An exploratory analysis of the relations between the rate of physiological habituation, the acquired capability for suicide, and acute risk factors for suicide

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip N Smith ◽  
Caitlin Wolford-Clevenger ◽  
Candice N Selwyn ◽  
Erin Poindexter ◽  
William Lechner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Interpersonal Theory ◽  
Interpersonal Theory Of Suicide ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Acquired Capability ◽  
Suicide Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factors For Suicide

Purpose – The interpersonal theory of suicide proposes that an individual must acquire the capability for suicide to carry out a near-lethal or lethal suicide attempt. This capability develops via habituation in response to painful and provocative life events. Some individuals might be more vulnerable to developing the capability for suicide because they habituate more quickly to stimuli. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relations between the rate of physiological habituation and acquired capability, proxies for acquired capability, and acute risk factors for suicide. Design/methodology/approach – Depressed, suicidal individuals completed self-report assessments and a startle reflex task assessing the rate or speed of physiological habituation in response to repeated bursts of white noise. Findings – Slower habituation was associated with hopelessness and negative stressors. The rate of habituation was not associated with acquired capability. Originality/value – The current study informs the understanding of how physiological habituation is related to suicide risk factors.

Aging with Honor: Examining Ambivalent Ageism and Interpersonal Risk-Factors for Suicide as Explanations for the Honor-Suicide Link

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 721-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarrod E. Bock ◽  
Ryan P. Brown ◽  
Kevin Green
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
White Men ◽  
Interpersonal Theory ◽  
Interpersonal Theory Of Suicide ◽  
Older Adulthood ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Interpersonal Risk ◽  
Attitudes Toward Suicide ◽  
Risk Factors For Suicide

Introduction: Prior research has demonstrated that rates of suicide are greater in more honor-oriented regions of the U.S. (particularly among White men), and that this difference in suicide rates becomes greater as men enter older adulthood. Research into the honor-suicide link has suggested explanatory factors that coincide with the interpersonal theory of suicide, such as untreated depression, heightened risk-taking, and the use of firearms in suicide. Method: The present study exam-ined ambivalent ageism, permissive attitudes toward suicide, and interpersonal risk factors for suicide as explanations for the honor-suicide link among a sample of 201 American men in midlife and above. Results: After controlling for participant age and religiosity, participants with greater endorsement of honor ideology but lower levels of honor fulfillment expressed heightened levels of thwarted belongingness—an established interpersonal risk factor for suicide. Additionally, lower levels of honor fulfillment predicted greater anxiety about aging, greater perceived burdensomeness, and more positive implicit attitudes toward youth. Conversely, greater levels of honor fulfillment also predicted more positive attitudes toward older adults. Discussion: Our results extend previous research on the honor-suicide relationship by demonstrating the utility of integrating the inter-personal theory of suicide with research on cultures of honor.

Suicidality in the Deep South: risks for adolescent Mississippians

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Mandracchia ◽  
Yen To ◽  
Shauna Pichette
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Deep South ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Specific Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Inclusive Approach ◽  
History Of ◽  
Suicide Risk Factors

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to better understand suicidality among adolescent Mississippians. Design/methodology/approach – Mississippi-specific data were obtained from an existing national health data set and utilized for two hierarchal linear regressions. Findings – Highest risk for adolescent suicidality is for females with poor body image and a history of traumatic experiences. Research limitations/implications – This study demonstrates the need for further research into unique suicide risk factors for adolescents in Mississippi. Causality cannot be inferred due to the correlational nature of this study, and direct comparison of the findings to adolescents from other states cannot be made. Originality/value – This exploratory study employed a holistic, inclusive approach toward better identifying adolescent Mississippians most at-risk for suicidality; findings lead to future, targeted research efforts for better understanding specific suicide risk factors in this population.

scholarly journals Considering the impact of COVID-19 on suicide risk among individuals in prison and during reentry

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean M. Mitchell ◽  
Nikki L. La Rosa ◽  
Julianne Cary ◽  
Sarah Sparks
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Suicide Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper mains to bring attention to the potential impact COVID-19 could have on suicide risk among individuals who are incarcerated and those reentering the community after incarceration (i.e. reentry), with particular emphasis on the USA, as well as provide possible solutions to mitigate suicide risk. Design/methodology/approach This paper provides an overview of the association between the COVID-19 pandemic policies and suicide, the vulnerabilities specific to prisoners during the COVID-19 pandemic, relevant suicide risk factors among prisoners, the possible impact of COVID-19 on suicide risk during reentry and proposed solutions for moving forward to mitigate both risks for COVID-19 and suicide. Findings This paper highlights that prisoners and individuals reentering the community are particularly vulnerable to COVID-19 and suicide risk and COVID-19-related stressors may further exacerbate known suicide risk factors (e.g. psychiatric symptoms, lack of positive social ties, low feelings of belonging, feelings of burden, economic problems) and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. This paper also discusses barriers (e.g. lack of funds, access to health and mental health care, COVID-19 testing and personal protective equipment) to managing COVID-19 and suicide risk within prisons and during reentry. Originality/value This paper provides a review of scalable solutions that could mitigate the impact of COVID-19 and suicide risk during this pandemic among prisoners and those reentering the community, such as psychoeducation, self-help stress management, telehealth services, increased access and reduced cost of phone calls, reduced or eliminated cost of soap and sanitization supplies in prisons and early release programs.

Effects of Follow-Up Procedures on Adolescents' Self- Report of Suicide Risk Factors

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. King ◽  
R. M. Hill ◽  
H. A. Wynne ◽  
R. M. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Suicide Risk Factors

Relation Between Depression Symptoms and Suicide Risk in Adults and Older Adults: A Brief Report

2020 ◽  
pp. 073346482097084
Author(s):  
Ruifeng Cui ◽  
Amy Fiske
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
The United States ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Risk Factors For Suicide

Depression symptoms are key risk factors for suicide; however, older adults differ from younger adults in types of depression symptoms experienced and thus their risk factors for suicide. The present brief report investigated relations between different symptoms of depression and suicide risk and whether these relations are moderated by age. Participants were 944 community-dwelling adults ( N = 512, M = 39) and older adults ( N = 432, M = 66) from the United States recruited through Mechanical Turk. Participants completed self-report measures on depression symptoms and suicide risk. Age was found to moderate the relation between cognitive-affective and somatic symptoms and suicide risk. Younger age exacerbated the negative effects of these symptoms on suicide risk. The study is the first to investigate whether older adults differed from younger adults in the association between types of depression symptoms and suicide risk and found that the risk posed by cognitive-affective and somatic symptoms was greater for younger adults.

Relationship Satisfaction and Risk Factors for Suicide

Crisis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedikt Till ◽  
Ulrich S. Tran ◽  
Thomas Niederkrotenthaler
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relationship Conflicts ◽  
Suicide Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factors For Suicide

Abstract. Background: Previous studies suggest that troubled romantic relationships are associated with higher risk factors for mental health. However, studies examining the role of relationship satisfaction in suicide risk factors are scarce. Aims: We investigated differences in risk factors for suicide between individuals with high relationship satisfaction, individuals with low relationship satisfaction, and singles. Furthermore, we explored patterns of experiencing, and dealing with, conflicts in the relationship and examined associations with suicide risk factors. Method: In this cross-sectional study, we assessed relationship status, relationship satisfaction, specific types of relationship conflicts, and suicide risk factors (i.e., suicidal ideation, hopelessness, depression) with questionnaires among 382 individuals in Austria. Results: Risk factors for suicide were higher among singles than among individuals in happy relationships, but lower among those with low relationship satisfaction. Participants reporting a high number of unsolved conflicts in their relationship had higher levels of suicidal ideation, hopelessness, and depression than individuals who tend to solve issues with their partner amicably or report no conflicts. Conclusion: Relationship satisfaction and relationship conflicts reflect risk factors for suicide, with higher levels of suicidal ideation, hopelessness, and depression reported by individuals who mentioned unsolved conflicts with their partner and experienced low satisfaction with their relationship.

The Relation Between Illegal Risk Behaviors and the Acquired Capability for Suicide

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 368-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean M. Mitchell ◽  
Danielle R. Jahn ◽  
Kelly C. Cukrowicz
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Risk Behaviors ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Interpersonal Theory ◽  
Interpersonal Theory Of Suicide ◽  
Acquired Capability ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Partial Correlations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Explained Variance

Background: Suicide is the third leading cause of death among college students. The interpersonal theory of suicide may provide a way to conceptualize suicide risk in this population. Aims: We sought to examine relations between illegal behaviors that may act as risk factors for suicide and the acquired capability for suicide. Method: College students (N = 758) completed assessments of acquired capability and previous exposure to painful and provocative events, including illegal risk behaviors (IRBs). Linear regression, a nonparametric bootstrapping procedure, and two-tailed partial correlations were employed to test our hypotheses. Results: There was no significant relation between IRBs and acquired capability after controlling for legal painful and provocative experiences. A significant positive relation was identified between IRBs and fear/anxiety, contradicting the expected relation between increased painful and provocative experiences and lower fear/anxiety. Acquired capability explained variance in the relation between IRBs and history of suicide attempt or self-injury history. Conclusion: Further research is needed to examine links between IRBs and painful and provocative events, particularly to identify the point at which habituation begins to increase acquired capability, as our unexpected results may be due to a lack of habituation to risky behaviors or low variability of scores in the sample.

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