Spectrum management issues for heterogeneous networks in commons spectrum

Info ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Rob Nicholls
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Networks ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Spectrum Management ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Unlicensed Spectrum ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Broadband Services ◽  
Wireless Broadband ◽  
Mobile Network Operators

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse some of the spectrum management policy implications of an evolving set of wireless technologies. Specially, deployment of heterogeneous networks (HetNets) as part of the rollout of long-term evolution networks and their expected use as the heart of next-generation services raises the question as to whether such networks should lead to any spectrum management policy changes. Design/methodology/approach The paper describes the use and variety of HetNets when using licensed and unlicensed or commons spectrum. Findings The paper demonstrates that there is little need to change current spectrum licensing regimes to deal with these networks in a licensed spectrum. However, it also shows that the deployment of HetNets other than WiFi in an unlicensed spectrum creates an information asymmetry, which means that spectrum regulators will find assessment of spectrum demand more difficult. The paper also highlights the problem facing spectrum regulators when there is a potential for interference to unlicensed services which are widely deployed but have no right to protection from interference. Practical implications Spectrum regulators will need to understand the extent to which an unlicensed spectrum is being used by mobile network operators to deliver wireless broadband services. This understanding is needed to be able to address potential interference with other services using an unlicensed spectrum and to be able to forecast spectrum demand. Originality/value The development of technologies that are designed to be used by existing mobile network operators for the delivery of wireless broadband services using an unlicensed spectrum creates novel regulatory challenges. This paper reviews some of these.

scholarly journals Predicting mobile network operators users m-payment intention

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Choi-Meng Leong ◽  
Kim-Lim Tan ◽  
Chin-Hong Puah ◽  
Shyh-Ming Chong
Keyword(s):  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Mobile Payment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Payment Services ◽  
Mobile Network Operators

Purpose This study aims to investigate the intention of using mobile payment (m-payment) services in Sarawak, Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach A total of 194 online payment users were selected to respond to the structured questionnaire. The partial least squares-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyse the data by assessing the measurement and model. Findings Perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use mediated the relationship between perceived compatibility (PC) and the intention to use the mobile payment for mobile network operators’ services. Research limitations/implications The analysis provides insights that PC is considered as a significant determinant for mobile payment of mobile network operators’ services. Practical implications The operators can consider factors such as PC in the design of their mobile applications and the potential to expand the m-payment services to others e-wallet such as Sarawak e-wallet. The model possesses medium prediction power, which suggests that other variables such as perceived security and personal innovativeness also can be used to predict the usage behaviour of mobile payment for the mobile network services. Originality/value The present study contributes to the m-payment users’ behaviour intention literature by investigating the mobile-based predictors of using m-payment technology in an emerging digital economy state in Sarawak, Malaysia. This study also extends the knowledge of technology acceptance model by introducing the mediation effect of PU and ease of use between the mobile-based predictors and m-payment intention.

Mobile Payment Issues and Policy Implications

2011 ◽  
pp. 88-101
Author(s):  
Y. Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Mobile Payment ◽  
Mobile Payments ◽  
Korean Economy ◽  
Banking Service ◽  
Payment Instruments ◽  
The Government ◽  
Mobile Network Operators

This chapter introduces three mobile payment plans that have been launched in Korea: mobile banking service, mobile prepaid electronic cash service and mobile phone bill service. Based on the recent experiences of the Korean economy, this chapter discusses the regulatory and monetary policy issues associated with mobile payments. Mobile payments are superior to existing means of payments because of their efficiency and convenience and mobile network operators (MNOs) are on the verge of turning into non-bank financial institutions in their nature. The government needs to facilitate the crossbreed between banks and MNOs to accelerate the development of efficient payment instruments rather than hindering innovation in banking industry.

scholarly journals Using blockchain to build trusted LoRaWAN sharing server

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Lin ◽  
Zhiqi Shen ◽  
Chunyan Miao ◽  
Siyuan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Network ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Architecture Design ◽  
Network Coverage ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Private Network ◽  
Mobile Network Operators ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Purpose With the rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) market and requirement, low power wide area (LPWA) technologies have become popular. In various LPWA technologies, Narrow Band IoT (NB-IoT) and long range (LoRa) are two main leading competitive technologies. Compared with NB-IoT networks, which are mainly built and managed by mobile network operators, LoRa wide area networks (LoRaWAN) are mainly operated by private companies or organizations, which suggests two issues: trust of the private network operators and lack of network coverage. This study aims to propose a conceptual architecture design of a blockchain built-in solution for LoRaWAN network servers to solve these two issues for LoRaWAN IoT solution. Design/methodology/approach The study proposed modeling, model analysis and architecture design. Findings The proposed solution uses the blockchain technology to build an open, trusted, decentralized and tamper-proof system, which provides the indisputable mechanism to verify that the data of a transaction has existed at a specific time in the network. Originality/value To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that integrates blockchain technology and LoRaWAN IoT technology.

scholarly journals Inclusive education for inclusive economic participation: the financial access channel

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-503
Author(s):  
Simplice Asongu ◽  
Joseph Nnanna ◽  
Paul Acha-Anyi
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Female Employment ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Financial Access ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Access Channel ◽  
Economic Participation

Purpose The purpose of this study is to assess how inclusive education affects inclusive economic participation through the financial access channel. Design/methodology/approach The focus is on 42 sub-Saharan African countries with data for the period 2004-2014. The empirical evidence is based on the generalised method of moments. Findings The following findings are established. First, inclusive secondary education moderates financial access to exert a positive net effect on female labour force participation. Second, inclusive “primary and secondary school education” and inclusive tertiary education modulate financial access for a negative net effect on female unemployment. Third, inclusive secondary education and inclusive tertiary education both moderate financial access for an overall positive net effect on female employment. To provide more gender macroeconomic management policy options, inclusive education thresholds for complementary policies are provided and discussed. Originality/value Policy implications are discussed in the light of challenges of economic development in the sub-region and sustainable development goals.

Mobile Payment Issues and Policy Implications

2009 ◽  
pp. 1699-1712
Author(s):  
Youngsun Kwon ◽  
Changi Nam
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Mobile Payment ◽  
Mobile Payments ◽  
Korean Economy ◽  
Banking Service ◽  
Payment Instruments ◽  
The Government ◽  
Mobile Network Operators

This chapter introduces three mobile payment plans that have been launched in Korea: mobile banking service, mobile prepaid electronic cash service and mobile phone bill service. Based on the recent experiences of the Korean economy, this chapter discusses the regulatory and monetary policy issues associated with mobile payments. Mobile payments are superior to existing means of payments because of their efficiency and convenience and mobile network operators (MNOs) are on the verge of turning into non-bank financial institutions in their nature. The government needs to facilitate the crossbreed between banks and MNOs to accelerate the development of efficient payment instruments rather than hindering innovation in banking industry.

Trends and determinants of rural residential solid waste collection services in China

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 698-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiqin Wang ◽  
Yaojiang Shi ◽  
Qiufeng Gao ◽  
Chengfang Liu ◽  
Linxiu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Rural China ◽  
National Level ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Solid Waste Collection ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Residential Solid Waste

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe the trends in residential solid waste collection (RSWC) services in rural China over the past decade and analyze the determinants of these services using nationally representative data. Design/methodology/approach The authors draw on panel data from three rounds of village-level surveys of 101 villages. The three surveys were conducted in 2005, 2008, and 2012 in five provinces. The authors used fixed-effected regression approach to analyze the determinants of these services. Findings The results show that in the aftermath of increased investment and policy attention at the national level, the proportion of villages providing RSWC services in rural China increased significantly from 1998 to 2011. However, half of all villages in rural China still did not provide RSWC services as of 2011. Based on econometrics analysis, the authors show that villages that are richer, more populous, and villages with more small hamlets are more likely to provide RSWC services. Originality/value The analyses are based on primary survey data and the first to quantify trends in waste management services in the beginning of the twentieth century. The authors believe that the results will have significant policy implications for China in its continuing quest for better waste management policy.

scholarly journals The quality of service of the deployed LTE technology by mobile network operators in Abuja-Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 2191
Author(s):  
Anabi Hilary Kelechi ◽  
Uyi Aiyudubie Samson ◽  
Matthew Simeon ◽  
Okoyeigbo Obinna ◽  
Aligbe Alex ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Radio Link ◽  
System Quality ◽  
Regulatory Oversight ◽  
Quality Reporting ◽  
Wireless Broadband ◽  
Downlink Throughput ◽  
Mobile Network Operators

In this study, the real-world performance analysis of four Nigerian mobile network operators (MNOs), namely MTN, GLO, Airtel, and 9Mobile long-term evolution (LTE) cellular network, were analyzed and compared. The Nigerian MNOs utilize 5 MHz, 10 MH, and 20 MHz channel bandwidths based on third-generation partnership project’s (3 GPPs) recommendation. The presented analysis shows the uplink (UL), and downlink (DL) throughputs gaps in mobility condition as well as other LTE’s system quality of service (QoS) key performance indicators (KPI’s) of: Connection drop rate, connection failure rate, peak physical downlink throughput, minimum radio link control (RLC) downlink throughput threshold and latency are not strictly followed. The reason may be due to a lack of regulatory oversight enforcement. The comparative studies showed that MTN provides the best QoS. The introduction of novel LTE QoS metrics herein referred to as national independent wireless broadband quality reporting (NIWBQR) is the significant contribution of this study. The goal of this study is to show the quality of the network as it affects the user's experience. Important observation showed that all the MNOs are not adhering to the 3 GPPs specified user plane latency of 30 ms and control plane latency of 100 ms, respectively, which makes video streaming and low latency communication a near-impossible task.

Flexible Spectrum Management: Approaches for India

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo Basaure ◽  
Heikki Kokkinen ◽  
Heikki Hämmäinen ◽  
V. Sridhar
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Mobile Services ◽  
Radio Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Management ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Unlicensed Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Band ◽  
Management Policies ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Lock In

Radio spectrum for commercial mobile services continues to be scarce. Countries around the world have recognized the importance of efficient utilization of this scarce resource and have initiated regulatory and policy steps towards flexible approaches to spectrum management, including sharing of licensed spectrum, and releasing unlicensed spectrum for mobile services. Technologies for shared access and the associated standardization activities have also progressed towards possible large scale deployments. In this paper, we analyze the evolution of spectrum management policies using a causal model and indicate how the markets can lock in to either centralized or flexible approach. We also cite a use case of a flexible spectrum management approach using spectrum band fill option and indicate its suitability to the Indian context.

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