provider, and 44.8% had taken PrEP in the past 12 months. PrEP use was associated with participation in a PrEP demonstration project (aOR = 31.44, p = 0.001) and condomless receptive anal intercourse (aOR = 3.63, p = 0.024). Injection drug use was negatively associated (aOR = 0.19, p = 0.014). Efforts are needed to combat the gender-based stigma and discrimination faced by trans women, which can result in avoidance and mistrust of the medical system.

scholarly journals Challenge of Naïve and Vaccinated Pigs with a Vaccine-Derived Recombinant Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus 1 Strain (Horsens Strain)

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 417
Author(s):  
Lise K. Kvisgaard ◽  
Lars E. Larsen ◽  
Charlotte S. Kristensen ◽  
Frédéric Paboeuf ◽  
Patricia Renson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Recombinant Strain ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Respiratory Syndrome Virus ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Highly Virulent

In July 2019, a vaccine-derived recombinant Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 1 strain (PRRSV-1) (Horsens strain) infected more than 40 Danish sow herds, resulting in severe losses. In the present study, the pathogenicity of the recombinant Horsens strain was assessed and compared to a reference PRRSV-1 strain using a well-characterized experimental model in young SPF pigs. Furthermore, the efficacies of three different PRRSV-1 MLV vaccines to protect pigs against challenge with the recombinant strain were assessed. Following challenge, the unvaccinated pigs challenged with the Horsens strain had significant increased viral load in serum compared to all other groups. No macroscopic changes were observed at necropsy, but tissue from the lungs and tonsils from almost all pigs were PRRSV-positive. The viral load in serum was lower in all vaccinated groups compared to the unvaccinated group challenged with the Horsens strain, and only small differences were seen among the vaccinated groups. The findings in the present study, combined with two other recent reports, indicate that this recombinant “Horsens” strain indeed is capable of inducing infection in growing pigs as well as in pregnant sows that is comparable to or even exceeding those induced by typical PRRSV-1, subtype 1 strains. However, absence of notable clinical signs and lack of significant macroscopic changes indicate that this strain is less virulent than previously characterized highly virulent PRRSV-1 strains.

Extended pre-exposure prophylaxis with lopinavir–ritonavir versus lamivudine to prevent HIV-1 transmission through breastfeeding up to 50 weeks in infants in Africa (ANRS 12174): a randomised controlled trial

The Lancet ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 387 (10018) ◽  
pp. 566-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Nagot ◽  
Chipepo Kankasa ◽  
James K Tumwine ◽  
Nicolas Meda ◽  
G Justus Hofmeyr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Hiv 1

Evaluating the extent of potential resistance to pre-exposure prophylaxis within the UK HIV-1-infectious population of men who have sex with men

HIV Medicine ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 309-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Dolling ◽  
AN Phillips ◽  
V Delpech ◽  
D Pillay ◽  
PA Cane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex With Men ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals HIV-1 self-testing to improve the efficiency of pre-exposure prophylaxis delivery: a randomized trial in Kenya

Trials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina F. Ortblad ◽  
John E. Kearney ◽  
Kenneth Mugwanya ◽  
Elizabeth M. Irungu ◽  
Jessica E. Haberer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Self Testing ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals A Prime-Boost Immunization Strategy with Vaccinia Virus Expressing Novel gp120 Envelope Glycoprotein from a CRF02_AG Isolate Elicits Cross-Clade Tier 2 HIV-1 Neutralizing Antibodies

Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Rita Calado ◽  
Joana Duarte ◽  
Pedro Borrego ◽  
José Maria Marcelino ◽  
Inês Bártolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Envelope Glycoproteins ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Tier 2 ◽  
Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Immunization Strategy ◽  
Vaccinia Viruses ◽  
Boost Immunization ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Hiv 1

Development of new immunogens eliciting broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) is a main priority for the HIV-1 vaccine field. Envelope glycoproteins from non-B-non-C HIV-1clades have not been fully explored as components of a vaccine. We produced Vaccinia viruses expressing a truncated version of gp120 (gp120t) from HIV-1 clades CRF02_AG, H, J, B, and C and examined their immunogenicity in mice and rabbits. Mice primed with the recombinant Vaccinia viruses and boosted with the homologous gp120t or C2V3C3 polypeptides developed antibodies that bind potently to homologous and heterologous envelope glycoproteins. Notably, a subset of mice immunized with the CRF02_AG-based envelope immunogens developed a cross-reactive neutralizing response against tier 2 HIV-1 Env-pseudoviruses and primary isolates. Rabbits vaccinated with the CRF02_AG-based envelope immunogens also generated potent binding antibodies, and one animal elicited antibodies that neutralized almost all (13 of 16, 81.3%) tier 2 HIV-1 isolates tested. Overall, the results suggest that the novel CRF02_AG-based envelope immunogens and prime-boost immunization strategy elicit the type of immune responses required for a preventive HIV-1 vaccine.

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