A validation of the performance management scale

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 1253-1267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khahan Na-nan ◽  
Kanokporn Chaiprasit ◽  
Peerapong Pukkeeree
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Performance Management ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Evaluation Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Performance Review ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Fit Index

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a performance management (PM) scale questionnaire that encompasses the pre-requisite, performance planning, performance evaluation, performance review, and performance application dimensions of PM. Design/methodology/approach In the study, the 33 questionnaire questions were first validated using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and then by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) along the three performance dimensions. The research sample consists of 330 entrepreneurs. The factor analysis results confirm the validity of the questionnaire as a reliable entrepreneur PM evaluation tool, as evidenced by the composite reliability of 0.845 and the average variance extracted of 0.532. Findings All constructs revealed the acceptable internal consistency reliability. A good model fit was found for the measurement model using several fit index like χ2=449.983, degree of freedom=415, p-value (p)=0.114, goodness of fit index=0.927, adjusted goodness of fit index=0.901, root mean square error of approximation=0.016, and root of mean square residuals=0.032. Research limitations/implications The PM model was examined using EFA and CFA only. A sample with only SMEs entrepreneurs and large sample size and sample area can be used in future research. Practical implications This research paper is an endeavor to explore only the reliability and validity of the PM model. Thus all the five dimension, namely “pre-requisite” “performance planning,” “performance evaluation,” “performance review,” and “performance application” proved out of be reliable and validated when it will be tested in case of SMEs’ high-growth sectors and high-impact sectors. Originality/value The main contribution of this research is that all factors have a good fit and acceptable reliability value; each factor can be measured individually depending on the nature of the research.

Factor analysis-validated comprehensive employee job performance scale

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 2436-2449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khahan Na-Nan ◽  
Kanokporn Chaiprasit ◽  
Peerapong Pukkeeree
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Job Quality ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Average Variance ◽  
Fit Index

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop an employee job performance (EJP) scale questionnaire that encompasses the job time, job quality and job quantity dimensions of employee performance. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the questionnaire questions were first validated using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and then confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) along the three performance dimensions. The research samples were auto-parts assembly line workers. The factor analysis results confirmed the validity of the questionnaire as a reliable employee performance evaluation tool, as evidenced by the composite reliability (CR) and the average variance extracted (AVE). Findings The questionnaire questions identified three factors of EJP, namely, job time, job quality and job quantity, with 13 items. The factor analysis results confirmed the validity of the questionnaire as a reliable employee performance evaluation tool, as evidenced by a CR of 0.894 and AVE of 0.739, in addition to χ2=63.340, df=54, p=0.180, goodness of fit index=0.976, adjusted goodness of fit index=0.960, RMSEA=0.021 and root mean square residue=0.014. Research limitations/implications The EJP scale questionnaire was examined using only EFA and CFA. These scales are expected to help academics, researchers and practitioners test theories. Because of the features of the sample, the final results should be considered carefully. Practical implications Importantly, the factor analysis results suggest that the proposed EJP scale questionnaire can be applied to various industries and settings either as is or with minimal modifications. Originality/value The EJP questionnaire is novel and can serve as an excellent EJP tool to measure employees’ behavioral output. The questionnaire can provide empirical data on employee performance output based on the employee’s perspective.

The Self-Transcendence Scale

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gørill Haugan ◽  
Toril Rannestad ◽  
Helge Garåsen ◽  
Randi Hammervold ◽  
Geir Arild Espnes
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Self ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Self Transcendence ◽  
Fit Index

Purpose: Self-transcendence, the ability to expand personal boundaries in multiple ways, has been found to provide well-being. The purpose of this study was to examine the dimensionality of the Norwegian version of the Self-Transcendence Scale, which comprises 15 items. Background: Reed’s empirical nursing theory of self-transcendence provided the theoretical framework; self-transcendence includes an interpersonal, intrapersonal, transpersonal, and temporal dimension. Design: Cross-sectional data were obtained from a sample of 202 cognitively intact elderly patients in 44 Norwegian nursing homes. Results: Exploratory factor analysis revealed two and four internally consistent dimensions of self-transcendence, explaining 35.3% (two factors) and 50.7% (four factors) of the variance, respectively. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the hypothesized two- and four-factor models fitted better than the one-factor model (c x2, root mean square error of approximation, standardized root mean square residual, normed fit index, nonnormed fit index, comparative fit index, goodness-of-fit index, and adjusted goodness-of-fit index). Conclusions: The findings indicate self-transcendence as a multifactorial construct; at present, we conclude that the two-factor model might be the most accurate and reasonable measure of self-transcendence. Implications: This research generates insights in the application of the widely used Self-Transcendence Scale by investigating its psychometric properties by applying a confirmatory factor analysis. It also generates new research-questions on the associations between self-transcendence and well-being.

Performance management perception in Kenya

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nickson Hebert Odongo
Keyword(s):  
Performance Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Performance Standards ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Performance Review ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Government Workers

Purpose This paper aims to present an analysis of the perception of performance management practices and transformations by investigating what devolved governments of Kenya are doing and ought to do after which the approaches of performance and performance management are evaluated. Design/methodology/approach A descriptive assessment of five devolved governments of Kenya is carried out. This study covered 518 respondents across the above-sampled governments. Findings The outcomes demonstrated that there are guidelines established by the counties to measure the performance of workers where tested variables about setting performance standards and performance review information against their effect on performance improvement and performance measurement, respectively, are statistically significant, and therefore have a positive impact on the eventual performance of devolved governments. Practical implications The results support scholars, practitioners and social scientists in development studies for the planning and management of public organizations. The thought of factors that enhance or impede devolved government workers’ performance can be explored in future research. Originality/value The thought of performance management perception, especially in a developing country, is a theoretical milestone.

scholarly journals Development of a questionnaire assessing nursing staff’s knowledge, attitude, and practice on the prevention of the nosocomial infection in elderly patients: testing reliability and validity†

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-151
Author(s):  
Fu-Lin Cai ◽  
Xiu-Feng Chen ◽  
Yong-Xin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Fit Index ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Abstract Objective To develop a questionnaire assessing nursing staff’s knowledge, attitude, and practice on the prevention of the nosocomial infection in elderly patients and test its reliability and validity. Methods After the drafted questionnaire was developed, two rounds of Delphi survey were conducted by consulting experts to improve the questionnaire. Subsequently, 700 copies of the questionnaire were distributed to nursing staff to assess its reliability and validity. Results Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) identifies 3 aspects, namely knowledge, attitude, and practice, with a total of 38 items. The Cronbach’s α coefficients of the questionnaire and each of the aspects are 0.85, 0.80, 0.886, and 0.77 (>0.7), respectively. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of each of the aspects are c2/df = 3.99, 2.26, and 3.32; Goodness-of-fit index (GFI) = 0.91, 0.97, and 0.92; Root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.06, 0.04, and 0.05; Comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.91, 0.96, and 0.90. Conclusions Through this study, it can be ascertained whether the developed questionnaire enjoys sound reliability and validity in assessing nursing staff’s knowledge, attitude, and practice on preventing the nosocomial infection in elderly patients and thus has certain application value.

Measuring Investment Importance Perception in Equity Shares: A Scale for Individual Investors

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rakesh Krishnan ◽  
C. Ganesh
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Individual Investors ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Goodness Of Fit Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Root Mean Square Residual ◽  
Fit Index

This study focused on developing a scale for measuring Investment Importance Perception in Equity shares (IIPe) of individual investors. Item generation (from equity share investors) and content validity was performed (with expert panel) to gather the initial pool of items for the scale. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was used for item reduction and for establishing the dimensions of IIPe. Further, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used test the measurement validity. Parameters were estimated with maximum likelihood (ML) through the use of AMOS (version 16). The assumptions for multivariate normality were checked by looking into the skewness and kurtosis value of the individual items of the scale. The chi-square goodness-of-fit test guided evaluation of model fit along with established fit indices such as goodness of fit index (GFI), comparative fit index (CFI), incremental fit index (IFI), standardized root mean square residual (SRMR), root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA) and Akaike Information Criterion (AIC).

Development and Validation of a Survey to Assess Patient-Perceived Medication Knowledge and Confidence in Medication Use

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arinze Nkemdirim Okere ◽  
Colleen M. Renier ◽  
Jacqueline Morse
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Medication Knowledge ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Fit Index

Background and Purpose: The primary objective of this study is to establish the validity and reliability of a perceived medication knowledge and confidence survey instrument (Okere–Renier Survey). Methods: Two-stage psychometric analyses were conducted to assess reliability (Cronbach’s α >.70) of the associated knowledge scale. To evaluate the construct validity, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed. Results: Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) revealed three subscale measures and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) indicated an acceptable fit to the data (goodness-of-fit index [GFI = 0.962], adjusted goodness-of-fit index [AGFI = 0.919], root mean square residual [RMR = 0.065], root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.073). A high internal consistency with Cronbach’s α of .833 and .744 were observed in study Stages 1 and 2, respectively. Conclusions: The Okere–Renier Survey is a reliable instrument for predicting patient-perceived level of medication knowledge and confidence.

scholarly journals KONSTRUK KINERJA KEPALA SEKOLAH DASAR DI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samsul Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Root Mean Square Error ◽  
Mean Square Error ◽  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Fit Index

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui model konstruk dan struktural kinerja kepala sekolah. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberi sumbangan terhadap pengukuran kinerja kepala sekolah di masa yang akan datang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian expost facto dengan populasi guru dan kepala sekolah dasar di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Sampel sebanyak 1239 guru dan 208 kepala sekolah dasar dipilih secara acak. Data guru dan kepala sekolah dianalisis dengan Second-Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis (Second-Order CFA) secara terpisah dan divalidasi silang dengan multi-sample CFA. Pengujian kecocokan model dilakukan menggunakan χ2 Satorra-Bentler dengan taraf signifikansi 5%, Comparative Goodness of Fit Index (CFI), dan Root Mean Square Error Approximation (RMSAE). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hal-hal sebagai berikut. 1) Kinerja kepala sekolah mempunyai dimensi kepemimpinan, manajemen, dan kepribadian. 2) Berdasarkan data kepala sekolah, koefisien jalur dari dimensi dan muatan faktor dari indikator yang ada dalam model cukup tinggi, bernilai positif, dan signifikan. 3) Hasil validasi silang model konstruk kinerja kepala sekolah menggunakan data guru dan data kepala sekolah menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan model. Kata kunci: model konstruk, persamaan pengukuran, persamaan struktural, kinerja kepala sekolah

scholarly journals An Improved Stress-Scale Specifically Designed to Measure Stress of Women with Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2346
Author(s):  
Tso-Ying Lee ◽  
Shih-Chun Hsing ◽  
Chin-Ching Li
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Fit Index

Most breast cancer patients are middle-aged women actively involved in establishing a family, developing a career, or raising children. With the exception of the Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer Stress Scale (NDBCSS), few stress scales have been designed for women with breast cancer. This study checked the dimensionality of the NDBCSS by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and the results showed a poor fit, indicating an urgent need for improvement. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using the varimax rotation method was performed to improve the model, the revised NDBCSS (NDBCSS-R), which showed a good Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value, Bartlett’s test of sphericity, and internal consistency reliability. The NDBCSS-R showed improved indices compared with NDBCSS, including: chi-square fit statistics/degree of freedom (CMIN/DF), goodness-of-fit index (GFI), adjusted goodness of fit index (AGFI), normed fix index (NFI), relative fit index (RFI), incremental fix index (IFI), Tucker–Lewis index (TLI), comparative fix index (CFI), root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), root mean square residual (RMR), parsimonious goodness-fit-index (PGFI), and parsimonious normed fit index (PNFI). In conclusion, the improved NDBCSS-R can provide health professionals with an early understanding of the stress levels of women with breast cancer so that they can provide immediate medical intervention to prevent vicious cycles in a timely manner.

Nurses quality of work life: scale development and validation

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanjundeswaraswamy TS
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Quality Of Work Life ◽  
Measuring Instrument ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Quality Of Work ◽  
Fit Index

PurposeThis is a systematically conducted study to design, develop and validate a measuring instrument to assess the nurses quality of work life (QWL) and determine the vital components of nurses' QWL.Design/methodology/approachIn this methodical study, vital dimensions of nurses QWL are identified using Pareto analysis; data and information were collected from 474 nurses through the structured questionnaire. By conducting exploratory factor analysis (EFA), the number of dimensions and items was reduced. Through the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using SPSS 21 software, nine predominant dimensions were confirmed, they are work environment, working condition, work–life balance, compensation, relationship and cooperation, stress at work, job satisfaction, career development and organization culture. Additional structural equation modeling (SEM) was done to determine the interrelationships between extracted nine components using AMOS. By performing different statistical tests like reliability test, content validity, construct validity, convergent, divergent validity and multicollinearity, the proposed nine-component nurses QWL instrument was validated.FindingsThe proposed measurement model explained 73.18% of total variance; reliability of the instrument Cronbach's alpha value is 0.902. Model fit indices like chi-square df (CMIN) = 685, df = 523, CMIN/DF = 1.310, goodness-of-fit index (GFI) = 0.965, adjusted goodness-of-fit index (AGFI) = 0.937, parsimony goodness-of-fit index (PGFI) = 0.918, incremental fir index (IFI) = 0.933, Tucker–Lewis index (TLI) = 0.921, comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.931 and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.036 fulfill the acceptable criteria. The nine factors nurses QWL measuring instrument is reliable and statistically valid.Research limitations/implicationsData were collected from 474 nurses, poor responses and time constraints.Practical implicationsHospitals are trying to improve the quality of patient caring by enhancing the nurses' skill sets, knowledge and attitude to meet global challenges. In this unstable business environment, hospitals face challenges like the high attrition rate and skilled nurses shortage. In this scenario, this study provides a valid instrument to measure the QWL of nurses to know the status of QWL, which will help to build a strategic plan to improve retention rate and to attract the talented workforce to the hospitals.Originality/valueAs a result, the scale developed in this study contributes to the body of the literature on nurses QWL. It seems to be more advantageous for carrying out further research in this field.

scholarly journals Analyzing Factors Attributing To Effectiveness of Performance Management System of a Manufacturing Industry

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Panda S. Panda ◽  
M. Waris M. Waris ◽  
K. Asadullah K. Asadullah ◽  
U. Mehfooz U. Mehfooz ◽  
A. Q. Adeleke
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Performance Management ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Management System ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Performance Management System ◽  
Employee Recognition ◽  
Performance Review ◽  
And Performance

Performance Management System (PMS) is considered as one of the vital aspects of Human Resource Management. PMS is the focus of study in this paper. The effectiveness of Performance Management System of a manufacturing company in Malaysia has been studied. And for this study, factor analysis is conducted. Different factors attributing to effectiveness of Performance Management System have been extracted and the study highlighted that Reward and Development, Continuous Communication and Departmental Development, Standard and Goal Setting, Developing HR Systems, Policy and Tool for Performance Management, Performance Measurement, Performance Linkage to Payment Decisions, Fairness for Employee Appraisal, Implementation and Employee Control, and Performance Review and Employee Recognition are the factors responsible for PMS Effectiveness. It has been suggested for taking developmental measures to enhance the existing Performance Management System contributing more for the benefits of organization and also for the betterment of the employees of the organization. Firstly, the importance of Performance Management System and the factors attributing to its effectiveness have been discussed in the introduction section. Secondly, relevant literature is being reviewed. It is followed by discussion about the methodology adopted in this study. Fourthly, results pertaining to this study and their analysis have been discussed in detail. Finally, concluding comments have been mentioned.

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