scholarly journals Interplay of primary bovine lymphocytes and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis shows distinctly different proteome changes and immune pathways in host-pathogen interaction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina J.H. Kleinwort ◽  
Stefanie M. Hauck ◽  
Roxane L. Degroote ◽  
Armin M. Scholz ◽  
Christina Hölzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp ◽  
Immune Phenotype ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis ◽  
Proteome Changes

AbstractMycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is a pathogen causing paratuberculosis in cattle and small ruminants. During the long asymptomatic subclinical stage, high numbers of MAP are excreted and can be transmitted to food, where they survive many of the standard techniques of food decontamination. If these MAP are harmful to the consumers is currently under debate. In general, there is a lack of information regarding interaction of the hosts immune system with MAP.In this study, we tested the interaction of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from cattle with MAP in their exoproteomes/secretomes. Because in other mycobacterial infections, the immune phenotype correlates with susceptibility, we additionally tested the interaction of MAP with recently detected immune deviant cows.In PBL, different biological pathways were enhanced in response to MAP dependent on the immune phenotype of the host. PBL of control cows activated members of cell activation and chemotaxis of leukocytes pathway as well as IL-12 mediated signaling. In contrast, in ID cows CNOT1 was detected as highly abundant protein, pointing to a different immune response, which could be favorable for MAP. Additionally, MAP reacted different to the hosts. Their exoproteomes differed in either GroEL1 or DnaK abundance, depending on the interacting immune response.These findings point to an interdependent, tightly regulated response of MAP and the immune system.

scholarly journals Peripheral blood bovine lymphocytes and MAP show distinctly different proteome changes and immune pathways in host-pathogen interaction

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e8130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina J.H. Kleinwort ◽  
Stefanie M. Hauck ◽  
Roxane L. Degroote ◽  
Armin M. Scholz ◽  
Christina Hölzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Immune Phenotype ◽  
Host Pathogen ◽  
Proteome Changes ◽  
Bovine Lymphocytes

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is a pathogen causing paratuberculosis in cattle and small ruminants. During the long asymptomatic subclinical stage, high numbers of MAP are excreted and can be transmitted to food for human consumption, where they survive many of the standard techniques of food decontamination. Whether MAP is a human pathogen is currently under debate. The aim of this study was a better understanding of the host-pathogen response by analyzing the interaction of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from cattle with MAP in their exoproteomes/secretomes to gain more information about the pathogenic mechanisms of MAP. Because in other mycobacterial infections, the immune phenotype correlates with susceptibility, we additionally tested the interaction of MAP with recently detected cattle with a different immune capacity referred as immune deviant (ID) cows. In PBL, different biological pathways were enhanced in response to MAP dependent on the immune phenotype of the host. PBL of control cows activated members of cell activation and chemotaxis of leukocytes pathway as well as IL-12 mediated signaling. In contrast, in ID cows CNOT1 was detected as highly abundant protein, pointing to a different immune response, which could be favorable for MAP. Additionally, MAP exoproteomes differed in either GroEL1 or DnaK abundance, depending on the interacting host immune response. These finding point to an interdependent, tightly regulated response of the bovine immune system to MAP and vise versa.

scholarly journals Isolation of Mycobacterium avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis in the Feces and Tissue of Small Ruminants Using a Non-Automated Liquid Culture Method

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Luigi De Grossi ◽  
Davide Santori ◽  
Antonino Barone ◽  
Silvia Abbruzzese ◽  
Matteo Ricchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp ◽  
Type I ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis

Paratuberculosis is a chronic disease of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis (MAP). Since isolation of MAP type I (S) is rarely reported in Italy, our research was aimed at isolating, by an inexpensive liquid culture manual method, this type of MAP isolates. At first, we used an ELISA to point out to serologically positive samples from five flocks. Secondly, we used a fecal direct IS900-qPCR on the ELISA positive samples, in order to detect shedder animals. Feces from IS900-qPCR positive samples were inoculated in solid and liquid culture media. IS900-qPCR was further used to test the growth of MAP isolates in liquid medium, which were further confirmed by f57-qPCR and submitted to typing by specific PCR in order to identify the MAP type. Twenty-eight samples (24 fecal and four tissutal samples) were processed by culture methods, resulting in the isolation of six type I MAP field isolates. Notably, no isolates were recovered by solid media, underlining the utility of this liquid method. Few data about this type of MAP are currently available in Italy, and further analyses should be carried out in order to study the origin and epidemiology of type I strains circulating in Italy.

A mucosal immune response induced by oral administration of heat-killed Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis exacerbates EAE

2021 ◽  
pp. 577477
Author(s):  
Cossu Davide ◽  
Yokoyama Kazumasa ◽  
Sakanishi Tamami ◽  
Kuwahara-Arai Kyoko ◽  
Momotani Eiichi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Mucosal Immune Response ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis

Culture phenotypes and molecular characterization of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates from small ruminants

2013 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Dimareli-Malli ◽  
K. Mazaraki ◽  
K. Stevenson ◽  
P. Tsakos ◽  
A. Zdragas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis

Characterization of the long-term immune response to vaccination against Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Danish dairy cows

2012 ◽  
Vol 145 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 316-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vibeke Thulstrup Thomsen ◽  
Søren Saxmose Nielsen ◽  
Aneesh Thakur ◽  
Gregers Jungersen
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis ◽  
Danish Dairy

Detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in cheeses from small ruminants in Tuscany

2016 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 195-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessia Galiero ◽  
Filippo Fratini ◽  
Antonia Mataragka ◽  
Barbara Turchi ◽  
Roberta Nuvoloni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis

scholarly journals Advances in Understanding of the Immune Response to Mycobacterial Pathogens and Vaccines through Use of Cattle and Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis as a Prototypic Mycobacterial Pathogen

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1085
Author(s):  
William C. Davis ◽  
Gaber S. Abdellrazeq ◽  
Asmaa H. Mahmoud ◽  
Kun-Taek Park ◽  
Mahmoud M. Elnaggar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Persistent Infection ◽  
Stringent Response ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp ◽  
Model Species ◽  
Domesticated Animals ◽  
Zoonotic Pathogens ◽  
Nomadic Pastoralists ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis

Lack of understanding of the immune response to mycobacterial pathogens has impeded progress in development of vaccines. Infection leads to development of an immune response that controls infection but is unable to eliminate the pathogen, resulting in a persistent infection. Although this puzzle remains to be solved, progress has been made using cattle as a model species to study the immune response to a prototypic mycobacterium, Mycobacterium a. paratuberculosis (Map). As chronicled in the review, incremental advances in characterizing the immune response to mycobacteria during the last 30 years with increases in information on the evolution of mycobacteria and relA, a gene regulating the stringent response, have brought us closer to an answer. We provide a brief overview of how mycobacterial pathogens were introduced into cattle during the transition of humankind to nomadic pastoralists who domesticated animals for food and farming. We summarize what is known about speciation of mycobacteria since the discovery of Mybacterium tuberculsis Mtb, M. bovis Mbv, and Map as zoonotic pathogens and discuss the challenges inherent in the development of vaccines to mycobacteria. We then describe how cattle were used to characterize the immune response to a prototypic mycobacterial pathogen and development of novel candidate vaccines.

Immune response and protective efficacy of live attenuated Salmonella vaccine expressing antigens of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis against challenge in mice

Vaccine ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 242-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhash Chandra ◽  
Syed M. Faisal ◽  
Jenn-Wei Chen ◽  
Tsai-Tzu Chen ◽  
Sean P. McDonough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis
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