scholarly journals Sex identification of ancient pinnipeds using the dog genome

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maiken Hemme Bro-Jørgensen ◽  
Xénia Keighley ◽  
Hans Ahlgren ◽  
Camilla Hjorth Scharff-Olsen ◽  
Aqqalu Rosing-Asvid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Reliability ◽  
Nuclear Genome ◽  
Sex Identification ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Female Representation ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Genetic Method ◽  
Pagophilus Groenlandicus ◽  
Contemporary Sample ◽  
Genetic Sex Identification

AbstractDetermining the male and female representation in zooarchaeological material from hunted animal species is essential, to fully investigate the effects and means of prehistoric hunting practices, and may further provide valuable biological information on past animal life-history, behaviour and demography. However, the fragmented nature of the zooarchaeological record and a lack of clear diagnostic skeletal markers, often prevents such inference. Here, we test the usability of the dog nuclear genome (CanFam3.1) for sex identification of pinnipeds. First, a contemporary sample set (n=72) of ringed seals (Pusa hispida), with known sex was used to test the genetic sex identification method. By quantifying the proportion of X chromosome reads, as the chrX/chr1 ratio, the ratios clustered in two clearly distinguishable sex groups. Of the 72 individuals, 69 were identified to the accurate sex, which proves a high reliability of the genetic method. Second, random down sampling of a subset of the ringed seal samples to different read number, suggests at least 5000 DNA sequence reads mapped to the reference genome as the lower limit for which this method is applicable. Finally, applying this standard, sex identification was successfully carried out on a broad set of ancient pinniped samples, including walruses (Odobenus rosmarus), grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) and harp seals (Pagophilus groenlandicus), which all showed clearly distinct male and female chrX/chr1 ratio groups.

Verification of an efficient genetic sex identification method in Portunus trituberculatus: Applied to study sex ratios in full-sib families

Aquaculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 736976
Author(s):  
Wen Zhang ◽  
Jianjian Lv ◽  
Xingbin Ti ◽  
Xiao Yan Zhao ◽  
Ling Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Sex Identification ◽  
Portunus Trituberculatus ◽  
Identification Method ◽  
Genetic Sex Identification ◽  
Sib Families

A rapid and reliable method for genetic sex identification in sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus

Aquaculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 737021
Author(s):  
Jin-Liang Wei ◽  
Jing-Jing Cong ◽  
Zhi-Hui Sun ◽  
Jian Song ◽  
Chong Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Reliable Method ◽  
Apostichopus Japonicus ◽  
Sex Identification ◽  
Genetic Sex Identification

A rapid method for sex identification in Cannabis sativa using High Resolution Melt (HRM) analysis.

Botany ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Jacqueline Gilchrist ◽  
Daniela Hegebarth ◽  
Shumin Wang ◽  
Teagen D. Quilichini ◽  
Jason Sawler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Rapid Method ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Sex Identification ◽  
Male Plant ◽  
High Resolution Melt ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
High Resolution Melt Analysis ◽  
Plant Sex

We report the identification of two SNPs in Cannabis sativa that are associated with female and male plant sex phenotypes, and are located on the top arm of the X chromosome. High Resolution Melt analysis was used to develop and validate a novel, rapid method for sex identification in medical/recreational cannabis as well as in hemp. This method can distinguish between dioecious male (XY) and dioecious female (XX) cannabis plants with 100% accuracy, and can also be used to differentiate between male and female Humulus lupulus (hop) plants.

scholarly journals Reliability and Validity Measurement of Sagittal Lumbosacral Quiet Standing Posture with a Smartphone Application in a Mixed Population of 183 College Students and Personnel

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
George A. Koumantakis ◽  
Maria Nikoloudaki ◽  
Sara Thacheth ◽  
Kalliroi Zagli ◽  
Konstantina Bitrou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Sacral Slope ◽  
Lumbar Curve ◽  
Intrarater Reliability ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Spinal Posture

Accurate recording of spinal posture with simple and accessible measurement devices in clinical practice may lead to spinal loading optimization in occupations related to prolonged sitting and standing postures. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to establish the level of reliability of sagittal lumbosacral posture in quiet standing and the validity of the method in differentiating between male and female subjects, establishing in parallel a normative database. 183 participants (83 males and 100 females), with no current low back or pelvic pain, were assessed using the “iHandy Level” smartphone application. Intrarater reliability (3 same-day sequential measurements) was high for both the lumbar curve (ICC2,1: 0.96, SEM: 2.13°, andMDC95%: 5.9°) and the sacral slope (ICC2,1: 0.97, SEM: 1.61°, andMDC95%: 4.46°) sagittal alignment. Data analysis for each gender separately confirmed equally high reliability for both male and female participants. Correlation between lumbar curve and sacral slope was high (Pearson’sr=0.86,p<0.001). Between-gender comparisons confirmed the validity of the method to differentiate between male and female lumbar curve and sacral slope angles, with females generally demonstrating greater lumbosacral values (p<0.001). The “iHandy Level” application is a reliable and valid tool in the measurement of lumbosacral quiet standing spinal posture in the sagittal plane.

A new species of Stenomicra Coquillett (Diptera: Periscelididae) from the Brazilian Amazon and its life history

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4407 (4) ◽  
pp. 591
Author(s):  
ELIANE SOLAR GOMES ◽  
ROSALY ALE-ROCHA ◽  
RUTH LEILA FERREIRA KEPPLER
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The City ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Stenomicra is described for the Neotropical Region, from phytotelmata of Araceae at an urban forest fragment in the city of Manaus, state of Amazonas, Brazil. Morphological descriptions of the immatures and the adults (male and female) are provided, together with biological information on the life cycle of the species and its “host” plant. 

Genetic Sex Identification in Orangutans

2003 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Steiper ◽  
Maryellen Ruvolo
Keyword(s):  
Sex Identification ◽  
Genetic Sex Identification

The Rise and Fall of Sexual Inequality

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Haviland
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Classic Period ◽  
Preferential Treatment ◽  
Female Representation ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Distinguishing Features

AbstractOne of the distinguishing features of Tikal is the lack of female representation in both the monumental art and hieroglyphic inscriptions known from the archaeological site. This paper presents the results of a study of 208 burials from Tikal conducted to investigate this apparent androcentric focus. Burials were studied in terms of tomb location and construction, the nature of accompanying grave goods, body alteration, and cause of death. Marked differences were noted between male and female interments, with males receiving preferential treatment, particularly in terms of tomb location and construction as well as the quantity and quality of associated mortuary objects found with the burials. The level of inequality between the sexes varied through time and across social class, but was manifested most strongly among the elite. Beginning shortly after the rise in dynastic authority at Tikal, this androcentrism appears to relate closely to the development of the centralized state. Sexual inequality may have been less pronounced at smaller, less politically centralized Maya centers. Comparative studies using mortuary data from these smaller sites are required to expand our knowledge of gender relations among the Classic-period Maya.

Review of the genus Argyresthia Hübner, [1825] (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutoidea: Argyresthiidae) from China, with descriptions of forty-three new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4292 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
TENGTENG LIU ◽  
SHUXIA WANG ◽  
HOUHUN LI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Chlorella Sp ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
Total Species

The Chinese fauna of Argyresthia Hübner, [1825] included by 14 described species prior to this study. In the present paper we describe 43 new species and record seven species new to China. We also recognized six known Chinese species based on the available specimens; eight species previously reported for the fauna, but without available specimens for examination, are systematically placed in their relevant positions. The total species number of Argyresthia in China is brought to 64. The new species include: A. (Blastotere) aureola, sp. nov., A. (B.) sporadolepis, sp. nov., A. (B.) cineretra, sp. nov., A. (B.) affinicineretra, sp. nov., A. (B.) albaureola, sp. nov., A. (B.) densa, sp. nov., A. (B.) punctireticulata, sp. nov., A. (B.) dolichocoremata, sp. nov., A. (B.) longipenella, sp. nov., A. (Argyresthia) biloba, sp. nov., A. (A.) minutilepidota, sp. nov., A. (A.) flavifusca, sp. nov., A. (A.) trigonophylla, sp. nov., A. (A.) chiotorna, sp. nov., A. (A.) hirsuta, sp. nov., A. (A.) papillata, sp. nov., A. (A.) acuminata, sp. nov., A. (A.) curvativa, sp. nov., A. (A.) atomata, sp. nov., A. (A.) orthocera, sp. nov., A. (A.) cardiopetala, sp. nov., A. (A.) mala, sp. nov., A. (A.) longa, sp. nov., A. (A.) decurtata, sp. nov., A. (A.) minutisocia, sp. nov., A. (A.) scalprata, sp. nov., A. (A.) grammosacca, sp. nov., A. (A.) campylotropa, sp. nov., A. (A.) punctuata, sp. nov., A. (A.) chlorella, sp. nov., A. (A.) triangulata, sp. nov., A. (A.) subzonata, sp. nov., A. (A.) basistriata, sp. nov., A. (A.) longalbella, sp. nov., A. (A.) umbrina, sp. nov., A. (A.) umbrinistrigata, sp. nov., A. (A.) surrecta, sp. nov., A. (A.) lanosa, sp. nov., A. (A.) lata, sp. nov., A. (A.) cuprea, sp. nov., A. (A.) aurilata, sp. nov., A. (A.) convexa, sp. nov., and A. (A.) ellipsoidea, sp. nov.        The newly record species include: A. (A.) pygmaeella ([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775), A. (A.) retinella Zeller, 1839, A. (A.) angusta Moriuti, 1969, A. (A.) alpha Friese & Moriuti, 1968, A. (A.) beta Friese & Moriuti, 1968, A. (A.) kaoyaiensis Moriuti, 1982, and A. (A.) dislocata Meyrick, 1914. The male of A. (A.) trochaula Meyrick, 1938, and the male and female genitalia of A. (A.) aphoristis Meyrick, 1938 and A. (A.) dislocata are described for the first time. The misidentified species A. (A.) assimilis Moriuti, 1977 in China is described as A. (A.) mala, sp. nov. Argyresthia cryptomeriae Yang, nomen non rite publicatum, is validated as Argyresthia anthocephala Meyrick, 1936. Keys to the subgenera and to the Chinese species with available specimens are provided.        Photos of adults and male and female genitalia are provided for all the examined species except two from Taiwan. Field photographs and biological information are provided where available. Five DNA barcode sequences of the two new species, A. (A.) surrecta, sp. nov. and A. (A.) lanosa, sp. nov., are provided for association of the sexes. 

scholarly journals Perbedaan Ukuran Gigi Molar Pertama Maksila dan Kaninus Mandibula Permanen Antara Mahasiswa Laki-laki dan Perempuan di FKG Universitas Jember

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 358
Author(s):  
Najla Irhamni Phasa ◽  
Dwi Kartika Apriyono ◽  
Masniari Novita
Keyword(s):  
Female Student ◽  
Sex Identification ◽  
T Test ◽  
Tooth Size ◽  
Mass Disaster ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Digital Caliper

Mass disaster often happened in Indonesia. Sex identification is one of the important things for determining the identity of the victims. Sex can be identified based on the size of the teeth.  The study determine the differences of maxillary first molar and mandibular caninus tooth size between male and female student in Faculty of Dentistry University of Jember. The sample of this study consisted of 34 tooth models of female and 6 tooth models of male that measured in mesiodistal and bucolingual width of maxillary first molar and mandibular caninus with a digital caliper. Data were analyzed using Independent T-test. There were significant differences (p ≤ 0,05) of maxillary first molar and mandibular caninus size between male and female. Mesiodistal and bucolingual width of maxillary first molar respectively are 10.64 mm, 11.90 mm in males, and 10.16 mm, 11.16 mm in females. The mesiodistal and bucolingual width of mandibular caninus are 7.13 mm, 7.85 mm in males, and 6.66 mm, 7.08 mm in females. It can be concluded that there was a difference in size of maxillary first molar and mandibular caninus between male and female. Keywords: sex identification, masiodistal width, bucolingual width, maxillary first molar, mandibular caninus

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