Impacts of the FoSHU (Food for Specified Health Uses) system on food evaluations in Japan

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 542-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto Ono ◽  
Akinori Ono
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Food Marketing ◽  
External Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Consumer Evaluation ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Usa ◽  
First Time

Purpose – This study aims to examine the various effects of two licensing factors – health claims and “FoSHU seal”, which can be appeared on packages only with permission. In the Food for specified health uses (FoSHU) system, Japanese Government controls all health claims on packages of food products for the first time in the world. Design/methodology/approach – In Study 1, the authors investigate the signaling effects of the two licensing factors with a 2 (health claims: yes/no) × 2 (FoSHU seal: yes/no) factorial design. Then, in Study 2, the authors investigate the external effects on alternative brands with a 2 (package of the non-FoSHU brand: similar/dissimilar to the FoSHU brand) × 2 (presentation of the FoSHU brand: yes/no) design. Findings – The results show that food evaluations are affected by the FoSHU seal, indicating that, with the symbolic mark, FoSHU foods can be successfully differentiated from non-FoSHU foods. In contrast, food evaluations are not affected by health claims – health claims have external effects on evaluations of non-FoSHU products in the category if both FoSHU and non-FOSHU products have a similar package. Originality/value – Although there are many studies regarding the impacts of health claims on food evaluations, they have assumed only US regulatory system and, therefore, have not examined the effects of licensing marks. Also, because Japanese approval system is dissimilar to US regulatory system, the effects of health claims in Japan are different from those in the USA. By analyzing various effects of Japanese system on consumer evaluation of food healthiness, this study contributes to a better understanding of the impacts of the public policy and food marketing on consumer behavior.

Large-cap vs small-cap portfolio performance: new empirical evidence from ETFs

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-94
Author(s):  
Gerasimos Rompotis
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Portfolio Performance ◽  
Exchange Traded Funds ◽  
Investment Strategies ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Risk Characteristics ◽  
The Usa ◽  
First Time ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeA well-documented pattern in the literature concerns the outperformance of small-cap stocks relative to their larger-cap counterparts. This paper aims to address the “small-cap versus large-cap” issue using for the first time data from the exchange traded funds (ETFs) industry.Design/methodology/approachSeveral raw return and risk-adjusted return metrics are estimated over the period 2012-2016.FindingsResults are partially supportive of the “size effect”. In particular, small-cap ETFs outperform large-cap ETFs in overall raw return terms even though they fail the risk test. However, outperformance is not consistent on an annual basis. When risk-adjusted returns are taken into consideration, small-cap ETFs are inferior to their large-cap counterparts.Research limitations/implicationsThis research only covers the ETF market in the USA. However, given the tremendous growth of ETF markets worldwide, a similar examination of the “small vs large capitalization” issue could be conducted with data from other developed ETF markets in Europe and Asia. In such a case, useful comparisons could be made, so that we could conclude whether the findings of the current study are unique and US-specific or whether they could be generalized across the several international ETF markets.Practical implicationsA possible generalization of the findings would entail that profitable investment strategies could be based on the different performance and risk characteristics of small- and large-cap ETFs.Originality/valueThis is the first study to examine the performance of ETFs investing in large-cap stock indicesvis-à-visthe performance of ETFs tracking indices comprised of small-cap stocks.

Georgia rural hospital authorities as “shadow governments”

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-112
Author(s):  
Mary Eleanor Rawlings Wickersham ◽  
Robert Yehl
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Private Interests ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Special District

Purpose The tenuous financial viability of many of Georgia’s rural hospitals has driven increased scrutiny of the hospital authorities (HAs) that own and govern them. HAs are a type of “special district” established in state law to allow for specialization of function, while evading statutes that can limit local government borrowing and multi-year contracts. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses a case example to introduce transparency and accountability in one local Georgia hospital and expands to include a descriptive analysis of transparency measures in 29 rural Georgia HAs. Findings Findings indicate that, like many other special districts in Georgia and the USA, Georgia’s rural HAs often act more like private entities than the public organizations they are. The lack of transparency demonstrated in this sector limits access to public information and reduces opportunities for citizen engagement, a necessary component of representative institutions. Research limitations/implications This case study is limited to Georgia HAs; however, the data support the lack of accountability and transparency found in many special district governments. Originality/value The lack of transparency in all of the organizations reviewed in this study demonstrates blurred lines between between public matters and private interests and raises questions of transparency, a key value in democracies.

Institutionalising the war against corruption: new approaches to assets tracing and recovery

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-230
Author(s):  
Ehi Eric Esoimeme
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Asset Recovery ◽  
Recovery Scheme ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Nigerian Government ◽  
The Uk

Purpose This paper aims to critically analyse the existing framework on assets tracing and recovery in Nigeria. It will thereafter provide analysis of the asset and recovery measures of advanced countries such as the USA and the UK. The results from the analysis will yield maximum insight and help the Nigerian Government to make better policies and laws on assets tracing and recovery. Design/methodology/approach This paper will rely on primary and secondary data drawn from the public domain. It will also rely on documentary research. Findings This paper determined that the Nigeria asset recovery scheme is likely to be more effective if Nigeria adopts the approach of the UK and the USA. Research limitations/implications This paper will suggest new ways for assets tracing and recovery. The suggested approaches/methods are being used in advanced countries such as the UK and the USA. Originality/value Previous research papers have extensively discussed the problems faced with assets tracing and recovery from a prohibitive and investigative standpoint. This paper will discuss the topic from a preventive standpoint with little focus on investigative mechanisms.

Cyberstalking: are we on the same (web)page? A comparison of statutes, case law, and public perception

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
David DeMatteo ◽  
Suraji Wagage ◽  
Jaymes Fairfax-Columbo
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
Case Law ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Web Page ◽  
Public Preference ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Demographic Questionnaire ◽  
The Usa

Purpose As society becomes more technology oriented, cyberstalking is becoming an increasing concern. The purpose of this paper is to compare US state and federal statutory and case law to a survey of public perception of cyberstalking to examine if cyberstalking laws reflect public opinion. Design/methodology/approach A national sample of 303 participants ranging in age from 18 to 69 years (M=33.35, SD=10.45) completed a novel cyberstalking survey and demographic questionnaire. The survey encompassed participants’ perceptions about the scope of cyberstalking as a crime, views on punishment of cyberstalking, and behaviors they have engaged in online or experienced from others that could constitute cyberstalking. Findings Findings indicated numerous areas of disagreement between public perception and statutory case law, such as a public preference that cyberstalking be treated as a separate offense from stalking, that a threat of violence is not required for behavior to constitute cyberstalking, and that there should be a private civil cause of action for cyberstalking. Findings also indicated that a substantial minority of participants had engaged in or been the victim of cyber actions that could be considered cyberstalking, and that the public preferred sanctions other than incarceration for cyberstalking. Originality/value This is the first study to examine whether cyberstalking policy in the USA reflects public perception of cyberstalking.

scholarly journals Dark sky tourism: economic impacts on the Colorado Plateau Economy, USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 930-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Mitchell ◽  
Terrel Gallaway
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Colorado Plateau ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Non Local ◽  
First Time ◽  
Natural Amenity

Purpose This paper aims to examine the economic impact from dark-sky tourism in national parks in the USA on the Colorado Plateau. The Colorado Plateau is a region encompassing parts of Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico and Utah that is known for its dark, star-filled night skies. Tourists in national parks are increasingly interested in observing this natural recreational amenity – especially considering that it is an ecological amenity that is quickly disappearing from the planet. Using a 10-year forecast of visitors to the national parks and using standard input-output modeling, it is observed that, for the first time anywhere, the value of dark skies to tourism in this area. The authors find that non-local tourists who value dark skies will spend $5.8bn over the next 10 years in the Colorado Plateau. These tourist expenditures will generate $2.4bn in higher wages and create over 10,000 additional jobs each year for the region. Furthermore, as dark skies are even more intense natural amenity in the non-summer months, they have the ability to increase visitor counts to national parks year-round and lead to a more efficient use of local community and tourism-related resources throughout the year. Design/methodology/approach Using a 10-year forecast of visitors to the national parks and using standard input-output modeling, we find that non-local tourists who value dark skies will spend $5.8bn over the next 10 years in the Colorado Plateau. Findings These tourist expenditures will generate $2.4bn in higher wages and create over 10,000 additional jobs each year for the region. Furthermore, as dark skies are even more intense natural amenity in the non-summer months, they have the ability to increase visitor counts to national parks year-round and lead to a more efficient use of local community and tourism-related resources throughout the year. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no other study has attempted to value the environmental amenity of dark skies.

Choose your weapon

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-344
Author(s):  
Stefan D. Cassella
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Criminal Conviction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Essential Tool ◽  
The Usa

Purpose Civil forfeiture is an increasingly common way for governments to relieve criminal wrongdoers of the proceeds of their crimes and to restore the property to the victims of the offense. The question that is asked, however, is this: Is civil forfeiture an essential tool that is needed to fill a gap in the arsenal of weapons available to law enforcement or is it a prosecutorial shortcut that allows cases to be closed without obtaining the evidence needed to obtain a criminal conviction in cases that should be prosecuted criminally. The answer is that it is both. When properly used, civil forfeiture is an essential tool that provides a means of recovering property, but it is a tool that can also be used to save time and money even though the investment of those resources in bringing a criminal to justice would better serve the public interest. The aim of this paper is to show why this is so. Design/methodology/approach Analysis of the use of civil forfeiture in the USA. Findings Civil forfeiture is an essential law enforcement tool. Originality/value While undeniably an essential law enforcement tool, civil forfeiture is sometimes used as a shortcut to conserve resources.

The current state of brand management research

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Serhiy Shtovba ◽  
Olena Shtovba ◽  
Lyubov Filatova
Keyword(s):  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Brand Management ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Usa ◽  
First Time ◽  
Business And Management ◽  
Made In

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify leaders and trends in branding research studies, undertaken during 2000-2019. Identification was made in the following categories: most popular subjects; most productive countries; most productive institutions; most productive scholars; most productive sources; most cited publications and most cited scholars. Design/methodology/approach Bibliometric analysis based on data from Scopus and Dimensions. Findings The majority of branding publications belong to business and management. The interest toward this research field, however, declines mostly in favor of cultural studies, psychology, sociology, etc. The majority of publications on branding are concentrated in the USA, UK and Australia. Griffith University has become a leader in the number of branding publications within 2000-2019. T C Melewar is a leader by the number of branding publications among scholars. Journal of Brand Management has been a leader among sources. Journal of Marketing is a leader by the number of the most cited papers. Research limitations/implications The authors analyze the automatically formed results on search query without human meddling. Originality/value For the first time, bibliometric analysis was carried out simultaneously upon the two bases – Scopus and Dimensions.

So just what is a trailer, anyway?

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ed Vollans
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Film Industry ◽  
Public Domain ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Historical Archive ◽  
First Time

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to posit a methodology for exploring promotional trailers in the public domain and a critical discussion of the findings therein. Design/methodology/approach – The approach utilises third part press as a mechanism to limit videosharing website results and allows for a varied corpus of data. Findings – The paper posits that the term “trailer” has shifted significantly since its original use in the film industry and now applies to a certain type of experiential promotion. Originality/value – This is the first time a methodology has been discussed that considers trailers as a shared vernacular term, rather than subject of historical archive.

An international comparison of regulatory capture and regulatory outcomes

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Turner ◽  
Gerard Hughes ◽  
Michelle Maher
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Authority ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Executive Branch ◽  
Regulatory Capture ◽  
Regulatory Structure ◽  
Administrative Structure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Regulatory Influence ◽  
The Usa

Purpose This paper aims to analyze how the administrative structure of pension regulators affects regulatory capture or regulatory influence. It uses a historical institutionalist methodology to analyze regulatory capture. Design/methodology/approach The authors argue that the less complex allocation of regulatory authority in Ireland makes it more susceptible to regulatory capture or regulatory influence by the regulated industry than in the USA. Also, it is argued that stand-alone agencies are more susceptible to regulatory capture than are agencies that are embedded within larger departments of government. The authors present a five-step process in regulatory capture, with the later steps being used by the regulated industry if the earlier ones have failed. Findings The authors find that if the regulated industry has difficulty achieving regulatory capture through influencing the executive branch of government, it can also attempt to influence the legislative and judicial branches, as evidenced by a regulatory episode the USA has recently completed. Ireland has also recently completed reforms that may make regulatory capture more difficult. With a complex regulatory structure including overlapping authority as in the USA, when one agency has been strongly influenced by the regulated industry, another agency may take action to protect the public. Originality/value The paper presents international evidence as to the effect of the administrative structure of regulators on regulatory outcomes. It tests a hypothesis that the more complex, overlapping allocation of regulatory authority in the USA makes it less susceptible to regulatory capture.

Validity of generalized compensation contract for PPP project with consideration of private fair reference depending on concession profit

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Wu ◽  
Yichen Peng ◽  
Xiaofeng Liu ◽  
Jing Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Social Cost ◽  
Behavior Modeling ◽  
Compensation Mechanism ◽  
Social Efficiency ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
First Time

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of private investor's fair preference on the governmental compensation mechanism based on the uncertainty of income for the public-private-partnership (PPP) project. Design/methodology/approach Based on the governmental dilemma for the compensation of PPP project, a generalized compensation contract is designed by the combination of compensation before the event and compensation after the event. Then the private investor's claimed concession profit is taken as its fair reference point according to the idea of the BO model, and its fair utility function is established by improving the FS model. Thus the master-slave counter measure game is applied to conduct the behavior modeling for the governmental compensation contract design. Findings By analyzing the model given in this paper, some conclusions are obtained. First, the governmental optimal compensation contract is fair incentive for the private investor. Second, the private fair preference is not intuitively positive or negative related to the social efficiency of compensation. Only under some given conditions, the correlation will show the consistent effect. Third, the private fair behavior’s impact on the efficiency of compensation will become lower and lower as the social cost of compensation reduces. Fourth, the governmental effective compensation scheme should be carried out based on the different comparison scene of the private claimed portfolio profit and the expected revenue for the project. Originality/value This study analyzes the effects of private investor's fair preference on the validity of governmental generalized compensation contract of the PPP project for the first time; and the governmental generalized compensation contract designed in this study is a pioneering and exploratory attempt.

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