scholarly journals Design of a small-scale and failure-resistant IaaS cloud using OpenStack

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Heuchert ◽  
Bhaskar Prasad Rimal ◽  
Martin Reisslein ◽  
Yong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Public Cloud ◽  
Cloud Platform ◽  
Private Cloud ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Platform As A Service ◽  
Data Control

PurposeMajor public cloud providers, such as AWS, Azure or Google, offer seamless experiences for infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS) and software as a service (SaaS). With the emergence of the public cloud's vast usage, administrators must be able to have a reliable method to provide the seamless experience that a public cloud offers on a smaller scale, such as a private cloud. When a smaller deployment or a private cloud is needed, OpenStack can meet the goals without increasing cost or sacrificing data control.Design/methodology/approachTo demonstrate these enablement goals of resiliency and elasticity in IaaS and PaaS, the authors design a private distributed system cloud platform using OpenStack and its core services of Nova, Swift, Cinder, Neutron, Keystone, Horizon and Glance on a five-node deployment.FindingsThrough the demonstration of dynamically adding an IaaS node, pushing the deployment to its physical and logical limits, and eventually crashing the deployment, this paper shows how the PackStack utility facilitates the provisioning of an elastic and resilient OpenStack-based IaaS platform that can be used in production if the deployment is kept within designated boundaries.Originality/valueThe authors adopt the multinode-capable PackStack utility in favor of an all-in-one OpenStack build for a true demonstration of resiliency, elasticity and scalability in a small-scale IaaS. An all-in-one deployment is generally used for proof-of-concept deployments and is not easily scaled in production across multiple nodes. The authors demonstrate that combining PackStack with the multi-node design is suitable for smaller-scale production IaaS and PaaS deployments.

End-User-Driven Approach for Regulatory Compliance in the Public Cloud

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Jitendra Singh ◽  
Vikas Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
Business Groups ◽  
Regulatory Compliance ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Expert Advice ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Public Cloud ◽  
End User ◽  
The Public ◽  
Limited Budget

Regulatory compliance is equally binding on small and medium business groups. Owing to the small scale and limited budget, such SMBs are unable to seek expert advice. To adequately guard the SMBs in regulatory compliance, the present work proposed a third-party managed-end user-driven approach that renders the list of regulatory acts applicable in one's case according to the country of one's residence, services subscribed, and type of the operations to be carried out in subscribed cloud paradigm. The list of applicable regulatory acts are rendered at the subscriber's end only. In addition, the proposed method notifies the present state of compliance of under-considered cloud providers. Based on the recommendation received, the subscriber can proceed with his decision to subscribe or not to subscribe in the event if desired compliances do not exist. This technological assistance will eliminate the need to possess the required knowledge in regulatory acts or seeking advice from the regulatory expert.

scholarly journals Classroom collaborations

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 1376-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Public ◽  
Community Stakeholders ◽  
Development Agenda ◽  
Novel Approach

Purpose This study aims to explore co-learning classes, a novel approach to leveraging universities’ capacity to contribute to the local sustainable development agenda whilst enhancing students’ learning. These participatory classes were piloted within a UK university masters’ module focussed on action for sustainability. The classes sought to combine knowledge exchange, reflection and social network development by bringing together students and community stakeholders. Design/methodology/approach The classes were run as a series of five free events, each focussed on sustainability issues relevant for local practitioners. These were either regular timetabled sessions opened up to the public or additional on-campus public events. Attendance was either face-to-face or online. Evaluation was based upon participation data, written feedback and module leader’s post-event reflections. Findings The classes successfully secured participation from diverse community members, including local government staff, voluntary sector workers and interested individuals. Both students and community stakeholders valued the participatory format, linkages of theoretical and practical knowledge and diversity of attendees. Research limitations/implications Findings are based upon a small-scale pilot study. Further research using a wider range of contexts is required to enhance understanding of the co-learning approach. Practical implications This paper highlights some key practical issues to consider if employing co-learning approaches in other contexts, including using inclusive language, aligning with students’ motivations and choosing appropriate focal event topics. Originality/value Opening up participatory university classes for the public to attend as co-learners is a rarely used approach and has little coverage in academic literature. This small-scale study therefore has value by highlighting some of the potential impacts, strengths and limitations of this approach.

scholarly journals Melanin Produced by the Fast-Growing Marine Bacterium Vibrio natriegens through Heterologous Biosynthesis: Characterization and Application

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Wang ◽  
Tanya Tschirhart ◽  
Zachary Schultzhaus ◽  
Erin E. Kelly ◽  
Amy Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Marine Bacterium ◽  
Redox Activity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Tyrosinase Gene ◽  
Large Scale Production

ABSTRACT Melanin is a pigment produced by organisms throughout all domains of life. Due to its unique physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and biostability, there has been an increasing interest in the use of melanin for broad applications. In the vast majority of studies, melanin has been either chemically synthesized or isolated from animals, which has restricted its use to small-scale applications. Using bacteria as biocatalysts is a promising and economical alternative for the large-scale production of biomaterials. In this study, we engineered the marine bacterium Vibrio natriegens, one of the fastest-growing organisms, to synthesize melanin by expressing a heterologous tyrosinase gene and demonstrated that melanin production was much faster than in previously reported heterologous systems. The melanin of V. natriegens was characterized as a polymer derived from dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA) and, similarly to synthetic melanin, exhibited several characteristic and useful features. Electron microscopy analysis demonstrated that melanin produced from V. natriegens formed nanoparticles that were assembled as “melanin ghost” structures, and the photoprotective properties of these particles were validated by their protection of cells from UV irradiation. Using a novel electrochemical reverse engineering method, we observed that melanization conferred redox activity to V. natriegens. Moreover, melanized bacteria were able to quickly adsorb the organic compound trinitrotoluene (TNT). Overall, the genetic tractability, rapid division time, and ease of culture provide a set of attractive properties that compare favorably to current E. coli production strains and warrant the further development of this chassis as a microbial factory for natural product biosynthesis. IMPORTANCE Melanins are macromolecules that are ubiquitous in nature and impart a large variety of biological functions, including structure, coloration, radiation resistance, free radical scavenging, and thermoregulation. Currently, in the majority of investigations, melanins are either chemically synthesized or extracted from animals, which presents significant challenges for large-scale production. Bacteria have been used as biocatalysts to synthesize a variety of biomaterials due to their fast growth and amenability to genetic engineering using synthetic biology tools. In this study, we engineered the extremely fast-growing bacterium V. natriegens to synthesize melanin nanoparticles by expressing a heterologous tyrosinase gene with inducible promoters. Characterization of the melanin produced from V. natriegens-produced tyrosinase revealed that it exhibited physical and chemical properties similar to those of natural and chemically synthesized melanins, including nanoparticle structure, protection against UV damage, and adsorption of toxic compounds. We anticipate that producing and controlling melanin structures at the nanoscale in this bacterial system with synthetic biology tools will enable the design and rapid production of novel biomaterials for multiple applications.

Additive manufacturing in the wood-furniture sector

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Murmura ◽  
Laura Bravi
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Wood Furniture ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

Purpose In the world economy there is the emergence of advanced manufacturing technologies that are enabling more cost and resource-efficient small-scale production. Among them, additive manufacturing, commonly known as 3D printing, is leading companies to rethink where and how they conduct their manufacturing activities. The purpose of this paper is to focus in the Italian wood-furniture industry to understand if the companies in this sector are investing in additive manufacturing techniques, to remain competitive in their reference markets. The research also attempts to investigate the potential sustainable benefits and limitations to the implementation of 3D printing in this specific sector, considering the companies that have already implemented this technology. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected using a structured questionnaire survey performed on a sample of 234 Italian companies in this sector; 76 companies claimed to use 3D printing in their production system. The questionnaire was distributed via computer-assisted web interviewing and it consisted of four sections. Findings The research has highlighted how Italian 3D companies have a specific profile; they are companies aimed at innovating through the search for new products and product features, putting design and Made in Italy in the first place. They pay high attention to the image they communicate to the market and are highly oriented to the final customer, and to the satisfaction of its needs. Originality/value The study is attempting to expand a recent and unexplored research line on the possible advantages and disadvantages of the implementation of emerging production technologies such as 3D printing.

Hybrid Data Security Model for Cloud

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
Sandeep K. Sood
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
User Authentication ◽  
Security Analysis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cloud Security ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Security Model ◽  
Public Cloud ◽  
Private Cloud ◽  
The Public

Security of data is one of the main concern in the implementation of cloud computing. This paper proposes a highly effective and efficient cloud security model. The proposed security model keeps the most critical data on the private cloud and the rest of it on the public cloud. It uses hash codes to check the integrity of the data at the public cloud. The proposed cloud security model provides the provision of defining user roles thereby determining the type of access the user exercises on the data. This model uses dual verification mechanism for user authentication by using username and password on one layer and key authentication on another layer. A cryptographic process is used to make the overall security of the data on the cloud highly robust. A comprehensive security analysis of the model is done against various types of attacks and the results are very promising. This model is compared to various existing cloud security models and the results shows that our technique is faster, much more robust and efficient as compared to other existing models. This model is cost effective because it uses private cloud only for highly sensitive data. Rest of data is stored on the public cloud, where data storage cost is comparatively very less.

Financing village enterprises in rural Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vange Mariet Ocasio
Keyword(s):  
Economic Outcomes ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Enterprise Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Enterprise Growth ◽  
Rural Bangladesh ◽  
Credit Program

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the factors that determine non-farm enterprise revenue and to empirically test the association between access to credit, credit source and firm performance among poor entrepreneurs in rural Bangladesh. Design/methodology/approach Using a Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies and World Bank survey from over 1,700 households in rural Bangladesh, a panel data model is used to control for unobserved heterogeneity among households and explore the determinants of non-farm revenue. Findings The findings suggest that village infrastructure and household labor assets have a positive impact on enterprise development. The findings reveal that the use of rural credit as a production input is important in augmenting revenue for the non-farm enterprise, but there are differential effects by credit source. Research limitations/implications Because the study uses data from a quasi-experimental survey design, unobserved effects that can bias the results must be controlled for. Also, as credit program impacts can be location-specific, caution in generalizing the results of this study must be exercised. Practical implications This study provides evidence on the positive effects of microcredit, family assets and family social capital on economic outcomes and microenterprise growth for poor entrepreneurial households. If enterprise growth is important for development, greater understanding of the determinants of microenterprise performance and the role of credit in the success of microfirms is beneficial for policymakers and the institutions that finance small-scale production. Social implications If it is agreed that entrepreneurship is important in promoting development, self-sufficiency and positive economic outcomes (Yunus, 2007), then credit program design should focus on both the credit needs of the poor and the dynamics inherent in enterprise development for this group of entrepreneurs. Originality/value This paper expands the limited literature on the determinants of microenterprise growth and the role of credit in microenterprise development by tracing a positive link between village infrastructure, family demographics and access to credit. The identification of the factors that determine non-farm enterprise revenue is important for policymakers because enterprise growth is perceived as essential for economic development.

scholarly journals An optimization approach to capacity evaluation and investment decision of hybrid cloud: a corporate customer’s perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
In Lee
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Optimal Investment ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Hybrid Cloud ◽  
Public Cloud ◽  
Private Cloud ◽  
Penalty Cost ◽  
Require Time ◽  
The Public

Abstract While the rapid growth of cloud computing is driven by the surge of big data, the Internet of Things, and social media applications, an evaluation and investment decision for cloud computing has been challenging for corporate managers due to a lack of proper decision models. This paper attempts to identify critical variables for making a cloud capacity decision from a corporate customer’s perspective and develops a base mathematical model to aid in a hybrid cloud investment decision under probabilistic computing demands. The identification of the critical variables provides a means by which a corporate customer can effectively evaluate various cloud capacity investment opportunities. Critical variables included in this model are an actual computing demand, the amount of private cloud capacity purchased, the purchase cost of the private cloud capacity, the price of the public cloud, and the default downtime loss/penalty cost. Extending the base model developed, this paper also takes into consideration the interoperability cost incurred in cloud bursting to the public cloud and derives the optimal investment. The interoperable cloud systems require time and investment by the users and/or cloud providers and there exists a diminishing return on the investment. Hence, the relationship between the interoperable cloud investment and return on investment is also investigated.

Framework Based on Benefits Management and Enterprise Architecture

2014 ◽  
pp. 289-309
Author(s):  
António Rodrigues ◽  
Henrique O’Neill
Keyword(s):  
Enterprise Architecture ◽  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Public Cloud ◽  
It Infrastructure ◽  
Private Cloud ◽  
It Investment ◽  
Strategic Investment ◽  
The Public ◽  
International Bank

In 2010, a framework aiming to address strategic investment decisions on IT infrastructure was developed. It was based in Benefits Management principles and Enterprise Architecture concepts, being inspired by the emerging public cloud technological trend. Meanwhile, the public cloud concept did not materialise at the expected pace and other alternatives have emerged in the market, in particular the private cloud-based solutions. This fact required the framework to be updated to cope with the business and technological requirements of the private cloud concept. A new version of the framework has been developed and was used to help managers to address IT investment decisions on private cloud in an international bank.

Systems, Services, Solutions of the Public Cloud

2021 ◽  
pp. 644-652
Author(s):  
Eduardo Correia
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Change ◽  
Software As A Service ◽  
Hybrid Cloud ◽  
Public Cloud ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
The Public ◽  
Platform As A Service ◽  
Business Requirements ◽  
Average User ◽  
Community Cloud

With the public cloud, organizations have access to an extensive, diverse range of new and emerging technologies as well as well-established ones. Their support staff may combine these technologies in a number of novel ways to form solutions that do more and cost less while meeting the business requirements of organizations. The public cloud bewilders, even confuses the average user, as it is an area of increasing technical complexity that is undergoing rapid change in terms of both a diversification of available services and the growth in underlying contingent technologies. This chapter discusses the public cloud in terms of the three basic service models of infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), and software as a service (SaaS) and then discusses the public cloud in the context of the four deployment models of private cloud, public cloud, hybrid cloud, and community cloud. It concludes with the risks and challenges associated with security and the need of organizations to make use of of multiple public cloud providers.

Query processing over secure perturbed data over hybrid cloud

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sridhar Reddy Vulapula ◽  
Srinivas Malladi
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Hybrid Cloud ◽  
Public Cloud ◽  
Private Cloud ◽  
Sensitive Data ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hybrid Clouds ◽  
Efficient Retrieval ◽  
Private And Public

PurposeHybrid cloud composing of public and private cloud is seen as a solution for storage of health care data characterized by many private and sensitive data. In many hybrid cloud-based solutions, the data are perturbed and kept in public cloud, and the perturbation credentials are kept in private cloud.Design/methodology/approachHybrid cloud is a model combing private and public cloud. Security for the data is enforced using this distribution in hybrid clouds. However, these mechanisms are not efficient for range query and retrieval of data from cloud. In this work, a secure and efficient retrieval solution combining K-mean clustering, geometric perturbation and R-Tree indexing is proposed for hybrid clouds.FindingsCompared to existing solution, the proposed indexing on perturbed data is able to achieve 33% reduced retrieval time. The security of indexes as measured using variance of differences was 66% more than existing solutions.Originality/valueThis study is an attempt for efficient retrieval of data with range queries using R-Tree indexing approach.

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